Effects of antidepressant exposures on a stream detrital food chain: Microbial decomposers and invertebrate detritivores.

Antidepressants are often found in freshwater ecosystems, yet their potential impacts on ecological processes and species interactions remain poorly understood. This study assessed the ecological influence of fluoxetine and amitriptyline at environmentally realistic levels (1-100 ng L) on a detritus-based food chain that encompasses microbial decomposers and freshwater snails. In the experiment, we monitored the responses of microbial decomposers (biomass and enzyme activity), and Cipangopaludina cathayensis (consumption rates and antioxidant capacity), as well as leaf litter traits (decomposition rate and nutrient content).

Architectural engineering of metal-organic framework-derived hierarchical hydrangea-like NiPS/C for superior sodium-ion storage.

Two-dimensional (2D) layered NiPS has drawn considerable attention as a promising anode candidate for alkali-ion batteries, boasting tunable electronic configurations and high theoretical capacity (∼1296.8mAh g). However, two fundamental challenges impede its practical application: irreversible nanosheet restacking during synthesis seriously compromising Na ion diffusion, and structural collapse during cycling causing catastrophic capacity fade.

Resolution-enhanced real-time Jones matrix measuring via Kramers-Kronig relations.

Off-axis holography is widely employed for dynamic Jones matrix measurements; however, the spatial bandwidth of the retrievable object is restricted due to the partitioning of the spectral plane. In this study, we introduce a resolution enhancement method for single-shot Jones matrix measurements based on the Kramers-Kronig relations. Analytic functions, derived directly from a single intensity measurement, are employed to eliminate the autocorrelation spectrum in the off-axis interferogram, thereby enhancing the space-bandwidth product by a factor of 2.

Bidirectional Thermochromic Hydrogel with Wide Response Temperature Regulation for Smart Windows.

Thermochromic smart windows have been extensively investigated for solar regulation and building energy management to reduce building energy consumption. However, most current smart windows respond to only a single fixed temperature, failing to meet both energy-saving and privacy needs. To overcome this limitation, a series of composite hydrogels (KNSG) with bidirectional temperature-responsive properties were developed by introducing sodium dodecyl sulfate/sodium chloride (SDS/NaCl) micelles and κ-carrageenan (KCA) into a poly(-isopropylacrylamide/glycerol (PNIPAM/Gl) matrix.

Construction strategies of whole tumor cell vaccines.

Whole tumor cell vaccines (WTCVs), which utilize the entire tumor antigen repertoire to elicit robust and personalized anti-tumor immunity, have emerged as a promising strategy to overcome tumor heterogeneity and immune evasion. However, the development of WTCVs has very limited benefits in the clinical setting. This paper systematically reviews the cutting-edge construction strategies of WTCVs including dead tumor cell-based vaccines and engineered living tumor cell-based vaccines with a particular focus on the impact of structural integrity on the immune response of WTCVs.

Discontinuous and sidelobe-free zeroth-order Bessel correlation beams with on-demand tailored intensity profiles along arbitrary trajectories.

We present a novel class, to the best of our knowledge, of the zeroth-order Bessel correlation beams (BCBs) with breakthrough capabilities in sidelobe suppression and beam customization. Distinguished from their fully coherent counterparts, our coherence-engineered BCBs achieve unprecedented performance, including near-total sidelobe elimination, controllable discontinuous intensity profiles, and customized segmentation along arbitrary trajectories, such as helical and Archimedean spiral paths. These features make BCBs highly suitable for application in laser direct writing, microscopic imaging, and particle manipulation.

Pose detection and localization of pineapple fruit picking based on improved litehrnet.

To achieve accurate detection of the pineapple fruit picking area and pose under complex backgrounds and varying lighting conditions, this study proposes a pineapple keypoint detection model (LTHRNet) based on an improved LiteHRNet. Image data of pineapple fruits under different lighting conditions were collected, and six keypoints were defined to characterize the morphological features of the fruit. In the model design, LTHRNet incorporates the LKA_Stem module to enhance initial feature extraction, the D-Mixer module to capture both global and local feature relationships, and the MS-FFN module to achieve multi-scale feature fusion.

Uptake, subcellular accumulation and metabolism of C-bisphenol S in flowering cabbage.

Due to the growing environmental and health concerns surrounding bisphenol S (BPS) as a common bisphenol A (BPA) substitute, this study investigated the metabolic pathways and tissue-specific accumulation of BPS in flowering cabbage under hydroponic conditions, revealing key insights into plant detoxification processes and potential human health risks. Over a 32-day exposure of 5 mg LC-BPS, 60.2 ± 3.

Pancreatic cancer-restricted cryptic antigens are targets for T cell recognition.

Translation of the noncoding genome in cancer can generate cryptic (noncanonical) peptides capable of presentation by human leukocyte antigen class I (HLA-I); however, the cancer specificity and immunogenicity of noncanonical HLA-I-bound peptides (ncHLAp) are incompletely understood. Using high-resolution immunopeptidomics, we discovered that cryptic peptides are abundant in the pancreatic cancer immunopeptidome. Approximately 30% of ncHLAp exhibited cancer-restricted translation, and a substantial subset were shared among patients.

Scutellaria baicalensis stem and leaf combat chicken-derived respiratory bacterial infection.

The Chinese poultry industry has witnessed rapid development, with laying hens playing a pivotal role. However, the escalating demand has led to an exponential increase in the population of laying hens raised, resulting in emerging challenges. Particularly during bacterial infections, substantial losses can be incurred.

Postselection-Free Cavity-Enhanced Narrow-Band Orbital Angular Momentum Entangled Photon Source.

Cavity-enhanced spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC) provides a significant way to produce ∼10  MHz narrow-band photon pairs, which matches the bandwidth of photon for quantum memory. However, the output photon pairs from the cavity are not entangled, and postselection is required to create the entanglement so far, so the direct output of cavity-enhanced narrow-band entangled photon pairs is still an open challenge. Here, we propose a solution that realizes the first postselection-free cavity-enhanced narrow-band entangled photon pairs.

Influence of antidepressants on stream microbiota: Consequences for leaf itter breakdown and nutrient cycling.

As an emerging pollutant, antidepressants in wastewater have received extensive attention due to their metabolic stability and antimicrobial activity in aquatic systems. However, the scarcity of experimental data limits the validation of their potential impacts on ecosystem functionality. This study examined the effects of fluoxetine and amitriptyline (0-100 ng L) on microbial decomposers in stream ecosystems.

Association between TRMT61B gene polymorphism and Wilms tumor susceptibility in Chinese children.

Background: Wilms tumor is among the most common pediatric malignant tumors. Although mA modification influences the structure and function of RNA and participates in tumorigenesis, the relationship between mA methyltransferase TRMT61B gene polymorphisms and Wilms tumor susceptibility is unclear.

Methods: We examined the relationship between TRMT61B gene rs4563180 G > C polymorphism (detected by TaqMan probe method) in 414 children with Wilms tumor and 1199 healthy controls.

Tunable polarization entangled photon-pair source in rhombohedral boron nitride.

Entangled photon-pair sources are pivotal in various quantum applications. Miniaturizing the quantum devices to meet the requirement in limited space applications drives the search for ultracompact entangled photon-pair sources. The rise of two-dimensional (2D) semiconductors has been demonstrated as ultracompact entangled photon-pair sources.

Design and validation of a real-time cassava planter seed quality monitoring system based on optical fiber sensors and rotary encoders.

Targeting the issues of seed leakage and cutting segment adhesion due to poor seed feeding and cutting in real-time seed-cutting cassava planters, this study developed a seeding quality monitoring system. Based on the structure and working principle of the seed cutting and discharging device, the installation methods of the matrix fiber optic sensor and rotary encoder were determined. By combining the operational characteristics of the planter's ground wheel drive with seed cutting and seed dropping, a monitoring model correlating the sowing parameters with seed dropping time was established; a monitoring window was created by extracting and processing the rotary encoder pulse signal, and the number of seeds sown after each opposing cutter's operation was calculated based on the pulse width information within the monitoring window.

Ultrathin surface coating of conductive and zincophilic titanium oxynitride enables stable zinc anodes for aqueous zinc-ion batteries.

The lifespan of aqueous zinc ion batteries (AZIB) has been hindered by the instability of zinc anodes, encountering challenges such as irregular dendritic growth, corrosion and hydrogen evolution reactions. In this study, we address these challenges by employing atomic-layer deposition (ALD) to create an ultrathin, conductive titanium oxynitride (TiNO) coating with abundant zincophilic sites. This atomic-scale coating serves as a bi-functional barrier that isolates the zinc metal from the electrolyte, thereby reducing spontaneous corrosion and mitigating hydrogen evolution.

Forkhead box protein FOXK1 disrupts the circadian rhythm to promote breast tumorigenesis in response to insulin resistance.

The dysregulation of circadian rhythm oscillation is a prominent feature of various solid tumors. Thus, clarifying the molecular mechanisms that maintain the circadian clock is important. In the present study, we revealed that the transcription factor forkhead box FOXK1 functions as an oncogene in breast cancer.

3D Reconstruction From a Single Sketch via View-Dependent Depth Sampling.

Reconstructing a 3D shape based on a single sketch image is challenging due to the inherent sparsity and ambiguity present in sketches. Existing methods lose fine details when extracting features to predict 3D objects from sketches. Upon analyzing the 3D-to-2D projection process, we observe that the density map, characterizing the distribution of 2D point clouds, can serve as a proxy to facilitate the reconstruction process.

Effects of nanoplastic exposure routes on leaf decomposition in streams.

Polystyrene nanoparticles (PS NPs) released from plastic products have been demonstrated to pose a threat to leaf litter decomposition in streams. Given the multitrophic systems of species interactions, the effects of PS NPs through different exposure routes on ecosystem functioning remain unclear. Especially dietary exposure, a frequently overlooked pathway leading to toxicity, deserves more attention.

Response of a simulated aquatic fungal community to nanoplastics exposure and functional consequence on leaf decomposition.

Nanoplastics pose a potential threat to a wide variety of aquatic organisms. Despite the awareness of this existing hazard, the impact of nanoplastics on natural fungal communities remains a research gap. In this study, five dominant fungi species, isolated from a stream ecosystem, were used to explore the effects of different nano-polystyrene (nano-PS) particles concentrations on a simulated fungal community.

Longitudinal manipulation of local nonseparability in vector beams.

The inherent nonseparability of vector beams presents a unique opportunity to explore novel optical functionalities, expanding new degrees of freedom for optical information processing. In this Letter, we introduce a novel, to the best of our knowledge, method for tailoring the local nonseparability along the propagation axis of vector beams. Employing higher-order Bessel vector beams, the longitudinal control over the local nonseparability is achieved through targeted amplitude modulation of constituent orthogonal polarization components within the main ring region.

Lagging pollution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the rebuilt e-waste site: From the perspective of characteristics, sources, and risk assessment.

Little information is known regarding how the lagged pollution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) influenced the environment and human health after an e-waste dismantling site was rebuilt. This study investigated the characteristics, sources, and risk assessment of PAHs in a rebuilt e-waste site and its surrounding farmland by analyzing the samples of soil, dust, water, and vegetable. Concentrations of PAHs in soil, vegetable and water in the rebuilt site were relatively higher than in its surrounding farmland.

Impaired meningeal lymphatic drainage in infection.

Previous studies have demonstrated an association between lymphatic vessels and diseases caused by bacterial infections. (LM) bacterial infection can affect multiple organs, including the intestine, brain, liver and spleen, which can be fatal. However, the impacts of LM infection on morphological and functional changes of lymphatic vessels remain unexplored.

Potential diagnostic markers shared between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and atherosclerosis determined by machine learning and bioinformatic analysis.

Background: Evidence indicates that chronic non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) can increase the risk of atherosclerosis (AS), but the underlying mechanism remains unclear.

Objective: This study is intended for confirming key genes shared between NAFLD and AS, and their clinical diagnostic value to establish a foundation for searching novel therapeutic targets.

Methods: We downloaded the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets, GSE48452 and GSE89632 for NAFLD and GSE100927, GSE40231 and GSE28829 for AS.