Integrated diagnostics and time series sensitivity assessment for growth monitoring of a medicinal plant ( Fisch.) based on unmanned aerial vehicle multispectral sensors.

Background: Water and nitrogen are essential elements prone to deficiency during plant growth. Current water-fertilizer monitoring technologies are unable to meet the demands of large-scale cultivation. Near-ground remote sensing technology based on unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) multispectral image is widely used for crop growth monitoring and agricultural management and has proven to be effective for assessing water and nitrogen status.

Therapeutic effects and potential mechanisms of astragaloside IV on pulmonary fibrosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of preclinical studies.

Background: Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) remains a devastating disease with limited therapeutic options. Astragaloside IV (AS-IV), a natural compound from Astragalus mongholicus (AM), has shown promise as a possible treatment for fibrosis. However, a systematic evaluation of its therapeutic efficacy and underlying mechanisms is lacking.

Ultra-compact multi-pass cell-based TDLAS sensor for simultaneous dual-position atmospheric methane detection.

This paper presents the development and evaluation of an ultra-compact multi-pass cell (MPC) for multi-point methane (CH) detection in environmental monitoring. The MPC, with a 2.45 m optical path length and a volume of ∼7 mL, was fabricated using two spherical mirrors to form a non-intersecting seven-circle spot pattern, maximizing the optical path length while minimizing volume.

Identification and validation of , , and as potential diagnostic markers of postmenopausal osteoporosis.

Postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) is recognized as the most prevalent bone disease worldwide. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is one of the most common RNA modifications influencing the progression of various disorders; however, its specific role in PMOP remains unexplored. This study aims to investigate the expression profiles of m6A-related genes and their impact on the prognosis of PMOP patients.

Carbon-Negative Ammonia Production from the Air.

Ammonia holds paramount importance as a fundamental chemical commodity for large-scale production of fertilisers and hydrogen carriers. The conventional Haber-Bosch process relies heavily on fossil fuels, making ammonia synthesis a significant contributor to greenhouse gas emissions. Here, we show a carbon-negative ammonia synthesis process that not only produces ammonia from the air but also directly captures the atmospheric CO (DAC).

Association between Dietary Index for Gut Microbiota (DI-GM) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD): Evidence from NHANES 1999-2018.

Background And Objectives: Gut microbiota and liver are closely linked, and disruption of the gut-liver axis has been associated with various conditions, including non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The Die-tary Index for Gut Microbiota (DI-GM), a recently developed measure of gut microbiota variety, has not been researched in connection with NAFLD.

Methods And Study Design: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 12,910 eligible participants aged ≥20 years from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) between 1999 and 2018 by adjusting for covariates.

Developing an Evaluation Index System for Service Capability of Internet Hospitals in China: Mixed Methods Study.

Background: Rapid advancements in web-based technology have significantly transformed the health care landscape. In China, internet hospitals have emerged as vital components of the health care system. This rapid growth highlights the necessity for a thorough evaluation of internet hospitals within the health care system, as they operate under models distinct from traditional health care settings.

Dynapenic abdominal obesity and the risks of heart disease and all-cause mortality: a 7-year longitudinal study among middle-aged and older Chinese adults.

Background: Research on the impact of dynapenic abdominal obesity (DAO) on heart disease and mortality in Asian populations is limited. Given the distinct muscle strength and visceral adiposity profiles in Asians compared to other populations, it is important to investigate these associations in this context. This study aimed to assess the impact of DAO on heart disease and all-cause mortality in middle-aged and older Chinese adults.

Enabling an ultraefficient lithium-selective construction through electric field-assisted ion control.

Membranes with precise ion transport behaviors are regarded as an alternative for lithium (Li) extraction from water streams. Current membranes demonstrate limited viability due to the lack of efficient Li-selective architectures. We propose an electric field-assisted ion control hypothesis in reinforcing ultraefficient Li-selective membranes, in which an ionized zeolitic imidazolate framework layer (Q-PEI@ZIF) is constructed via polyethylenimine (PEI) in situ confinement conversion and subsequent quaternization of 2,3-epoxypropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride.

Ubiquitination in the Nervous System: From Molecular Mechanisms to Disease Implications.

The ubiquitin‒proteasome system (UPS) comprises ubiquitin, various enzymes, and the proteasome, which are collectively responsible for selectively regulating protein degradation within the human body. Ubiquitination plays a crucial role in various physiological and pathological processes of the nervous system. In neurons, ubiquitination influences synaptic transmission, neural network formation, and mitochondrial homeostasis.

Different light color temperatures in the morning on the effectiveness of rehabilitation training in patients with ischemic stroke: a prospective, single-center, randomized controlled clinical trial.

Background: Stroke is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide, especially in China, where its incidence is rising. Post-stroke rehabilitation is crucial for restoring neurological function and improving quality of life. Light therapy, a non-pharmacological intervention, is gaining attention for its potential to promote neuroplasticity and enhance brain circulation.

The role of green credit in energy resilience: A quasi-natural experiment from China.

Green credit policy is an important practice of financial regulation, and its possible effect on energy resilience cannot be ignored. This article adopts theoretical derivation and empirical strategies to study the effect and mechanism of green credit on energy resilience. The promulgation of "green credit guidelines" is used as a quasinatural experiment, and the findings indicate that green credit can significantly improve energy resilience.

Association analysis between circulating methylmalonic acid and cognitive performance: a population-based cross-sectional study.

Background: Cognitive impairment is one of the common manifestations of abnormal development or dysfunction of the nervous system. Methylmalonic acid (MMA) is a dicarboxylic acid in the propionate metabolism pathway involving vitamin B12 (B12), it is also one of the commonly used biomarkers in human B12 testing. The relationship between MMA and cognition is not yet fully elucidated.

Pleural Effusion Trajectories and Clinical Outcomes in Cardiac Surgery Patients.

Background: Pleural effusion (PE) commonly occurs in cardiac surgery patients, often requiring tube drainage. This study aimed to investigate associations between PE drainage trajectories and clinical outcomes in patients undergoing cardiac surgery.

Methods: Patients who underwent cardiac surgery and subsequent tube drainage during hospitalization in the intensive care unit, due to substantial PE, were enrolled.

The regulation of neuroinflammatory response after stroke by intestinal flora microorganisms.

Ischemic stroke (IS) is a severe central nervous system disorder characterized by high incidence, disability, mortality, and recurrence rates, along with numerous complications. The microbiota-gut-brain axis (MGBA) represents a bidirectional communication pathway between the brain and the gut, which can influence the onset and progression of IS through neural, immunoregulatory, and gut metabolite pathways. Recent preclinical and clinical evidence supports the use of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), probiotics and prebiotics, dietary interventions, and antibiotics as strategies to suppress neuroinflammation in IS, protect the blood-brain barrier, modulate immune responses, and improve stroke outcomes.

Molecular mechanisms and biological functions of active DNA demethylation in plants.

DNA methylation is a conserved epigenetic modification that plays important roles in silencing transposable elements, regulating gene expression, and maintaining genome stability. In plants, DNA methylation is de novo established by the RNA-directed DNA methylation pathway and maintained during each cell cycle. It can be actively removed by the REPRESSOR OF SILENCING 1/DEMETER family proteins through the base excision repair pathway.

REM transcription factors and GDE1 shape the DNA methylation landscape through the recruitment of RNA polymerase IV transcription complexes.

In plants, the maintenance of DNA methylation is controlled by several self-reinforcing loops involving histone methylation and non-coding RNAs. However, how methylation is initially patterned at specific genomic loci is largely unknown. Here we describe four Arabidopsis REM transcription factors, VDD, VAL, REM12 and REM13, that recognize specific sequence regions and, together with the protein GENETICS DETERMINES EPIGENETICS1 (GDE1), recruit RNA polymerase IV transcription complexes.

Effect of Biological Denitrification Inhibitor on NO Emissions from Paddy Soil and Microbial Mechanisms.

The denitrification process is the main process of the soil nitrogen (N) cycle in paddy fields, which leads to the production of large amounts of nitrous oxide (NO) and increases N loss in paddy soil. Plant-derived bio denitrification inhibitor procyanidins are thought to inhibit soil denitrification, thereby reducing NO emissions and soil N loss. However, the denitrification inhibition effect of procyanidins in paddy soils with high organic matter content remains unclear, and their high price is not conducive to practical application.

Effect of Haplo-Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Timing on Patients with Severe Aplastic Anemia Without Histocompatible Matched Sibling Donor.

Background: Comparative studies on frontline haploidentical HSCT (haplo-HSCT) versus salvage haplo-HSCT after immunosuppressive therapy (IST) failure in severe aplastic anemia (SAA) are limited. To evaluate the effects of different transplantation timing on patient survival, the incidence of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), and the risk of infection on the outcomes of patients with SAA.

Methods: This retrospective study included 82 SAA patients who underwent haplo-HSCT using the "Beijing protocol".

The application performance of MRI-PDFF detection values of different hepatic lobes in diagnosing liver steatosis.

Magnetic resonance imaging derived proton density fat fraction (MRI-PDFF) is becoming increasingly important for assessing liver steatosis, which is traditionally diagnosed via liver biopsy. In the present study, we aimed to evaluate the efficacy of MRI-PDFF in detecting liver steatosis by comparing its values from various liver lobes-the right posterior hepatic lobe (RPHL), right anterior hepatic lobe (RAHL), left inner hepatic lobe (LIHL), left outer hepatic lobe (LOHL), the mean value of four hepatic lobes (M-PDFF), and the highest value of four hepatic lobes (H-PDFF)-against biopsy results. The findings indicated that MRI-PDFF exhibited strong performances in identifying liver steatosis in 125 patients, with area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) values of 0.

Altered interhemispheric functional connectivity in end-stage renal disease patients receiving hemodialysis without cognitive impairment.

Background: Previous studies have shown that alterations in brain structure, metabolism, and function are prevalent in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD); however, the synchronization of early functional changes between the two functional hemispheres in these patients remains unclear. This study aimed to analyze interhemispheric functional connectivity in patients with ESRD using resting-state fMRI with voxel mirrored homotopic connectivity (VMHC) algorithm.

Methods: The study cohort comprised 36 patients with ESRD receiving hemodialysis without cognitive impairment and 34 matched healthy control (HCs).

Solidification-Induced Wear Behavior of Composite Coatings Fabricated via Laser Cladding.

The Fe-based composite coating reinforced with WC has broad application in critical components of the steel metallurgy industry. However, the effect of WC content on the microstructure and, thus, comprehensive mechanical performance of these coatings remains insufficiently understood. In this study, laser cladding was used to fabricate Fe-based coatings with varying WC contents to systematically investigate their influence on solidification behavior, microstructural evolution, and wear performance.

Bispecific Antibody Targeting VEGF/TGF-β Synergizes with Local Radiotherapy: Turning Tumors from Cold to Inflamed and Amplifying Abscopal Effects.

Beyond inherently killing cancer cells by directly inducing double-strand DNA breaks, local radiotherapy (RT) can exert immune-priming effects and reprogram the tumor microenvironment (TME) from immune-cold tumors into inflamed, or "hot" tumors. Nevertheless, this immunogenic antitumor response may be partially counterbalanced by the upregulation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) induced by RT. Y332D, a bispecific antibody that simultaneously blockades VEGF and TGF-β, effectively synergized with RT, leading to a durable antitumor effect.

Discovery of novel imidazo[2,1-b][1,3,4]thiadiazole analogs as fluorescent SHP2 inhibitors.

Overexpression or gene mutation of SHP2 is closely linked with a variety of cancers and has been identified as a crucial anticancer target. The fluorescent molecules have the potential for promoting novel SHP2 inhibitors development by visualizing its tissue distribution and biological behavior information. In the work, we designed and synthesized a series of imidazo[2,1-b][1,3,4]thiadiazole derivatives.