Anti-Neuroinflammation Effect of Standardized Ethanol Extract of Leaves of var. on Aβ-Induced Alzheimer's Disease-like Mouse Model.

var. Kudo, a member of the Lamiaceae family, has been previously reported to reduce neuroinflammation and potentially decrease Aβ plaque accumulation in 5XFAD mice. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the anti-neuroinflammatory potential of a standardized 60% ethanol extract of Perilla leaves (PE), optimized for commercial application.

Chronic stress-related behavioral and synaptic changes require caspase-3 activation in the ventral hippocampus of male mice.

Although numerous studies have suggested that chronic stress is a major risk factor for major depressive disorder, the process by which stress causes depression is still not fully understood. Previously, we investigated glucocorticoids, which are stress response hormones that activate a synapse-weakening pathway. Therefore, we hypothesized that chronic stress may cause synaptic depression, which could reduce excitability related to emotions.

The Potential Effects of 2,3,4-Trihydroxybenzophenone on the Transient Cerebral Ischemic Stroke in Male Mice.

Acute ischemic stroke is a cerebrovascular disease associated with high mortality and severe aftereffects which is caused by the blockage of cerebral blood vessels by a thrombus or embolus. Treatments for this condition are extremely limited. Herein, we aimed to explore the potential of 2,3,4-trihydroxybenzophenone (THB), a drug that suppresses oxidative stress and neuroinflammation, to promote functional recovery through neurite outgrowth, and to identify its protective effects in a mouse model of ischemic stroke.

3,4,5-trimethoxycinnamic acid methyl ester isolated from Polygala tenuifolia enhances hippocampal LTP through PKA and calcium-permeable AMPA receptor.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a degenerative brain disorder characterized by progressive cognitive decline and neuronal death due to extracellular deposition of amyloid β (Aβ) and intracellular deposition of tau proteins. Recently approved antibody drugs targeting Aβ have been shown to slow the progression of the disease, but they have minimal effects on cognitive improvement. Therefore, there is a need to develop drugs with cognitive-enhancing effects that can be used in conjunction with these antibody treatments.

Hyperoside improves learning and memory deficits by amyloid β in mice through regulating synaptic calcium-permeable AMPA receptors.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common degenerative disease and is indicative of dementia. The cerebral accumulation of amyloid β (Aβ), a crucial factor in AD, initiates synaptic and cognitive dysfunction. Therefore, the elevation of synaptic and cognitive functions may help manage dementia in AD.