Exploring the determinants of unhealthy dietary behaviors among pregnant women in China using the Theory of Planned Behavior-a cross-sectional study.

Background: Pregnant women in China are at risk of malnutrition due to an interplay of physiological, psychosocial, and environmental factors. Understanding the factors influencing dietary behaviors in pregnant women is vital for promoting maternal and infant health. This study explores the determinants of dietary behaviors among pregnant women in China based on the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB).

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus Rats Induce Anxiety-Depression-Like Behavior in Offspring: Association with Neuroinflammation and NF-κB Pathway.

The gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) rat model was established through a combination of high-fat diet and streptozotocin. GDM is a common disease during pregnancy with high morbidity, which is associated with a high risk of neurological changes in the offspring. Neuroinflammation plays an important role in the development of anxiety-depression-like behavior.

27-hydroxycholesterol impairs placental development via p53/p21/Cdk6 pathway: Implications for nutrient transport and cellular senescence.

Aberrant placental development and function contribute to various pregnancy complications. 27-hydroxycholesterol (27-OHC), a recognized mediator linking hypercholesterolemia and metabolic diseases, has an undefined role in placental development. This study investigates the impact of 27-OHC on placental development and its underlying mechanisms, particularly in relation to cellular senescence.

Integrative development of a concise screening questionnaire for early detection of pregnant women at risk for dystrophy.

Background: Maintaining a healthy diet during pregnancy is vital for reducing the risk of adverse birth outcomes. However, conventional methods of assessing the dietary behavior of pregnant women, such as the FFQ, are often time-consuming. This study aims to develop a concise nutritional screening questionnaire tailored for pregnant women, empowering prenatal healthcare providers to quickly identify key adverse dietary behaviors and provide targeted guidance.

Elevated serum cholesterol levels during pregnancy as predictors for postpartum hypercholesterolemia: A prospective cohort study.

Objective: To identify the associations between gestational cholesterol levels and the risk of postpartum hypercholesterolemia, and to establish trimester-specific reference values.

Methods: Serum lipids at gestational weeks 6-8, 16, 24, and 36, and 42 days postpartum were derived from 905 pregnant women of a prospective cohort. The major outcome was postpartum hypercholesterolemia.

Dosage-effect of selenium supplementation on blood glucose and oxidative stress in type 2 diabetes mellitus and normal mice.

Background: The effectiveness of selenium (Se) supplementation on glycemic control is disparate.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the effects of different dosages of Se diets on the blood glucose in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM, db/db) and normal (db/m) mice.

Methods: The db/db and db/m mice were fed with different dosages of Se supplemented diets (0, 0.

Nuclear Binding Protein 2/Nesfatin-1 Affects Trophoblast Cell Fusion during Placental Development via the EGFR-PLCG1-CAMK4 Pathway.

Previous studies have shown that nuclear binding protein 2 () is expressed in the human placenta and increases with an increase in the syncytialization of trophoblast cells. This study aimed to investigate the role of in the differentiation and fusion of trophectoderm cells. In this study, the expression levels of and E-cadherin in the placentas of rats at different gestation stages were investigated.

27-Hydroxycholesterol inhibits trophoblast fusion during placenta development by activating PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway.

Trophoblast cell syncytialization is essential for placental and fetal development. Abnormal trophoblast cell fusion leads to pregnancy pathologies, such as preeclampsia (PE), intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), and miscarriage. 27-hydroxycholesterol (27-OHC) is the most abundant oxysterol in human peripheral blood synthesized by sterol 27-hydroxylase (CYP27A1) and is considered a critical mediator between hypercholesterolemia and a variety of related disorders.

Oat β-glucan supplementation pre- and during pregnancy alleviates fetal intestinal immunity development damaged by gestational diabetes in rats.

Oat β-glucan (OG) has been shown to improve intestinal microecology in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), but the effect on fetal intestine health is unknown. Herein, we aimed to investigate the effects of OG supplementation during gestation in GDM dams on fetal intestinal immune development. OG was supplemented one week before mating until the end of the experiment.

Association of maternal HDL2-c concentration in the first trimester and the risk of large for gestational age birth.

Background: Maternal lipid levels during pregnancy are critical for fetal development. Recent studies revealed that high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) levels during pregnancy were negatively correlated with birthweight. High-density lipoprotein 2 cholesterol (HDL2-c) is one of the major subclasses of HDL-c, and its relationship with birthweight is unclear.

Nobiletin Inhibits Hypoxia-Induced Placental Damage via Modulating P53 Signaling Pathway.

In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of Nobiletin (NOB) on the placenta of Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats that had undergone reduced uterine perfusion pressure (RUPP) surgery and to evaluate the safety of NOB intervention during pregnancy. The results showed that NOB alleviated placental hypoxia, attenuated placental cell apoptosis, and inhibited placental damage in RUPP rats. No side effect of NOB intervention during pregnancy was observed.

Lipid Metabolic Genes and Maternal Supraphysiological Hypercholesterolemia: An Analysis of Maternal-fetal Interaction.

Context: The joint associations of maternal and fetal single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of lipid metabolic genes with the risk of maternal supraphysiological hypercholesterolemia (MSPH) are unclear.

Objective: This study aims to investigate the associations of maternal/fetal SNPs of APOE, LPL, LDLR, PCSK9, and SCARB1 with the risk of MSPH and explore whether the maternal-fetal pairing pattern of the risk alleles can affect MSPH risk.

Methods: A nested case-control study was conducted that included 182 pregnant women with MSPH and 182 with maternal physiological hypercholesterolemia.

Gut microbiota-derived metabolite trimethylamine-N-oxide and multiple health outcomes: an umbrella review and updated meta-analysis.

Background: Trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) is a gut microbiota-derived metabolite produced from dietary nutrients. Many studies have discovered that circulating TMAO concentrations are linked to a wide range of health outcomes.

Objectives: This study aimed to summarize health outcomes related to circulating TMAO concentrations.

Health effects of high serum calcium levels: Updated phenome-wide Mendelian randomisation investigation and review of Mendelian randomisation studies.

Background: Calcium plays a role in a wide range of biological functions. Here we conducted a phenome-wide Mendelian randomisation (MR-PheWAS) analysis and a systematic review for MR studies to comprehensively investigate the health effects of serum calcium.

Methods: One-hundred and thirty genetic variants strongly associated with serum calcium levels were used as instrumental variables.

Changes in serum TG levels during pregnancy and their association with postpartum hypertriglyceridemia: a population-based prospective cohort study.

Background: Blood lipid increases during gestation are considered a physiological adaption, and decrease after delivery. However, some adverse pregnancy outcomes are thought to be related to gestational lipid levels. Therefore, it is necessary to have a reference range for lipid changes during gestation.

Vitamin D alleviates cognitive impairment through regulating inflammatory stress in db/db mice.

Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have a higher risk to develop cognitive impairment. Several studies reported the potential roles of vitamin D in prevention of cognitive impairment, but the mechanism remains unclear. The present study aims to investigate the protective effects of vitamin D on cognitive impairment in db/db mice and to explore the possible mechanism.

Lipidomic profiles of maternal blood at the earlier stage of gestation and umbilical venous blood in response to supraphysiological hypercholesterolemia versus physiological hypercholesterolemia: An evidence of potential biomarkers and early intervention.

Background: To our knowledge, we lack a complete understanding of the lipidomes alterations caused by maternal supraphysiological hypercholesterolemia (MSPH) at the third trimester.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate lipidomes alterations in maternal and umbilical venous (UV) serum and explore the association between these alterations and MSPH.

Methods: We conducted a nest case-control study between maternal physiological hypercholesterolemia (MPH) and MSPH subjects during pregnancy.

Ginseng ( Meyer) Oligopeptides Protect Against Binge Drinking-Induced Liver Damage through Inhibiting Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Rats.

C.A. Meyer (ginseng) is an edible and traditional medicinal herb, which is reported to have a wide range of biological activity and pharmaceutical properties.

Milk Powder Co-Supplemented with Inulin and Resistant Dextrin Improves Glycemic Control and Insulin Resistance in Elderly Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A 12-Week Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.

Scope: The objective of the present study is to evaluate the effects of milk powder co-supplemented with inulin and resistant dextrin (MPCIR) on elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods And Results: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial is carried out among elderly T2DM patients. The subjects recruited from the community are randomly assigned to either the MPCIR group or placebo group for 12 weeks intervention.

Lipidomic analysis reveals the significant increase in diacylglycerophosphocholines in umbilical cord blood from pregnant women with gestational hypercholesterolemia.

Gestational hypercholesterolemia has been recognized as a risk factor of some pregnancy complications. We supposed that maternal hypercholesterolemia modified the lipid profile of the fetus. Thirty pregnant women with hypercholesterolemia and matched controls were recruited and cord blood was sampled.

Quercetin alleviates cell apoptosis and inflammation via the ER stress pathway in vascular endothelial cells cultured in high concentrations of glucosamine.

Glucosamine is a possible cause of vascular endothelial injury in the initial stages of atherosclerosis, through endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress resulting in fatty streaks in the vascular wall. Quercetin is an anti‑diabetic and cardiovascular protective agent that has previously been demonstrated to reduce ER stress in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). The present study aimed to investigate whether quercetin prevents glucosamine‑induced apoptosis and inflammation via ER stress pathway in HUVECs.

Anti-Fatigue Effects of Small Molecule Oligopeptides Isolated from Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer in Mice.

C. A. Meyer (ginseng) is an edible and medicinal Chinese herb, which is often used in Asian countries for physical fitness.

Sustaining Effect of Intensive Nutritional Intervention Combined with Health Education on Dietary Behavior and Plasma Glucose in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients.

Diabetes mellitus is very common in elderly Chinese individuals. Although nutritional intervention can provide a balanced diet, the sustaining effect on at-home dietary behavior and long-term plasma glucose control is not clear. Consequently, we conducted a long-term survey following one month of experiential nutritional intervention combined with health education.

Short- and Long-Term Effects of Wholegrain Oat Intake on Weight Management and Glucolipid Metabolism in Overweight Type-2 Diabetics: A Randomized Control Trial.

Glycemic control and weight reduction are primary goals for the management of overweight and obese type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Effective management cannot be achieved without an appropriate diet. Our study aimed to evaluate the short- and long-term effects of oat intake and develop a reasonable dietary plan for overweight T2DM patients.

The Effects of Intensive Nutrition Education on Late Middle-Aged Adults with Type 2 Diabetes.

Objective: Many patients with type 2 diabetes find it difficult to maintain good glycemic control. Undesirable glycemic control occurs greatly due to deficiencies of nutritional knowledge and difficulty in obtaining dietary prescriptions. The late middle-aged and elder individuals are the main populations that are affected by type 2 diabetes.