Total Water and Energy Intake Among Preschool Children in China: A Cross-Sectional Analysis Based on National Survey Data.

Adequate hydration for preschool children (36-72 months) is critical for their healthy growth, cognitive development, and long-term well-being. However, there is still a lack of reliable baseline data in China to inform water intake guidelines for this age group. In this study, a cross-sectional analysis was conducted using data from the 2018-2019 Dietary Survey of Infants and Young Children in China, including 676 healthy preschool children.

Cost-effectiveness of talazoparib plus enzalutamide as first-line therapy in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.

Background: The phase III TALAPRO-2 trial established that combining talazoparib (TALA) with enzalutamide significantly extends progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) patients. Given the substantial cost implications of novel targeted therapies, economic evaluation is essential to determine whether the clinical benefits of this regimen justify its expense in the first-line mCRPC setting.

Objectives: To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of talazoparib plus enzalutamide versus enzalutamide monotherapy as first-line treatment for mCRPC, informing clinical decision-making and healthcare resource allocation.

Vitamin E supplementation and increased risk of gestational hypertension and preeclampsia in women undergoing assisted reproductive technologies.

Background: Existing literature regarding the influence of vitamin E (VE) supplementation on the risk of gestational hypertension (GH) and preeclampsia (PE) remains controversial. Our study aimed to assess the association between maternal VE supplementation during early pregnancy and the risk of developing GH/PE.

Methods: The data included 3587 women from the Jiangsu Birth Cohort (JBC) who conceived through assisted reproductive technology (ART) and had gestational ages of at least 20 weeks.

Influence of Picosecond Laser Process Parameters on the Ablation of Vitro Skin Tissue.

Given the demand for ablation treatment using picosecond lasers in medical cosmetology, researchers analyze the degree of thermal damage to skin tissue by combining theoretical modeling with experimental research. The effects of laser scanning speed, number of scans (30-90) and scanning paths on the heat-affected zone, ablation depth, and thermal damage were investigated using one-way analysis of variance. The results show that increasing the scanning speed can reduce the heat-affected zone; the number of repeated scans is positively correlated with the ablation depth; and the concentric circle scanning path can reduce the accumulation of thermal damage compared with linear scanning.

Laser-Induced Selective Modifications of 2D InSe for Emerging Volatile Memristors.

Two-dimensional (2D) materials, distinguished by their extraordinary electronic, optical, and mechanical properties, have demonstrated exceptional potential as revolutionary building blocks for next-generation electronic devices and high-performance memristors. However, their intrinsic properties often limit their applicability in resistive switching (RS) devices, necessitating precise modification techniques. This study explores the laser-induced modification of 2D indium selenide (InSe) nanoflakes and its impact on the RS performance.

Exosomal noncoding RNAs in renal cell carcinoma: Mechanisms, roles, and therapeutic potential.

Exosomes, critical mediators within the tumor microenvironment (TME), facilitate intercellular communication by transferring bioactive molecules, including noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs). These extracellular vesicles, secreted by nearly all cell types and detectable in bodily fluids, selectively encapsulate functional ncRNAs, which play pivotal roles in tumorigenesis, progression, and therapeutic resistance. In renal cell carcinoma (RCC), exosomal ncRNAs have emerged as key regulators driving tumor proliferation, metastasis, and immunosuppression through mechanisms such as activation of the MAPK pathway, promotion of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and modulation of immune cell polarization.

Dietary carbohydrate intake and risks of overall and 21 site-specific cancers: a prospective cohort study.

Background: Cancer is among the world's top causes of death, and diet plays an important role in cancer risk. However, few studies have addressed a comprehensive atlas that details the connections between dietary carbohydrates and cancer risk.

Methods: We conducted a large population-based prospective cohort research based on the UK Biobank including 194,388 participants.

Burden of hematologic malignancies in China from 1990 to 2021: analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.

Background: We aimed to provide epidemiological estimates and trend analysis based on average annual percentage change (AAPC) for age standardized rate (ASR) of hematologic malignancies in China from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021 to facilitate prevention strategies.

Methods: We estimated incidence, death, prevalence, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for hematologic malignancies including leukemia, multiple myeloma (MM), non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), and Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), which were defined by the International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision (ICD-10) in the period of 1990 to 2021 in China. Also, the relationship between sociodemographic index (SDI) and burden of hematologic malignancies was investigated by Pearson's Test.

Ultra-low-field Balanced Steady-state Free Precession MRI at 0.05 Tesla.

Objective: The high cost and limited accessibility of MRI scanners remain significant barriers to their broader use in clinical settings. This study aims to demonstrate the feasibility of balanced steady-state free precession (bSSFP) imaging at ultra-low-field (ULF) on a highly simplified and low-cost 0.05 Tesla whole-body MRI scanner.

Modifiable Lifestyle Factors, Genetic Susceptibility, and Incident Radiographic Axial Spondyloarthritis.

Objective: To evaluate modifiable lifestyle-genetic susceptibility interactions with the risk of developing radiographic axial spondyloarthritis (r-axSpA).

Methods: This study included 382,035 individuals without r-axSpA at baseline in the UK Biobank. A combined lifestyle score consisting of 6 factors and a polygenic risk score (PRS) using r-axSpA-associated genetic loci was constructed for each participant.

Instant Writing of Conductive Interface on MOF Single Crystal by Ultrafast Laser.

Single crystals with excellent properties have been widely used in electronics industries due to their homogeneous and consistent structures. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), as a class of crystalline materials that can be synthetically tuned for functionality, are expected to be a favorable candidate for novel electronic devices. However, there is still a lack of methods to efficiently fabricate conductive patterns at the single-crystal scale.

High-quality assembly of the chromosomal genome for Flemingia macrophylla reveals genomic structural characteristics.

Flemingia macrophylla, a prominent shrub species within the Fabaceae family, is widely distributed across China and Southeast Asia. In addition to its ecological importance, it possesses notable medicinal value, with its roots traditionally used for treating rheumatism, enhancing blood circulation, and alleviating joint pain. We employed Nanopore sequencing platforms to generate a high-quality reference genome for F.

[Quantitative Analysis of the Spatial and Temporal Distribution Pattern of Net Primary Productivity of Vegetation in Hubei Province and Its Multiple Driving Forces].

The health and stability of vegetation ecosystems in Hubei Province are important to the ecological security of the entire Yangtze River Basin. The spatio-temporal succession pattern of vegetation net primary productivity （NPP） in Hubei Province was analyzed by using the Sen trend+MK test, based on the Google earth engine （GEE） platform to obtain the MOD17A3HGF.061 vegetation NPP dataset from 2002 to 2020.

Far-field femtosecond laser-driven λ/73 super-resolution fabrication of 2D van der Waals NbOI nanostructures in ambient air.

The design and fabrication of ultrafine nanostructures in two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals materials are crucial for the functionalization of electronic devices. Here, we report the utilization of far-field femtosecond laser patterning to fabricate super-resolution nano-groove array (NGA) structures in 2D multilayer NbOI in ambient air, achieving groove widths as low as ~14.5 nm (~λ/73).

DeePMD-kit v3: A Multiple-Backend Framework for Machine Learning Potentials.

In recent years, machine learning potentials (MLPs) have become indispensable tools in physics, chemistry, and materials science, driving the development of software packages for molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and related applications. These packages, typically built on specific machine learning frameworks, such as TensorFlow, PyTorch, or JAX, face integration challenges when advanced applications demand communication across different frameworks. The previous TensorFlow-based implementation of the DeePMD-kit exemplified these limitations.

Work type rather than working hours influences depression: a longitudinal study of middle-aged and older adults in China.

Background: Research on the impact of working hours and work types on depression among middle-aged and older adults is relatively scarce, especially in China.

Method: This study employs a longitudinal research design, utilizing data from the 2011-2020 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Survey (CHARLS). Depression was measured using the 10-item CESD-10 scale.

Advancement in diagnostic approaches for latent tuberculosis: distinguishing recent from remote infections.

Tuberculosis (TB) remains as a significant global health threat to date, with latent TB infection (LTBI) serving as a major reservoir for future active disease cases. A practical approach to an effective control and eradication of TB hence, requires an explicit identification of infected patient whom are at high risk of progressing from latent to active TB, particularly in those recently infected individuals. Current diagnostic tools however, including Tuberculin Skin Test and Interferon-Gamma Release Assays, are still lacking for their ability to critically distinguish between recent and remote infections, leading to insufficiency in optimizing targeted preventive treatment strategies.

Laser Patterned In-Plane Asymmetric MXene//LIG@MnO Microsupercapacitor for Self-Powered Pressure Detection Systems.

Wearable and portable microelectronic devices are attracting growing attention in the scientific and technological fields. The preparation of high-performance micro energy storage devices in self-sustaining flexible electronic systems still needs further studies. In this work, we have developed a preparation method for asymmetric microsupercapacitors (AMSCs).

Identification of Polyamines in Human Milk, Formula Milk, and Other Dairy Products: a Special Method Based on Precolumn Derivatization, Double-Florisil Purification, and Gas Chromatography-Triple Quadrupole Mass Spectrometry.

Polyamines in human milk are essential for the rapid growth and development of neonates and infants. However, the concentrations of polyamines in human milk have not been well characterized and the special methods for detecting polyamines in human milk, formula milk, or other dairy products remain largely unavailable to date. In this study, an accurate and sensitive method based on trifluoroacetic acid anhydride (TFAA) derivatization, double solid-phase extraction (SPE) purification, and gas chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (GC-QqQ MS) was established for the evaluation of polyamines in human milk, formula milk, and other dairy products.

Enhanced methyl nitrite carbonylation to dimethyl carbonate fully exposed palladium cluster catalysts.

This work reports a fully exposed palladium cluster catalyst that exhibits superior activity and selectivity for methyl nitrite (MN) carbonylation compared to atomically dispersed Pd catalysts and Pd nanoparticles. Mechanistic studies reveal that the distinct geometric structure of the fully exposed palladium cluster enables surface-mediated Langmuir-Hinshelwood reactions, efficiently producing dimethyl carbonate (DMC) while minimizing dimethyl oxalate (DMO) formation. In contrast, atomically dispersed Pd catalysts rely on Eley-Rideal mechanisms, leading to lower activity, while the continuous surface sites of Pd NPs promote DMO formation.

Investigating the relationship between social deprivation and health outcomes in China: using spatial regression analysis approach.

Background: Although significant progress has been made in the health status of Chinese citizens, disparities are still strikingly evident. This paper reveals the interconnection between social deprivation and the health of the Chinese population using the latest census data, and delves into the impact of social deprivation on health outcomes.

Methods: To assess social deprivation, this study selected 14 indicators from six domains: income, employment, education, housing condition, housing area, and demographic structure.

Increment of Skeletal Muscle Mass Predicts Survival Benefit for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treated with Transarterial Chemoembolization Combining Molecular Targeted Agents and Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors.

Purpose: To assess the relationship between clinical prognosis and changes of skeletal muscle mass for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (uHCC) patients who received transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) with molecular-targeted agents and immune checkpoint inhibitors (TACE-MTAs-ICIs).

Methods: From June 2019 to June 2023, a total of 92 uHCC patients who received TACE-MTAs-ICIs therapy were included. Skeletal muscle mass was assessed before and 6 months after treatment.

Therapeutic potential of flavonoids in gastrointestinal cancer: Focus on signaling pathways and improvement strategies (Review).

Flavonoids are a group of polyphenolic compounds distributed in vegetables, fruits and other plants, which have considerable antioxidant, anti‑tumor and anti‑inflammatory activities. Several types of gastrointestinal (GI) cancer are the most common malignant tumors in the world. A large number of studies have shown that flavonoids have inhibitory effects on cancer, and they are recognized as a class of potential anti‑tumor drugs.

Celastrol-loaded ginsenoside Rg3 liposomes enhance anti-programmed death ligand 1 immunotherapy by inducing immunogenic cell death in triple-negative breast cancer.

Background: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), characterized by high heterogeneity and invasiveness. Currently, inducing immunogenic cell death (ICD) of tumor cells through approaches such as radiotherapy and chemotherapy is an effective strategy to enhance the response to anti-programmed death-ligand 1 antibody (aPD-L1) therapy in TNBC. However, radiotherapy and chemotherapy treatments often upregulate PD-L1 expression in tumor cells, thereby weakening the tumor cells' response to aPD-L1.

Association between serum iron status and gout: results from the NHANES and Mendelian randomization study.

. Previous observational studies have provided inconsistent evidence for the association between serum iron status and the risk of gout. Moreover, it remains uncertain whether the observed association is causal or due to confounding or reverse causality.