An Abscess Formation Within Craniofacial Fibrous Dysplasia of the Maxilla.

Fibrous dysplasia, a rare skeletal disorder marked by replacement of normal bone with fibrous tissue and disorganized woven bone, most commonly affects the craniofacial region. Although craniofacial fibrous dysplasia (CFD) typically progresses slowly and remains asymptomatic, it can occasionally give rise to complications. The authors report a unique case of an intralesional abscess within maxillary CFD in an 88-year-old man presenting with acute facial pain and swelling.

Recommendation for use of a long-acting monoclonal antibody to prevent respiratory syncytial virus infection in infants and young children.

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a leading cause of acute lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) in infants and young children. In April 2024, the Korea Ministry of Food and Drug Safety approved nirsevimab (Beyfortus), a long-acting monoclonal antibody, as a passive immunization to prevent RSV-associated LRTI among infants and young children. Nirsevimab was launched in Korea in February 2025.

Weissella cibaria SGW054 alleviates neurodegenerative progression in Proteus mirabilis- and 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-induced Parkinson's disease mice by regulating gut microbiota dysbiosis.

Emerging evidence suggests that gut microbiota dysbiosis contributes to the initial stages of neuroinflammation and dopaminergic neurodegeneration in Parkinson's disease (PD). Probiotics are receiving attention as a treatment for PD because they restore gut microbiota balance and brain homeostasis. In this study, we demonstrated that Weissella cibaria SGW054 (SGW054), a probiotic strain, exhibited antibacterial activity against Proteus mirabilis (PM), which induces PD pathology.

Lactococcus lactis and Bifidobacterium longum attenuate Clostridioides difficile- or Clostridium symbiosum-induced colitis and depression/anxiety-like behavior in male mice.

Clostridioides difficile causes severe colitis, which induces neuroinflammation and psychiatric disorder. In a preliminary study, we isolated Clostridium symbiosum from the stools of patients with ulcerative colitis. Therefore, we first examined whether oral infection with C.

Altered Gut Microbiota and Predicted Immune Dysregulation in Early Childhood SARS-CoV-2 Infection.

The gut microbiome plays a key role in immune regulation. Young children experience rapid microbiome development, yet data on its alteration during severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection remain limited. This study aimed to characterize gut microbiome changes and immune-related pathway alterations in young children with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Anti-Neuroinflammation Effect of Standardized Ethanol Extract of Leaves of var. on Aβ-Induced Alzheimer's Disease-like Mouse Model.

var. Kudo, a member of the Lamiaceae family, has been previously reported to reduce neuroinflammation and potentially decrease Aβ plaque accumulation in 5XFAD mice. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the anti-neuroinflammatory potential of a standardized 60% ethanol extract of Perilla leaves (PE), optimized for commercial application.

Extraction of saponins from soapnut and their application in controlling ammonia and particulate matter.

Synthetic surfactants have been associated with environmental concerns, requiring their replacement with natural alternatives such as saponins. In this study, saponin extraction from soapnut was optimized using the reflux method through the Box-Behnken design and response surface methodology (RSM). Foams generated from the saponin solution were evaluated for effectiveness in ammonia and particulate matter (PM) removal, along with foam characteristic analysis.

Isolation, Characterization, and Anticancer Evaluation of Alkaloids from (Rubiaceae).

The dimeric (-)-calycanthine (), the hexameric (+)-oleoidine (), the heptameric (+)-caledonine (), the octameric (+)-eumatanine (), and a tricyclic pyrroloquinoline alkaloid, eumatricine (), are alkaloids isolated from the leaves of ; compounds and are novel, previously uncharacterized alkaloids. Preliminary anticancer assays, including MTT, cell count, and clonogenic assays, revealed potent inhibition of cell growth and colony formation by compounds against seven carcinoma cell lines (including breast, colorectal, lung, and glioblastoma multiforme cell lines). The GI values of compounds ranged from 0.

Distributed Quantum Sensing with Multimode N00N States.

Distributed quantum sensing, which estimates a global parameter across distant nodes, has attracted significant interest for applications such as quantum imaging, sensor networks, and global-scale clock synchronization. N00N states are regarded as one of the optimal quantum resources for quantum metrology, enabling the Heisenberg scaling. Recently, the concept of N00N states has been extended to multimode N00N states for quantum-enhanced multiple-parameter estimation.

Predictive role of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and immune phenotype for pembrolizumab in relapsed or refractory thymic carcinoma.

Background: Pembrolizumab is a promising treatment option for platinum-failed thymic carcinoma; however, the lack of established predictive biomarkers remains a challenge. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the predictive value of artificial intelligence (AI)-powered tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte (TIL) analysis of pembrolizumab for thymic carcinoma.

Methods: Patients with platinum-failed, advanced thymic carcinoma treated with pembrolizumab between January 2016 and December 2021 were included.

Dysregulation of bile acid metabolism in patients with colorectal cancer.

Bile acid (BA) metabolism and signaling may influence cancer risk. We investigated differences in circulating BA composition between healthy controls and patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) and assessed the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in CRC cell lines exposed to chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA). BA, C4, and fibroblast growth factor-19 (FGF19) concentrations in serum samples from 70 controls and 133 patients with CRC were analyzed.

The efficacy of hyperthermia-based multimodal therapy is dependent on gatekeeper protein, BID.

Objectives: The combination of ferroptotic agent artesunate (ART) and apoptotic agent rhTRAIL (recombinant human tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand) has been shown to synergistically enhance apoptosis in various cancer cell lines via crosstalk between the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response, the rhTRAIL-induced extrinsic cell death receptor pathway, and the intrinsic BID-Bax-mitochondrial-dependent-apoptosis pathway. This synergistic interaction has been demonstrated to be effective in multiple types of cancer cell lines, making artesunate combined with rhTRAIL a promising second-line therapy for colon cancer patients after cytoreductive surgery and chemotherapeutic treatments. To further enhance the second-line therapy's tumoricidal effect, a multimodal therapy was developed by combining artesunate, rhTRAIL, and hyperthermic conditions where samples were treated at 42 °C for 1 h.

Graft Treatment for Rotator Cuff Tendon-Bone Interface Augmentation: Status and Prospects-A Narrative Review.

Sutures and suture anchors are commonly used in rotator cuff repairs as they offer cost-effective and mechanically robust solutions for tendon-bone interface (TBI) healing. However, in large to massive rotator cuff tears, where substantial tendon loss and limited intrinsic healing potential are present, conventional repair techniques alone often fail to restore the native biomechanics and structural integrity. Consequently, retear rates in these cases remain unacceptably high.

Dietary β-Carotene, Vitamin A, and Retinol Intake and Prevalence of Colorectal Adenoma: A Cross-Sectional Study and Meta-Analysis.

Background/aims: Antioxidants may offer protection against colorectal cancer, but their association with colorectal adenomas remains unclear due to variations in study design, population, and dietary factors. We investigated the relationship between dietary intake of β-carotene, vitamin A, and retinol and the prevalence of colorectal adenoma using food frequency questionnaires (FFQs) and colonoscopy data.

Methods: We recruited participants undergoing elective colonoscopy across eight medical institutions.

Structure of the Lipopolysaccharide from : A Chemical Perspective on Immune Recognition.

Gram-negative bacterium , which is increasingly prevalent in elderly individuals, is associated with cognitive decline and gut-brain axis dysfunction. Here, we present a comprehensive structural characterization of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a key modulator of immune recognition and the main component of its outer membrane. Using a multidisciplinary approach combining chemical, spectroscopic, spectrometric, biophysical and computational methods, we unveil a unique O-antigen characterized by a trisaccharide repeating unit containing rhamnose and glucosamine, displaying nonstoichiometric O-acetylation and a terminal methylated rhamnose capping the saccharide chain.

Population pharmacokinetics of levofloxacin in drug-susceptible and drug-resistant tuberculosis patients: Optimal dose suggestion based on renal function.

Background: Levofloxacin (LFX) has gained attention as an effective drug to reduce treatment duration in tuberculosis (TB). We aimed to evaluate factors related to interindividual variability (IIV) and describe the pharmacokinetics (PK) of LFX in both DS- and DR-TB, as well as explore the optimal dose for TB treatment.

Methods: We included demographics, clinical information, and LFX concentrations from multinational hospitals.

Transcriptomic Insights into GABA Accumulation in Tomato via CRISPR/Cas9-Based Editing of and .

Background: -Aminobutyric acid (GABA) is a non-proteinogenic amino acid with key roles in plant metabolism, stress responses, and fruit nutritional quality. In tomato (), GABA levels are dynamically regulated during fruit development but decline in the late ripening stages.

Methods: To enhance GABA accumulation, we used CRISPR/Cas9 to edit the calmodulin-binding domain (CaMBD) of and , which encode glutamate decarboxylases (GADs).

3-(Aminomethyl)piperidinium Spacer-Induced Dion-Jacobson 2D Perovskite Beneath CsPbI for Stable and Efficient Inorganic Perovskite Solar Cells.

For the inorganic perovskite CsPbI, while many strategies have focused on passivating the top surface, engineering the interface beneath the perovskite layer remains a critical yet underexplored avenue, primarily due to the high crystallization temperature and the dissolution of underlying layers during solution processing. Here, these longstanding challenges are addressed by introducing a strategic placement of a Dion-Jacobson quasi-2D perovskite layer beneath CsPbI. Specifically, 3-(aminomethyl)piperidinium iodide (3AMPI), an organic salt insoluble in the CsPbI precursor solution, is employed to form a robust quasi-2D interlayer without degradation during perovskite deposition and annealing.

Predicted pro-inflammatory high-sensitivity C-reactive protein score and inflammatory bowel disease: a cross-sectional study.

Background/aims: The role of pro-inflammatory factors in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), is not well understood. This study investigated the association between the predicted pro-inflammatory high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) score and IBD.

Methods: This study involved 127 case/non-case pairs matched by age and sex of participants who underwent gastrointestinal endoscopy in Korea.

Harmonious Layer Design in Wide-Bandgap p-i-n Perovskite Solar Cells Using Carbazole and Triazatruxene-Based Molecules.

Recent advancements in self-assembled monolayer (SAM) molecules have enhanced device efficiency and stability in wide-band gap perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Although numerous mixed SAM strategies enhance hole extraction, comprehending the morphology of surfaces with two or more different deposited SAMs remains challenging. Contact angle analysis is employed to understand the SAM ratio and correlate it with device efficiency.