Correction: A stage IV lung squamous cell cancer patient with brain metastases, high PD-L1 &TMB, achieves pCR and long-term survival after immune-chemotherapy and radical surgery: a case report and literature review.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.

Effects of Defocus Distance and Weld Spacing on Microstructure and Properties of Femtosecond Laser Welded Quartz Glass-TC4 Alloy Joints with Residual Stress Analysis.

This study develops an optimized femtosecond laser welding process for joining quartz glass and TC4 titanium alloy (Ti-6Al-4V) under non-optical contact conditions, specifically addressing the manufacturing needs of specialized photoelectric effect research containers. The joint primarily consists of parallel laser-welded zones (WZ) interspersed with base material. The defocus distance of the femtosecond laser predominantly influences the depth and phase composition of the WZ, while the weld spacing influences the crack distribution in the joint region.

PS-YOLO-seg: A Lightweight Instance Segmentation Method for Lithium Mineral Microscopic Images Based on Improved YOLOv12-seg.

Microscopic image automatic recognition is a core technology for mineral composition analysis and plays a crucial role in advancing the intelligent development of smart mining systems. To overcome the limitations of traditional lithium ore analysis and meet the challenges of deployment on edge devices, we propose PS-YOLO-seg, a lightweight segmentation model specifically designed for lithium mineral analysis under visible light microscopy. The network is compressed by adjusting the width factor to reduce global channel redundancy.

Soil microbiome dysbiosis and rhizosphere metabolic dysfunction drive continuous cropping obstacles of .

Successive monocropping of causes continuous cropping obstacles, impairing growth, yield, and quality. To investigate the soil environmental and microbial changes caused by these obstacles, we collected both continuous cropping (C-crop) and non-continuous cropping (NC-crop) soil for analysis. We employed high-throughput sequencing, Biolog-ECO microplate, and metabolomics technology to evaluate microbial diversity, community structure, and carbon source utilization efficiency.

A stage IV lung squamous cell cancer patient with brain metastases, high PD-L1 & TMB, achieves pCR and long-term survival after immune-chemotherapy and radical surgery: a case report and literature review.

Brain metastases occur in 40% of advanced NSCLC patients, with poorer prognosis in squamous subtypes. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) combined with chemotherapy have revolutionized treatment, yet data on the systematic treatment of stage IV squamous non-small cell lung cancer with surgery remain limited. A 59-year-old male smoker presented with stage cT4N2M1b IVA squamous NSCLC and a solitary brain metastasis.

Biomimetic Analysis of Neurotransmitters for Disease Diagnosis through Light-Driven Nanozyme Sensor Array and Machine Learning.

Neurological diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and multiple sclerosis, pose a significant global health challenge due to their complex pathogenesis and widespread prevalence. These disorders are often associated with disruptions in neurotransmitter regulation, leading to progressive cognitive and motor impairments. Conventional diagnostic methods are time-consuming and lack the sensitivity required for early-stage detection.

Predictive values of neck circumference and TyG index on polycystic ovary syndrome with metabolic syndrome.

We aimed to explore the factors affecting polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) with metabolic syndrome (MetS) in Chinese women of reproductive age, and to evaluate the predictive value of neck circumference (NC), TyG index, and other composite indexes. A retrospective analysis was performed on 517 patients admitted to the Second Hospital of Shandong University and Qilu Hospital of Shandong University from January 2017 to January 2024. The research included 150 normal control cases (29.

Corrigendum: Delayed diagnosis of the full triad autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 2 with adrenal crisis: a case report and literature review.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.

Synthesis of Mesoporous Alumina with High Specific Surface Area via Reverse Precipitation Method for Enhanced Adsorption and Regeneration of Congo Red.

Various forms of alumina have attracted considerable attention for their ability to remove anionic dyes from wastewater, attributed to their high specific surface area, and environmental safety. In this study, a series of modified alumina materials were synthesized for the first time using the reverse precipitation method with dual aluminum sources and without template agent to explore their applicability in various scenarios, including adsorption processes and regeneration cycles. The results revealed that non-modified alumina exhibited superior adsorption properties, while silicon-modified alumina demonstrated exceptional thermal stability during high temperature calcination.

Epigenetic roles of lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) in cancer metabolism.

Lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) is a histone demethylase with a crucial role in cancer initiation and progression. Several LSD1 inhibitors and degraders are undergoing clinical trials. Metabolic reprogramming, a key hallmark of cancer cells, allows them to survive in harsh environments.

SFXN1 Reduction Alleviates Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Promoting Neuronal Survival and Reducing Neuroinflammation.

Aim: Sideroflexin 1 (SFXN1) is an important inner mitochondrial membrane protein that regulates many physiological and pathological events. However, the role of SFXN1 in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R)-induced neuronal death remains unclear.

Methods: We employed in vivo injury models of transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) and in vitro models of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation and oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R) to investigate the regulatory effects of SFXN1 on neuroinflammation and brain injury.

Delayed diagnosis of the full triad autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 2 with adrenal crisis: a case report and literature review.

Background: Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 2 (APS-2) is a rare disorder characterized by autoimmune damage to multiple endocrine glands and typically involves primary adrenal insufficiency (PAI), autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD), and type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Clinical presentations that feature the full triad alongside adrenal crisis (AC) are rare, with only four such cases reported globally. While AC is the most life-threatening acute complication of APS-2, its pathogenesis is complex and incompletely understood.

Gut microbiota-derived metabolite phenylacetylglutamine in cardiovascular and metabolic diseases.

The aging of population coupled with unhealthy dietary habits among residents has led to a rise in the incidence of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases (CVMDs). Extensive research has highlighted the role of gut microbiota-derived metabolites in CVMDs. Among these metabolites, phenylacetylglutamine (PAGln), a meta-organismal prothrombotic metabolite, has been proved to promote the progression of CVMDs.

Crystal structure and catalytic mechanism of PL35 family glycosaminoglycan lyases with an ultrabroad substrate spectrum.

Recently, a new class of glycosaminoglycan (GAG) lyases (GAGases) belonging to PL35 family has been discovered with an ultrabroad substrate spectrum that can degrade three types of uronic acid-containing GAGs (hyaluronic acid, chondroitin sulfate and heparan sulfate) or even alginate. In this study, the structures of GAGase II from and GAGase VII from DSM 17393 were determined at 1.9 and 2.

Study on the Mechanical Properties of Carbon Fabric/Polyetherketoneketone Composites Under Different Environmental Conditions.

Carbon fabric reinforced polyetherketoneketone (CFF/PEKK) composites have garnered significant attention from researchers due to their superior properties and have been successfully applied in various engineering fields. Environmental conditions are known to directly influence the mechanical properties and service life of composites; however, limited literature exists on the mechanical behavior of CFF/PEKK composites under different environmental conditions. This study elucidates the correlation between the bending and shear behaviors of CFF/PEKK composites and environmental factors, thereby offering robust data support for engineering applications.

Study on the Influence of Hygrothermal Aging on the Mechanical Properties of Carbon Fabric/Polyetheretherketone Composites.

Owing to its superior mechanical properties and recyclability, the carbon fabric/polyetheretherketone (CFF/PEEK) composite has seen increasing application in engineering domains. However, studies examining the impact of hygrothermal aging on its performance remain relatively limited in the existing literature. To investigate its durability in hygrothermal environments, this study fabricated CFF/PEEK composites with a fiber volume fraction of 55 vol% and subjected them to equilibrium hygroscopic treatment at 70 °C.

Decellularized extracellular matrix-loaded exosome hydrogel for cell-free tracheal scaffold in tracheal defect reconstruction and repair.

Tracheal reconstruction presents a significant global clinical challenge due to the unique structure and function of the trachea, which complicates its repair. Key challenges include restoring tracheal function post-transplantation, managing surgical complications, and ensuring the long-term survival of transplanted tissue. Furthermore, adequate vascularization of the transplanted trachea, along with the repair of cartilage and epithelial cells, is critical for facilitating functional recovery and successful reconstruction.

Minima-YOLO: A Lightweight Identification Method for Lithium Mineral Components Under a Microscope Based on YOLOv8.

Mineral identification technology is a critical technology in the construction of smart mines. To enable effective deployment and implementation of rapid mineral sorting for valuable ores on edge computing devices, we propose a lightweight identification method for lithium minerals under visible light microscopy based on YOLOv8, named Minima-YOLO. First, by scaling down and limiting the number of channels in the YOLOv8 backbone, we introduced a smaller network, YOLOv8-tiny.

Fitting Atomic Structures into Cryo-EM Maps by Coupling Deep Learning-Enhanced Map Processing with Global-Local Optimization.

With the breakthroughs in protein structure prediction technology, constructing atomic structures from cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) density maps through structural fitting has become increasingly critical. However, the accuracy of the constructed models heavily relies on the precision of the structure-to-map fitting. In this study, we introduce DEMO-EMfit, a progressive method that integrates deep learning-based backbone map extraction with a global-local structural pose search to fit atomic structures into density maps.

Destruction for growth: a novel laser direct writing perovskite strategy with intelligent anti-counterfeiting applications.

Perovskites are widely acknowledged as promising optoelectronic materials due to their superior carrier mobility, high optical absorption coefficient, and versatile structural design. Among the various synthesis methods, laser direct writing (LDW) of perovskites has demonstrated unique and promising applications in precise patterning and the fabrication of perovskite-based devices. In this study, we propose a novel mechanism for LDW perovskites: laser destruction-induced perovskite growth.

Time to Benefit of Androgen Deprivation Therapy in Patients With Localized Prostate Cancer Undergoing Radiotherapy.

Purpose: Combining radiotherapy with androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is recommended for localized prostate cancer. However, the time required for significant therapeutic benefits is not well quantified. This study aims to determine the time to benefit (TTB) of ADT in these patients.

Machine Learning-Assisted Chemical Tongues Based on Dual-channel Inclusion Complexes for Rapid Identification of Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs in Food.

The improper application of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) presents significant health hazards via vector food contamination. A critical limitation of these traditional existing approaches is their inability to concurrently discern and distinguish among diverse NSAIDs, presenting a notable gap in the analytical capabilities within this domain. Herein, a creative dual-channel fluorescence sensor array was developed for the rapid discrimination and determination of NSAIDs, utilizing complexes of cucurbit[8]uril (CB[8]) with three distinct modified poly(ethylenimines) (PEIs) to address this challenge.

Classification and characteristics of bacterial glycosaminoglycan lyases, and their therapeutic and experimental applications.

Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), as animal polysaccharides, are linked to proteins to form various types of proteoglycans. Bacterial GAG lyases are not only essential enzymes that spoilage bacteria use for the degradation of GAGs, but also valuable tools for investigating the biological function and potential therapeutic applications of GAGs. The ongoing discovery and characterization of novel GAG lyases has identified an increasing number of lyases suitable for functional studies and other applications involving GAGs, which include oligosaccharide sequencing, detection and removal of specific glycan chains, clinical drug development and the design of novel biomaterials and sensors, some of which have not yet been comprehensively summarized.

Assessing the AIR classification reliability for estimating pronation of the first metatarsal.

Background: Hallux valgus (HV) is a multiplanar deformity and surgical treatment is often guided by two-dimensional radiographic parameters. This study assessed the reliability and accuracy of the AIR classification(The first metatarsal head's lateral edge can be delineated as angular (type A), round (type R), or intermediate (type I) through visual inspection or circle measurements on weight-bearing radiographs.)commonly used in clinical settings to categorize the shape of the lateral edge of the first metatarsal head, against measurements from weight-bearing computed tomography (WBCT).

Stomatal opening under high temperatures is controlled by the OST1-regulated TOT3-AHA1 module.

Plants continuously respond to changing environmental conditions to prevent damage and maintain optimal performance. To regulate gas exchange with the environment and to control abiotic stress relief, plants have pores in their leaf epidermis, called stomata. Multiple environmental signals affect the opening and closing of these stomata.