Neural basis underlying the association between openness/intellect and scientific creativity achievement: the mediation role of the inferior frontal gyrus.

Scientific creativity is vital for cultivating higher-order thinking skills and preparing students for a rapidly evolving world. Research consistently highlights Intellect as a key driver of scientific creativity. However, the neural mechanisms underlying scientific creativity and the pathways through which Intellect contributes to it remain underexplored.

Experimental Evidence of Room-Temperature Ferromagnetism in Semiconducting MnS.

The discovery of two-dimensional (2D) ferromagnetic semiconductors holds significant promise for advancing Moore's law and spintronics in-memory computing, sparking tremendous interest. However, the Curie temperature of explored 2D ferromagnetic semiconductors is much lower than room temperature. Although plenty of 2D room-temperature ferromagnetic semiconductors have been theoretically predicted, there have been formidable challenges in preparing such metastable materials with ordered structures and high stability.

Equity of participants in clinical trials in critical care and perioperative medicine research: a systematic review.

Background: Underrepresentation in critical care and perioperative randomised controlled trials (RCTs) limit generalisability and drive health inequity. This systematic review of large, high-quality RCTs analysed representation and reporting trends of equity data over 10 yr.

Methods: We searched MEDLINE, Embase, and Clinicaltrials.

Bergamottin, A Natural Bioactive Compound, Inhibits Dabie Bandavirus Infection In Vitro and In Vivo.

Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is a novel, highly fatal disease caused by Dabie bandavirus (DBV), also referred to as severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV). DBV is endemic to many Asian countries, and its incidence has recently increased. However, there are currently no specific therapies for combating DBV infection.

Correlations of phosphorylated Nrf2 with responses to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with triple-negative breast cancer.

Background: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy is the recommended treatment for stage II and III triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). We aimed to study the role of phosphorylated Nrf2 (pNrf2) in the responses to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in TNBC patients.

Methods: A prospective observational cohort study was performed in stage II and III TNBC patients who were scheduled for neoadjuvant chemotherapy between January 2017 and December 2021.

Low-dimensional metal chalcogenides for wearable gas sensing.

Real-time monitoring of the surrounding gas environment, including our inhaled and exhaled atmosphere, is a crucial but underdeveloped technology for personalized healthcare. Recent advancements in wearable sensing technologies and AI algorithms promise the realization of more powerful wearable gas sensing systems, such as electronic noses. However, fundamental studies are still ongoing in seeking efficient gas sensing materials, transducing mechanisms, and device structures to meet the basic requirement of wearability and low power operation.

Optical coherence tomography angiography integrating differential phase and intensity images for imaging of a mouse retina.

Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) suffers from more motion artifacts compared to optical coherence tomography, which are the primary source of image quality degradation in imaging. We propose an OCTA algorithm in this Letter that differs from motion compensation methods widely employed to reduce motion artifacts and effectively mitigates these artifacts. The algorithm integrates differential phase and intensity images based on the standard deviation of the flow signals.

Chlorinated paraffins in plasma of healthy elderly adults: Method development, temporal variability, and exposure determinants.

Chlorinated paraffins (CPs) are a group of persistent organic pollutants widely applied in industrial processes, raising significant concerns regarding human internal exposure through environmental and dietary pathways. Currently, there is a lack of effective and cost-efficient methods for extracting CPs from large-scale human biomonitoring samples, and short-term variations in human internal exposure remain insufficiently characterized, particularly among the vulnerable elderly population. Here a novel, rapid, and highly efficient pretreatment method was developed to simultaneously quantify CPs of varying carbon chain lengths in minimized volumes of human plasma.

Dynamic Monolayer WSe Electrolyte-Gated Transistor with Coexistent Double Relaxation Timescale for Enhanced Physical Reservoir Computing.

Physical reservoir computing (PRC) is considered as an efficient method for solving complex time series tasks due to its outstanding advantages such as easy training and hardware implementation. However, a memristor-based reservoir with only a single timescale carrier/ion dynamics limits the performance of multiple timescale feature extraction. Here a fully volatile, electrolyte-gated monolayer (ML) WSe transistor with a coexistent double relaxation timescale (DRT) is reported, which enriches the reservoir dynamics and has excellent time series prediction capability in PRC.

Causal effects of physical activity and screen time on childhood intelligence via Mendelian randomization: The mediating role of intracranial volume.

Growing evidence suggests that physical activity and screen time affect intelligence (IQ) during childhood, a critical period for brain development, yet the relationship between these factors remains controversial. Using bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR), we investigated these associations while accounting for potential reverse causality. Our two-sample MR analysis revealed a positive causal effect of moderate to vigorous physical activity (PA) on childhood IQ (β = 0.

Spin-regulated Fe-N-C catalyst enabled by adjusting coordination nitrogen species for robust oxygen reduction.

Fe-N-C catalysts have emerged as a promising substitute for the expensive Pt/C to boost the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). However, conventional Fe-N active sites, which generally feature a low-spin configuration, strongly adsorb oxygen intermediates and necessitate structural optimization of the active sites for improved performance. Herein, graphitic nitrogen (N) adjacent to the Fe-N centers is straightforwardly introduced to modulate the spin state of Fe-N-C catalysts after elucidating the influence of nitrogen species on the Fe-N sites.

Ferroelectricity-Driven Magnetism in a Metal Halide Monolayer.

Electrical control of magnetism promises potential applications in low-cost, high-density spintronic devices; however, it remains a great challenge in traditional multiferroics. Here we propose that a type-III multiferroic material, where magnetism is driven by ferroelectricity, can be used to achieve effective electrical control of magnetism. We reveal that the emergence of ferroelectricity in a low-dimensional system could significantly reduce the interatomic orbital overlap and narrow the electronic bands, which increases the Stoner instability and, thus, results in a transition from nonmagnetic to ferromagnetic states.

Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances Suppress Macrophage Alternative Activation to Disrupt Hepatic Lipid Metabolism.

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are pervasive environmental pollutants with diverse toxic effects (e.g., hepatotoxicity and metabolism disorder).

Development of a Recombinant Outer Membrane Vesicles (OMVs)-Based Vaccine Against Helicobacter pylori Infection in Mice.

The current vaccine development for Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) still faces challenges of weak immune responses stimulated by existing antigens and a lack of safe adjuvants. The modification of the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) structure by H.

Reducing the clustering challenge in the IoT using two disjoint convex hulls.

Accurate clustering of IoT devices is a promising challenge. We have observed that a few studies have been performed to address this challenge. However, they are expensive or do not shape accurate clustering.

Advances in the Structure-Activity Relationship of Electrocatalytic C-N Coupling: From Nanocatalysis to Single Metal Site Catalysis.

C-N coupling is crucial for constructing amides and amines and involves various fields, including medicine, chemical industries, agriculture, and energy. With the rapid development of electrocatalytic C-N coupling and the continuous improvement of catalytic performance, this field has aroused extensive research interest. A comprehensive review is urgently needed to summarize the structure-activity relationship, key challenges, and future development directions.

Clinical indicators for predicting physical activity levels in long-term COVID-19: Insights from physical exertion and oxygen saturation.

Introduction: Long COVID-19 syndrome, affecting approximately 80% of adults after SARS-CoV-2 infection, often reduces physical activity due to fatigue and breathing difficulties, leading to impaired physical function and lung capacity. This cross-sectional study examined predictive variables such as physical exertion, heart rate, and oxygen saturation to assess physical activity levels in adults with long COVID-19 syndrome.

Methods: We recruited 34 adults aged 19-55 with a COVID-19 history and assigned them to the long-COVID-19 and control group.

Arachidonic acid metabolite prostaglandin E2 attenuates diethylhexyl phthalate-induced hepatotoxicity through promoting macrophage M2 polarization.

The prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), exacerbated by endocrine disruptors like phthalate-plasticizers, underscores the need to understand their impact on hepatic lipid metabolism. Although the suppression of hepatic macrophage M2 polarization is known to contribute to diethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP)-induced hepatic lipid accumulation, the role of intracellular metabolism in macrophages remains unclear. Here, we investigated the role of arachidonic acid metabolism-a key regulator of M2 macrophage polarization-and its metabolite prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in DEHP-induced hepatic lipid disorders.

Correlation study of PBK/TOPK expression, prognosis, and immune infiltration in breast cancer.

PDZ-binding kinase/T-lymphokine-activated killer-cell-originated protein kinase (PBK/TOPK) is a serine-threonine protein kinase. This study aimed to investigate the expression pattern, prognostic significance, and relationship with tumor immune infiltration of PBK/TOPK in breast cancer through bioinformatics analyses and immunohistochemistry (IHC), providing insights for individualized treatment and immunotherapy strategies. PBK/TOPK expression and its correlation with clinicopathological features were analyzed using TIMER, UALCAN, and TCGA databases.

Ultrasensitive detection of clinical pathogens through a target-amplification-free collateral-cleavage-enhancing CRISPR-CasΦ tool.

Clinical pathogen diagnostics detect targets by qPCR (but with low sensitivity) or blood culturing (but time-consuming). Here we leverage a dual-stem-loop DNA amplifier to enhance non-specific collateral enzymatic cleavage of an oligonucleotide linker between a fluophore and its quencher by CRISPR-CasΦ, achieving ultrasensitive target detection. Specifically, the target pathogens are lysed to release DNA, which binds its complementary gRNA in CRISPR-CasΦ to activate the collateral DNA-cleavage capability of CasΦ, enabling CasΦ to cleave the stem-loops in the amplifier.

Modulating Support Effect in High-Entropy Sulfide via La Single-Atom for Boosted Oxygen Evolution.

Reduced energy barrier induced enhanced oxygen evolution reaction (OER) kinetics can be achieved by implementing an efficient electrocatalyst. Herein, positive effect of lanthanum (La) single-atom modified hollow carbon sphere (HCS) support on OER activity of high-entropy sulfide (HES) material (FeCoNiCrCuAl)S has been reported. Briefly, La single-atom boosts the aggregation of electrons at adjacent Fe, Co, Ni, Cr, and Cu sites and dissipation of electrons at Al site in HES material, facilitating reconstruction of electronic structure and down-shifting their d-band center away from Fermi level, resulting in reduced adsorption energy of OER intermediates.