Advances in methods for rapid detection of Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant S. aureus.

Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) are important pathogens that are closely associated with hospital-acquired and community-acquired infections.

Development and validation of a deep learning-based assessment tool for teacher leadership: A case study from Xinjiang, China.

Teacher leadership is widely regarded as a critical driver of school reform and educational quality improvement. Although the field has been extensively studied, empirical research remains limited in Xinjiang, China-a region characterized by its multiethnic and multilingual context. To address this gap, the present study developed and validated a culturally sensitive assessment tool based on a sample of 371 primary and secondary school teachers from Xinjiang.

Characteristics and prognosis of language impairment in subcortical aphasia of acute stroke patients.

Background: Subcortical aphasia, caused by lesions in deep brain structures such as the basal ganglia, thalamus, and periventricular white matter, remains poorly understood due to its heterogeneous clinical presentations and disputed neural mechanisms. Unlike classical cortical aphasia syndromes, subcortical aphasia often involves subtle deficits in lexical, semantic, and phonological processing, which may be underestimated by standard assessments.

Objective: This study aimed to comprehensively characterize the language profiles of patients with subcortical aphasia using a multidimensional assessment approach, and to explore the underlying components of language impairment and their relationship to aphasia severity.

Physicochemical properties, aroma compounds, non-volatile metabolites and their potential correlation in fermented Sichuan-style sausage.

To assess the modulation of on aroma compounds, non-volatile metabolites, and their potential correlation in Sichuan-style sausage, in this study, an isolated strain was used as starter cultures to prepare Sichuan-style sausages at different inoculum levels (10, 10, and 10 CFU/g). The results showed that fermented sausages exhibited reduced total plate counts and stronger antioxidant activity compared to control sausage. UHPLC-MS/MS metabolomics identified 1047 metabolites, of which 930 were characterized.

Engineering Atomic-Step Architectures in 2D WSe through Kinetic Modulation for Efficient Hydrogen Evolution in PEM Electrolyzers.

Hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in proton exchange membrane (PEM) electrolyzers currently depends predominantly on platinum-based catalysts, whose high cost and limited natural abundance drive the urgent need for developing efficient non-precious alternatives. Among various candidates, tungsten-based transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs, where X = S, Se, Te) have shown particular promise as cost-effective catalysts, yet their performance still falls short of practical requirements. Recognizing that the edge sites of TMDs serve as the primary active centers for HER, a strategy is developed to dramatically enhance WSe's catalytic efficiency by creating abundant atomic steps through a precisely controlled kinetically-driven selenization process.

Benzotriazole and Poly(vinylidene Fluoride) Synergistically Promote the Selectivity of Carbon Dioxide Reduction on Copper toward C Products.

Electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide (CORR) to valuable chemicals offers a promising solution to mitigate CO emissions and address the energy crisis. Surface modification of the catalyst surface with small molecules or polymers could modulate the product selectivity of the CORR. If a properly chosen polymer and molecule were combined together, a significant improvement in the CORR might be realized.

Promoting the Cobalt Phthalocyanine-Catalyzed Electrochemical Reduction of Carbon Dioxide with the Coadsorption of Melamine.

Electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide (CORR) is a promising strategy for mitigating global warming and producing value-added products simultaneously. Molecular catalysts, such as cobalt phthalocyanine (CoPc), are known to be effective in converting carbon dioxide (CO) to carbon monoxide (CO). However, it is still challenging to improve the reaction rate and selectivity of this conversion.

Diagnosis and activity prediction of SLE based on serum Raman spectroscopy combined with a two-branch Bayesian network.

Objective: This study aims to examine the impact of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) on various organs and tissues throughout the body. SLE is a chronic autoimmune disease that, if left untreated, can lead to irreversible damage to these organs. In severe cases, it can even be life-threatening.

TDMFS: Tucker decomposition multimodal fusion model for pan-cancer survival prediction.

Integrated analysis of multimodal data offers a more comprehensive view for cancer survival prediction, yet it faces challenges like computational intensity, overfitting, and challenges in achieving a unified representation due to data heterogeneity. To address the above issues, the first Tucker decomposition multimodal fusion model was hereby proposed for pan-cancer survival prediction (TDMFS). The model employed Tucker decomposition to limit complex tensor parameters during fusion, achieving deep modality integration with reduced computational cost and lower overfitting risk.

Mechanisms of Aluminum Toxicity Impacting Root Growth in Shatian Pomelo.

Aluminum (Al) toxicity in acidic soils poses significant challenges to crop growth and development. However, the response mechanism of Shatian pomelo ( 'Shatian Yu') roots to Al toxicity remains poorly understood. This study employed root phenotype analysis, physiological response index measurement, root transcriptome analysis, and quantitative PCR (qPCR) validation to investigate the effects of Al toxicity on Shatian pomelo roots.

A Strongly Coupled 1T'-ReSe@2H-MoSe van der Waals Heterostructure for Efficient Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution at High Current Densities.

Developing efficient and durable non-noble metal electrocatalysts for high current-density hydrogen evolution reactions (HER) is a pressing requirement for commercial industrial electrolyzers. In this study, a vertical 1T'-ReSe@2H-MoSe van der Waals heterostructure was developed through interface engineering to enhance the advantages of each component and expose numerous active sites. Experimental investigations and density functional theory calculations demonstrate significant electronic coupling at the interface between 1T'-ReSe and 2H-MoSe, with suitable Gibbs free energy for hydrogen adsorption.

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of NiTi Alloy Prepared by Double-Wire + Arc Additive Manufacturing Plus Heat Treatment.

In this study, NiTi shape memory alloy was prepared by double-wire + arc additive manufacturing plus heat treatment using TA1 and ER-Ni welding wires as the raw materials. The results show that the microstructural evolution from the bottom to top is NiTi + NiTi → NiTi + NiTi + NiTi → NiTi + NiTi + NiTi + NiTi + α-Ti. Complex thermal cycles led to the precipitation of NiTi, which improves the hardness of the matrix (B2), and the average hardness value of the top region reaches 550.

Band Gap Engineering of MoWS Alloy Monolayers with Wafer-Scale Uniformity.

Modulating the band gap of two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenide (TMDC) semiconductors is critical for their application in a wider spectral range. Alloying has been demonstrated as an effective method for regulating the band gap of 2D TMDC semiconductors. The fabrication of large-area 2D TMDC alloy films with centimeter-scale uniformity is fundamental to the application of integrated devices.

Application of deep learning radiomics in oral squamous cell carcinoma-Extracting more information from medical images using advanced feature analysis.

Objective: To conduct a systematic review with meta-analyses to assess the recent scientific literature addressing the application of deep learning radiomics in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).

Materials And Methods: Electronic and manual literature retrieval was performed using PubMed, Web of Science, EMbase, Ovid-MEDLINE, and IEEE databases from 2012 to 2023. The ROBINS-I tool was used for quality evaluation; random-effects model was used; and results were reported according to the PRISMA statement.

The Effects of Processing Parameters during the Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing of 308L Stainless Steel on the Formation of a Thin-Walled Structure.

Wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) excels in producing medium to large components with a high deposition rate. Process optimization is crucial for uniform, defect-free components. This research employs orthogonal experimental design and response surface methodology (RSM) to control TIG WAAM-ed 308L stainless steel components.

HDS-Net: Achieving fine-grained skin lesion segmentation using hybrid encoding and dynamic sparse attention.

Skin cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors worldwide, and early detection is crucial for improving its cure rate. In the field of medical imaging, accurate segmentation of lesion areas within skin images is essential for precise diagnosis and effective treatment. Due to the capacity of deep learning models to conduct adaptive feature learning through end-to-end training, they have been widely applied in medical image segmentation tasks.

Microstructure and properties of a shape memory alloy Ti-Ni-Al-V fabricated by double-wire arc additive manufacturing.

In this study, a novel heterogeneous double-wire arc additive manufacturing method was used for the in-situ synthesis of a novel Ti-Ni-Al-V alloy wall. The results indicated that the synthesis wall was composed of the NiTi, B, and NiTi phases from the bottom to the top. With an increase in deposition layers, the Ti2Ni content decreased.

Te-doped-WSe/W as a stable monolith catalyst for ampere-level current density hydrogen evolution reaction.

The development of efficient electrocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) holds immense importance in the context of large-scale hydrogen production from water. Nevertheless, the practical application of such catalysts still relies on precious platinum-based materials. There is a pressing need to design high-performing, non-precious metal electrocatalysts capable of generating hydrogen at substantial current levels.

Blue light at night produces stress-evoked heightened aggression by enhancing brain-derived neurotrophic factor in the basolateral amygdala.

Light is an underappreciated mood manipulator. People are often exposed to electronic equipment, which results in nocturnal blue light exposure in modern society. Light pollution drastically shortens the night phase of the circadian rhythm.

Boosting the Plasmon-Mediated Electrochemical Oxidation of -Aminothiophenol with -Hydroxythiophenol as Molecular Cocatalyst.

Plasmon-mediated electrochemistry is an emerging area of interest in which the electrochemical reactions are enhanced by employing metal nanostructures possessing localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR). However, the reaction efficacy is still far below its theoretical limit due to the ultrafast relaxation of LSPR-generated hot carriers. Herein, we introduce -hydroxythiophenol (PHTP) as a molecular cocatalyst to significantly improve the reaction efficacy in plasmon-mediated electrochemical oxidation of -aminothiophenol (PATP) on gold nanoparticles.

Selectively Adsorbed -Aminothiophenol Molecules Improve the Electrocatalytic and Photo-Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution on Au/TiO.

Electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is receiving increasing attention as an effective process to produce clean energy. The commonly used precious metal catalysts can be hybridized with semiconductors to form heterostructures for the improvement of catalytic efficiency and reduction of cost. It will be promising to further improve the efficiency of heterostructure-based nanocatalysts in electrocatalytic and photocatalytic HER using a simple and effective method.

Potential Correlation between Microbial Diversity and Volatile Flavor Substances in a Novel Chinese-Style Sausage during Storage.

A novel Chinese-style sausage with Chinese traditional fermented condiments used as additional ingredients is produced in this study. The aim of this study was to investigate the microbial community's structure, the volatile flavor substances and their potential correlation in the novel Chinese sausage. High-throughput sequencing (HTS) and solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) were, respectively, used to analyze the microbial diversity and volatile flavor substances of the novel Chinese-style sausage during storage.

DBAN: An improved dual branch attention network combined with serum Raman spectroscopy for diagnosis of diabetic kidney disease.

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is one of the most common kidney diseases worldwide. It is estimated that approximately 537 million adults worldwide have diabetes, and up to 30%-40% of diabetic patients are at risk of developing nephropathy. The pathogenesis of DKD is complex, and its onset is insidious.

BTRX-246040 Acts Through the Ventrolateral Periaqueductal Gray to Exert Antidepressant-Relevant Actions in Mice.

Background: BTRX-246040, a nociceptin/orphanin FQ peptide receptor antagonist, is being developed for the treatment of depressive patients. However, the underlying mechanism of this potential antidepressant is still largely unclear. Here, we studied the antidepressant-related actions of BTRX-246040 in the ventrolateral periaqueductal gray (vlPAG).

Reduced Graphene Oxide-Doped Porous Thermoplastic Polyurethane Sponges for Highly Efficient Oil/Water Separation.

In this paper, a porous polyurethane sponge with excellent hydrophobicity was prepared through thermal phase separation. Preparation condition modified experiments were systematically carried out, and a sponge with a saturated oil absorption capacity (13.3 g g) and a rapid absorption rate (achieving absorption equilibrium within 20 s) was achieved.