Handgrip strength and muscle mass cutoff values for identifying sarcopenia in older Chinese adults.

Sarcopenia, characterised by low muscle mass and muscle strength, is associated with poor health outcomes in older adults. Population-specific cutoffs are crucial for accurate diagnosis. This study aimed to identify the specific cutoff values for handgrip strength (HGS) and skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) to distinguish sarcopenic from non-sarcopenic individuals in the Chinese population.

Stereo-seq V2: Spatial mapping of total RNA on FFPE sections with high resolution.

Performing total RNA profiling on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) samples, the predominant sample conservation method in clinical practice, remains challenging for current spatial transcriptomics techniques. Here, we introduce Stereo-seq V2, which employs random primers to capture and sequence RNAs in situ on FFPE sections and provides single-cell resolution. The random-priming-based strategy offers unbiased transcript capturing and uniform gene body coverage, which increase the sensitivity to marker genes, the efficiency of non-polyadenylation (poly(A)) RNA profiling, and immune repertoire coverage.

Single-cell eQTL mapping of human endogenous retroviruses reveals cell type-specific genetic regulation in autoimmune diseases.

Human endogenous retroviruses constitute a significant portion of the human genome and play complex roles in gene regulation and disease processes. However, the expression pattern and disease associations of specific retroviral loci remain pooly understood. This study examines the expression and regulatory mechanisms of these retroviral elements in immune cells.

Unveiling the mental state: validating the uBioMacpa Pro stress measurement tool among Chinese college students.

Mental stress is a significant contributor to various health issues, including cardiovascular disease, anxiety, and depression. Scholars have developed many tools and methods to evaluate psychological stress states. uBioMacpa Pro is one of the measuring meters that evaluates accumulated stress by measuring heart rate variability (HRV).

Clinical Stage Prompt Induced Multi-modal Prognosis.

Histology analysis of the tumor micro-environment integrated with genomic assays is widely regarded as the cornerstone for cancer analysis and survival prediction. This paper jointly incorporates genomics and Whole Slide Images (WSIs), and focuses on addressing the primary challenges involved in multi-modality prognosis analysis: 1) the high-order relevance is difficult to be modeled from dimensional imbalanced gigapixel WSIs and tens of thousands of genetic sequences, and 2) the lack of medical expertise and clinical knowledge hampers the effectiveness of prognosis-oriented multi-modal fusion. Due to the nature of the prognosis task, statistical priors and clinical knowledge are essential factors to provide the likelihood of survival over time, which, however, has been under-studied.

An anti-complement homogeneous polysaccharide from ameliorates acute pneumonia with H1N1 and MRSA coinfection through rectifying Treg/Th17 imbalance in the gut-lung axis and NLRP3 inflammasome activation.

The coinfection of respiratory viruses and bacteria is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, despite the development of vaccines and powerful antibiotics. As a macromolecule that is difficult to absorb in the gastrointestinal tract, a homogeneous polysaccharide from (HCPM) has been reported to exhibit anti-complement properties and alleviate influenza A virus (H1N1)-induced lung injury; however, the effects of HCPM without antiviral and antibacterial activities on more complicated pulmonary diseases resulting from viral-bacterial coinfection remains unclear. This study established a representative coinfection murine pneumonia model infected with H1N1 (0.

A GaN Schottky Barrier Diode-Based Terahertz Metasurface for High-Precision Phase Control and High-Speed Beam Scanning.

Effective wavefront control in the terahertz (THz) regime is essential for achieving high-directionality beamforming, spatial multiplexing, and real-time wireless communication. However, low-loss, precise, and rapid THz phase modulation remains fundamentally constrained by material limitations and inherent device-level trade-offs. A programmable THz metasurface (GaNMS) is presented, employing a gallium nitride Schottky barrier diode with a high-mobility 2D electron gas, specifically designed to overcome these limitations by leveraging its low insertion loss, fast response, and continuously tunable junction capacitance.

Discovering VEGFR-targeting constituents from Chloranthus holostegius guided by affinity screening.

Natural products remain an indispensable resource for pharmaceutical exploration. This investigation focuses on discovering bioactive compounds that target the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR-2) from Chloranthus holostegius. Our phytochemical analysis led to the isolation and structural elucidation of six previously undescribed sesquiterpene derivatives (1-6) and seven known analogs (7-13).

SpatialSNV: A novel method for identifying and analyzing spatially resolved SNVs in tumor microenvironments.

Background: The dynamics of single-nucleotide variants (SNVs) play a critical role in understanding tumor development, yet their influence on shaping tumor microenvironments remains largely unexplored. Spatial transcriptomics offers an opportunity to map SNVs within the tumor context, potentially uncovering new insights into tumor microenvironment dynamics.

Results: This study developed SpatialSNV for identifying effective SNVs across tumor sections using multiple spatial transcriptomics platforms.

TET2 orchestrates YAP signaling to potentiate targetable vulnerability in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of global cancer-associated mortality. Although various therapies have substantially ameliorated clinical outcome, patients invariably suffer from cancer relapse, highlighting the need for more optimized therapeutic strategies. Here, we report that deficiency of DNA methylcytosine dioxygenase TET2 sensitizes HCC cells to sorafenib and verteporfin treatments.

High-Performance Vertical-Structure Photodetector Based on Large Lateral-Size Lead-Free CsBiI Perovskite Nanoplatelets.

Halide perovskites hold significant promise for photodetection applications due to their high carrier mobility, long carrier diffusion lengths, and solution-processing compatibility. However, lead toxicity in lead-based perovskites and the indirect bandgap nature of lead-free perovskites have limited their practical application. In this work, a solution-based method is used to synthesize lead-free Bi-based CsBiI perovskite nanoplatelets (NPs) in situ with large lateral sizes, high crystallinity, and smooth surface.

Nano-drug codelivery system of vincristine and gemcitabine loaded hyaluronan-altered hollow mesoporous silica nanoparticles: investigation of in vitro drug release and anticancer activity in pancreatic cancer cells.

This study involves the co-loading of Vincristine (VC) and Gemcitabine (GT), two anticancer compounds, into hollow mesoporous silica nanoparticles (HA-SS-HMS) to specifically target pancreatic cancer cells, utilizing targeting and capping agent of hyaluronic acid (HA) and redox-sensitive linkers of S-S bonds. Well-dispersed HA-SS-HMS are fabricated with a diameter of less than 150 nm. Comprehensive chemical-physical characterization of the fabricated HA-SS-HMS utilized FTIR, FE-SEM, TEM, DLS, TGA, and BET techniques.

p53 inhibits OTUD5 transcription to promote GPX4 degradation and induce ferroptosis in gastric cancer.

Background: Gastric cancer is one of the most prevalent malignant tumors within the digestive system, and ferroptosis playing a crucial role in its progression. Glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), a key negative regulator of ferroptosis, is highly expressed in gastric cancer and contributes to tumor growth. Targeting the regulation of GPX4 has emerged as a promising approach to induce ferroptosis and develop effective therapy for gastric cancer.

Effects of 8-week supplementation on exercise-induced oxidative stress: A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled parallel clinical trial.

Background: Given curcumin's antioxidant properties, this study aimed to determine the effectiveness and safety of Theracurmin Super supplementation in mitigating exercise-induced oxidative stress in healthy adults.

Methods: Seventy-one healthy adults participated in this study, which was conducted at Seoul National University from April 2022 to March 2023. Eligibility was determined during visit 1 through maximum oxygen consumption assessed using the Bruce Treadmill protocol.

A XGBoost-Based Prediction Method for Meat Sheep Transport Stress Using Wearable Photoelectric Sensors and Infrared Thermometry.

Transportation pressure poses a serious threat to the health of live sheep and the quality of their meat. So, the edible Hu sheep was chosen as the research object for meat sheep. We constructed a systematic biosignal detecting, processing, and modeling method.

Dispersive terahertz metasurface fed by a horn antenna for highly oriented 2D beam steering.

Highly oriented beam steering will enhance power density and field of view (FOV) in terahertz wireless links. Metasurface can be constructed by deliberate arrangement of subwavelength meta-cells to manipulate the wavefront. This paper explores a dispersive metasurface with a specific phase gradient patterned in a 2-inch aperture, allowing for collimated beamforming and two-dimensional (2D) beam steering by a combination of frequency tuning and metasurface rotation.

Kinect-Based Mixed Reality Exercise Program Improves Physical Function and Quality of Life in Breast Cancer Survivors: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Purpose: Exercise is an effective non-pharmacological approach for alleviating treatment-related adverse effects and enhancing physical fitness in breast cancer survivors. A Kinect-based mixed reality device (KMR), with real-time feedback and user data collection, is an innovative exercise intervention for breast cancer survivors. This study aimed to investigate the effect of KMR exercise program on quality of life (QOL) and physical function in breast cancer survivors.

Effects of High-Intensity Interval Walking on Cognitive and Physical Functions in Older Adults: A Randomized Pilot Study.

Background: Walking is widely recognized as a prevalent form of daily exercise worldwide. However, fewer studies have explored the health outcomes of different intensities of walking exercise for older adults. Thus, the study aimed to investigate the effects of walking at different exercise intensities on body composition, emotions, cognition, and physical function among older adults.

RETRACTED: Yang et al. How Does Physical Activity Enhance the Subjective Well-Being of University Students? A Chain Mediation of Cognitive Reappraisal and Resilience. 2024, , 164.

The journal retracts the article titled, "How Does Physical Activity Enhance the Subjective Well-Being of University Students [...

Corrigendum to "Enhancing physical and cognitive function in older adults through walking & resistance exercise: Korean national aging project randomized controlled study" [J Exercise Sci Fitness 22 (4) (October 2024) 383-389].

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.jesf.

Enhancing physical and cognitive function in older adults through walking & resistance exercise: Korean national aging project randomized controlled study.

Background: The rapid aging of Korea's population underscores the urgent need for effective programs to enhance the well-being and longevity of the elderly. This study presents preliminary results from the Korean project, examining the impact of cost-effective and accessible exercise programs on functional performance of older people and to determine the long-term maintenance of intervention.

Methods: We randomized 90 older adults aged ≥65 years to the walking group (WG), resistance + walking (RWG), or active control (CG) group.

Effect of mixed protein supplementation on golf performance and muscle function: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.

Background: As a relatively novel approach to enhancing skeletal muscle health, mixed protein supplementation has shown similar responses to whey protein. However, no previous studies have examined its impact on golf swing performance. This study aimed to examine the effect of mixed protein supplementation on the swing performance and muscle strength of casual golfers.