Afterglow-driven tablet quality assessment: non-destructive detection via maltodextrin-based room temperature phosphorescence.

This study explores a non-destructive detection method utilizing the afterglow effect of maltodextrin (MD) for tablet quality detection. Firstly, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis revealed MD's phosphorescence mechanisms. Then, MD tablets were prepared for hardness response, disintegration testing, and hygroscopicity testing.

Synthesis and Enantioselective Recognition of Chiral Macrocycles with Abundant Binding Sites.

Chiral macrocycles /-C with abundant recognition sites were synthesized via a simple four-step reaction procedure. These homochiral macrocycles can be easily purified by silica gel column chromatography without the demand for chiral separation. Their structures have been carefully characterized using X-ray crystallography and NMR spectroscopy.

Functional potential and applications of Ureibacillus massiliensis based on whole-genome sequencing analysis.

Background: Ureibacillus massiliensis (U. massiliensis), a Gram-positive bacterium belonging to the phylum Bacillota, has undergone two significant taxonomic revisions before being classified under the Ureibacillus. Although previous studies have highlighted its promising applications in industrial production and environmental remediation, the lack of genomic information has limited the research on its functional mechanisms and industrial development.

Ultrasoft and fast self-healing poly(ionic liquid) electrode for dielectric elastomer actuators.

Dielectric elastomer actuators (DEAs) exhibit large actuation strains, lightweight, and fast response, making them a promising candidate for soft robotics and soft grippers. Ionogels have been used as the electrodes in DEAs to offer thermostability and self-healability, however, typically the elastic modulus of the self-healing ionogel electrodes is of several tens of kPa (or higher), limiting the actuation strain performance and self-healing speed of the DEA. In this work, a poly(ionic liquid) (PIL) electrode with an ultralow elastic modulus of 3.

Soybean Lecithin as a Passivator and Compatibilizer in Perovskite Solar Cells.

The low affinity caused by the mismatched surface energies between the perovskite precursor solution and the underlayer is the main reason for the poor coverage of perovskite films, which is also accountable for the pinholes in the perovskite films. To solve this problem, amphiphilic soybean lecithin (denoted as SL), which has two long aliphatic chains, is incorporated into the PbI precursor solution. The amphiphilic nature of SL improves the coverage of perovskite films on hydrophobic PTAA, which is conducive to the fabrication of large-scale devices.

Clinical confirmation of an infection with Echinococcus multilocularis (Mongolian genotype): first case report of human alveolar echinococcosis in Inner Mongolia, China.

Background: Alveolar echinococcosis (AE), caused by the larval stage of Echinococcus multilocularis, poses a substantial global health challenge due to its high mortality profile. This study reports the inaugural human infection of echinococcosis caused by the Mongolian genotype of E. multilocularis in China, also the first reported indigenous AE case in Inner Mongolia.

Nrf2 promotes MWCNT-induced pulmonary inflammation in mice.

Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) are used to reinforce plastics, but recent studies have demonstrated that exposure to MWCNTs via inhalation or intratracheal instillation induced lung cancer in rats. The present study was designed to determine the role of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2) in MWCNT-induced inflammatory response in the lung of mice. Anesthetized male Nrf2 null mice and age-matched wild-type mice were exposed once to MWCNTs at either 0, 10, or 20 µg/mouse by pharyngeal aspiration.

Ovatodiolide alleviates renal fibrosis through regulating metabolic reprogramming via targeting glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase.

Background: Ovatodiolide (Ova) is a bioactive compound from Anisomeles indica (l.) Kuntze, which has been traditionally utilized to tonify the kidney function. There is limited targeted therapies available for renal fibrosis (RF) in chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Pro-Arrhythmic Effect of Chronic Stress-Associated Humoral Factors in Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Cardiomyocytes.

Under chronic stress, the pro-arrhythmic effect and mechanism of circulating humoral factors in human cardiomyocytes remain unknown. In the present study, we observed the effect of serum from chronic-stress mice on the electrical activity of human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs). Male C57/BL6J mice were subjected to 35 days of chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS).

Investigation of the Enhancement Effect of Coloading of Compounds with Different Hydrophobicities on the Stability of a Phospholipid/Bile Salt Mixed Micellar System.

Bile acid salt (BAS) micellar structures containing phospholipids (PPLs) have many important applications in the field of drug delivery on account of their biocompatibility, but improving their structural stability is a crucial issue for further development. Combined with our previous findings, we hypothesized that coloading of drugs with different hydrophobicities can enhance the structural stability of the micelles. Puerarin (PUE) and tanshinone IIA (TSA) from the Chinese couplet medicines, Radix Puerariae-Salvia miltiorrhiza, were chosen as the model hydrophobic compound pair to be encapsulated into mixed micelles composed of BAS and PPL (BPMM), to form four mixed micellar systems, including blank BPMM, single-drug-carrying BPMM (namely, PUE-loaded BPMM (P-BPMM) and TSA-loaded BPMM (T-BPMM)), and coloaded BPMM (PT-BPMM).

Continuous selective oxidation of methane to methanol by thermal-assisted photocatalysis over NiO/ZnO.

The selective oxidation of methane to methanol under mild conditions remains challenging due to the delicate balance between methane activation and the prevention of overoxidation. Herein, we present a continuous thermal-assisted photocatalytic process for selective methane oxidation to methanol using NiO/ZnO catalysts in a flow fixed-bed reactor. Under optimal conditions, the process achieves a methanol yield of 47.

Defect-Boosted Piezoelectric and Nanozymatic Synergetic Catalysis for Deep Bacterial Abscess Therapy.

Piezocatalytic therapy, distinguished by its superior tissue penetration under ultrasound activation and its low dependence on the oxygen concentration for generating multiple reactive oxygen species (ROS), has emerged as a promising strategy for deep abscess treatment. However, its efficacy remains constrained by a suboptimal bandgap, weak piezoelectric responses, and inadequate surface-active sites. To address these limitations, a facile Ru-atom doping strategy is first proposed using the BiOBr-based nanosystem (BiOBr@Ru) to tailor the bandgap and boost the piezo- and enzyme-like catalysis.

G Protein Coupled Estrogen Receptor Signaling Maintains β Cell Identity in Female Mice.

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) arises in the context of obesity and overnutrition; however, additional demographic features including age and biological sex contribute to T2D risk. Estradiol (E2) is thought to play a protective metabolic role that may govern sex differences in the development of T2D. The mechanisms by which E2 exerts these effects and the impact of reduced E2 signaling in β cells during menopause remain incompletely understood.

Sustainable and green extraction of citrus peel essential oil using intermittent solvent-free microwave technology.

In the present study, a novel technology called intermittent solvent-free microwave extraction (ISFME), which integrates intermittent microwave treatment with solvent-free extraction, was proposed. Taking Nanfeng citrus peel as the research object, the extraction efficiency and composition of its essential oil were evaluated and compared with conventional hydrodistillation (HD) and solvent-free microwave extraction (SFME). Results from single-factor experiments and response surface method optimization indicate that the optimal parameters for SFME are a power of 660 W, a duration of 20 min, and a water content of 60%, yielding an essential oil output of 3.

A comparison of arthroscopy combined with continuous irrigation, arthroscopic debridement alone, and open arthrotomy for the treatment of septic arthritis of the native knee.

Background: The optimal surgical treatment for septic arthritis of the knee remains debatable, with few studies comparing different arthroscopic techniques. Furthermore, no study has simultaneously compared arthroscopy combined with continuous irrigation, arthroscopic debridement alone, and open arthrotomy. This study compared the efficacy and success rates of these three surgical methods and analyzed the risk factors for failure following initial surgery.

Angiogenesis-osteogenesis coupling and immunomodulatory CGRP@nano MOF-loaded CMCS/GelMA hydrogel for bone regeneration.

The management of bone defects poses a significant challenge for clinicians, necessitating effective strategies to regulate immune inflammation, angiogenesis, and osteogenic differentiation for successful bone regeneration. In this study, we developed a novel hydrogel composed of carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) and gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) designed for the sustained release of the bioactive component calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8). CGRP was initially encapsulated within ZIF-8 and subsequently integrated into the CMCS/GelMA hydrogel matrix.

Unraveling the genetic traits and functional diversity of the pan-genome in Pantoea dispersa.

Background: Medical devices are crucial in modern healthcare, but commonly used clinical tools such as cotton swabs can be easily contaminated by microorganisms (such as Pantoea), becoming vectors for pathogens and leading to patient infections or more severe outcomes. Despite the dual nature of the Pantoea that has garnered significant attention, research investigating Pantoea dispersa (P. dispersa) remains limited.

Multifunctional metal-organic frameworks as promising nanomaterials for antimicrobial strategies.

Bacterial infections pose a serious threat to human health. While antibiotics have been effective in treating bacterial infectious diseases, antibiotic resistance significantly reduces their effectiveness. Therefore, it is crucial to develop new and effective antimicrobial strategies.

Traditional Chinese Medicine YangxinDingji alleviates arrhythmias through inhibition of sodium and L-type calcium channels.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: The Chinese herbal formula YangxinDingji (YXDJ), derived from the classic ancient formula Zhigancao decoction that originated from Zhang Zhongjing's "shang han lun", is a modern preparation of a classic prescription, and is used for arrhythmia treatment in China. However, its antiarrhythmic mechanisms are not fully elucidated.

Aim Of The Study: This study aimed to investigate the pharmacological and molecular mechanisms of YXDJ.

MLKL-Mediated Necroptosis Predominantly Contributes to Immune-Associated Myocardial Damage.

Activated T cells and macrophages play a critical role in immune-associated myocarditis. However, the molecular and cellular mechanisms driving cardiomyocyte damage by immune cells remain poorly understood. In this study, we co-cultured human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs) with activated human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (aPBMCs) to recapitulate myocardial infiltration of immune cells.

A Novel Tandem Reaction System for High-Concentration Acetic Acid Production from Methane and Oxygen.

Directly converting methane into high-value products like CHCOOH poses significant challenges owing to the kinetic limitations of C─H activation and C─C coupling in traditional single-catalysis methods. This work systematically studied the compatibility and effectiveness of plasma and thermocatalytic tandem systems. By optimizing the plasma process in a self-designed dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) reactor, we enhanced methane conversion (68.

Ag-ZnO Nanoflowers Enable Highly Selective Photocatalytic Conversion of CH to CHOH at Atmospheric Pressure: Unraveling Reactive Interfaces and Intermediate Control.

At atmospheric pressure, the main challenge in the photocatalytic oxidation of CH to CHOH is to absorb and activate the inert C─H bond while preventing excessive oxidation of CHOH. In this study, metal-supported ZnO nanoflowers (Ag-ZnO) are designed to produce abundant active interfacial oxygen sites for CH oxidation at atmospheric pressure, with a CHOH yield reaching 1300 µmol g  h and the selectivity is 94%. DFT calculation and in situ analysis show that the addition of Ag regulates the electron state density and band center of O, which is beneficial to the adsorption of CH, and decreases the dissociation energy barrier of C─H bond at O(Lattice oxygen) site.

Association between organophosphate pesticide exposure and atopic dermatitis: a cross-sectional study based on NHANES 1999-2007.

Background: Organophosphate pesticides (OPPs) are widely used environmental chemicals with potential health impacts, but their relationship with atopic dermatitis (AD) remains unclear.

Methods: Using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999-2007, we investigated associations between urinary OPP metabolites and AD in 4,258 adults. Six dialkyl phosphate (DAP) metabolites were measured, and weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression was used to assess mixture effects.

Metal-organic framework-based smart stimuli-responsive drug delivery systems for cancer therapy: advances, challenges, and future perspectives.

Cancer treatment is currently one of the most critical healthcare issues globally. A well-designed drug delivery system can precisely target tumor tissues, improve efficacy, and reduce damage to normal tissues. Stimuli-responsive drug delivery systems (SRDDSs) have shown promising application prospects.

Identification of Structurally Novel KRAS Inhibitors through Covalent DNA-Encoded Library Screening.

Covalent inhibition of the KRAS oncoprotein has emerged as a promising therapeutic approach for the treatment of nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The identification of KRAS inhibitors has typically relied on the high-throughput screening (HTS) of libraries of cysteine-reactive small molecules or on the attachment of cysteine-reactive warheads to noncovalent binders of KRAS. Such screening approaches have historically been limited in the size and diversity of molecules that could be effectively screened.