Febrile Seizures at Early Childhood and Subsequent Fine Motor Skill Delays at Age Six: Insights from a Comprehensive Population-Based Cohort Study.

Introduction: Febrile seizures, the most common childhood seizures, raise concerns about their impact on neurodevelopment due to their overlap with central nervous system development. This study examined the influence of febrile seizures on neurodevelopment.

Methods: Data were analyzed from the Korean National Health Insurance System for children born between 2009 and 2011.

The Association Between Respiratory Viruses and Asthma Exacerbation in Children Visiting Pediatric Emergency Department: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Respiratory viral infections are a major cause of asthma exacerbations. However, studies examining the association between symptoms, signs, treatments, outcomes of asthma exacerbations, and various respiratory viruses in children are limited. This study aims to investigate the association between respiratory viral infections and clinical symptoms and signs, treatment, and hospital admission in children with asthma exacerbations visiting the pediatric emergency department.

Association between Kawasaki disease and subsequent autoimmune disease: National cohort study of adolescents with 12-year follow-up from birth.

Background: There is little known about the association of Kawasaki disease with autoimmune diseases. This 12-year follow-up study determined the risk for an autoimmune disease in children who had Kawasaki disease.

Methods: All individuals born in South Korea between 2002 and 2005 were identified using the National Health Insurance Service's (NHIS) database.

National trends in the prevalence and recurrence of anaphylaxis across all ages: The role of neighborhood deprivation and comorbidity (2002-2019).

Background: Understanding the trends of anaphylaxis and risk factors associated with its recurrence is essential for the effective management and prevention of this condition.

Objective: This study aimed to analyze the prevalence trends of anaphylaxis and identify risk factors for recurrence, with a focus on the influence of neighborhood deprivation and comorbidities, across all age groups.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective administrative cohort study on anaphylaxis utilizing the National Health Insurance-National Sample Cohort (NHIS-NSC) database in Korea (2002-2019).

Efficacies of different treatment strategies for infants hospitalized with acute bronchiolitis.

Background: Acute bronchiolitis is a common cause of hospitalization during infancy that carries significant morbidity and mortality rates.

Purpose: This study compared the efficacy of different treatment modalities for infants with bronchiolitis in terms of hospital stay and clinical severity scores.

Methods: The PubMed database was searched for relevant studies.

Diverse weaning foods and diet patterns at multiple time points during infancy period and their association with neurodevelopmental outcomes in 6-year-old children.

Background/objectives: Understanding the impact of early-life nutritional choices on neurodevelopment in children is a growing area of research. To investigate the association between dietary patterns at multiple timelines and neurodevelopmental outcomes in 6-year-old children.

Subjects/methods: This administrative observational study utilized a merged data from the national health insurance database and the health screening program for children.

Consumption of Sugar-Sweetened Beverages before 2 Years of Age and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder.

Introduction: This study examined the association between sugar-sweetened beverage consumption before the first 24 months of life and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

Methods: A population administrative cohort study was conducted in Korea (2008-2019) using linked national insurance data and a health screening survey. The cohort included 25,305 children in the exposed group with high sugar-sweetened beverage drinks (≥200 mL) and 339,931 in the reference groups (<200 mL) at 24 months of age.

Age-related effects of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection and subsequent asthma exacerbation in children.

Background: Mycoplasma pneumoniae causes community-acquired pneumonia in children and increases asthma risk, but large studies are lacking.

Objective: To assess the link between M. pneumoniae infection and to asthma exacerbation, in children with allergies, and age of infection impact.

Rotavirus Hospitalization in Early Childhood: Fine Motor Skills and Cognition at 6 Years Old in a Population-Based Cohort Study.

Rotavirus is linked to severe childhood gastroenteritis and neurological complications, but its impact on neurodevelopment remains uncertain. We examined data from 1 420 941 Korean children born between 2009 and 2011, using the Korean National Health Insurance System. We assessed neurodevelopmental outcomes at age 6 years using the validated Korean Developmental Test, covering 6 major domains, with propensity score-based inverse probability weighting including consideration of covariates sex, birth weight, changes in body weight from birth to 4-6 months of age, head circumference at 4-6 months of age, residence at birth, economic status, infant feeding types, and birth year.

Unraveling the link between atopic dermatitis and autoimmune diseases in children: Insights from a large-scale cohort study with 15-year follow-up and shared gene ontology analysis.

Background: Atopic dermatitis and autoimmune diseases are highly heritable conditions that may co-occur from an early age.

Methods: The primary study is a national administrative cohort study involving 499,428 children born in 2002, tracked until 2017. Atopic dermatitis was defined as five or more principal diagnoses of atopic dermatitis and two or more topical steroid prescriptions.

Associations of personal urinary volatile organic compounds and lung function in children.

Background: We investigated the correlation between urine VOC metabolites and airway function in children exposed to anthropogenic volatile organic compounds (VOCs), notable pollutants impacting respiratory health.

Methods: Out of 157 respondents, 141 completed skin prick tests, spirometry, IOS, and provided urine samples following the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC)-related questions. Allergic sensitization was assessed through skin prick tests, and airway functions were evaluated using spirometry and impulse oscillometry (IOS).

Associations between Delayed Introduction of Complementary Foods and Childhood Health Consequences in Exclusively Breastfed Children.

The timing of complementary food (CF) introduction is closely related to childhood health, and it may vary depending on the region, culture, feeding type, or health condition. Despite numerous studies on the benefits of breastfeeding and the optimal timing of CF introduction, there have been limited investigations regarding delayed CF introduction in exclusively breastfed children. We compared an exposed group (CF introduction ≥7 months) with a reference group (CF introduction at 4 -< 7 months) regarding hospital admission, disease burden, and growth until age 10.

Association between atopic dermatitis and school readiness in preschool children.

Background: Although atopic dermatitis (AD) in children affects diverse stages of life, no studies have reported on the association between school readiness and AD.

Methods: This study used Korean National Health Insurance data and the Health Screening Program for Infants and Children. Among all children born between 2008 and 2012 in Korea, those who were assessed for school readiness through questionnaires in a health screening program performed at 54 and 60 months old were enrolled.

Infant Feeding Pattern Clusters Are Associated with Childhood Health Outcomes.

(1) Background: Feeding behavior habits have a pattern with a certain tendency during infancy. We aimed to identify the associations between feeding patterns in infancy and the subsequent 10-year childhood disease burden. (2) Methods: Data from 236,372 infants were obtained from the national health insurance and screening program records in South Korea.

Assessment of Neurodevelopment and Growth in Congenital Hypothyroidism: Serial 6-Year Follow-up Study of 408 Patients.

Context: The link between congenital hypothyroidism (CH) and neurodevelopment is suggested, yet studies applying quantifiable measures are lacking. Moreover, socioeconomic disparities and subtle variation in timing of approach make the relationship difficult to detect.

Objective: To evaluate associations between CH and abnormalities in neurodevelopment and growth and determine the critical period for intervention.