Comprehensive dosimetric comparison of halcyon 3.0 versus truebeam for breast cancer volumetric modulated arc therapy plans.

Background: Breast cancer is the foremost malignancy threatening female health. This study aimed to compare the dosimetric performance of Halcyon 3.0 and TrueBeam in Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy (VMAT) planning for breast cancer.

Effects of Different Exercise Interventions on Health Status in Overweight and Obese Children and Adolescents: A Network Meta-Analysis.

Background: While numerous studies have explored the effectiveness of exercise interventions in improving health outcomes in populations with obesity, comparisons of different exercise modalities remain limited. This study aimed to address this gap through a network meta-analysis (NMA) to evaluate the impact of various exercise modalities on health status in children and adolescents with overweight and obesity.

Methods: Two researchers (XC and KD) systematically searched databases including PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase and others for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published up to May 2024.

Nrf2-mediated inhibition of ferroptosis contributes to the amelioration of atherosclerosis by polydatin.

Polydatin is a bioactive compound extracted from the roots of Reynoutria japonica Houtt. It has demonstrated various protective effects on the cardiovascular system. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms through which polydatin exerts its effects in atherosclerosis (AS) remain largely unclear, particularly regarding the involvement of the ferroptosis pathway in its anti-atherosclerotic action.

Design of lightweight neural network model for provenance discrimination of Lycium barbarum based on hyperspectral imaging technology.

The study aimed to build a lightweight neural network model for Lycium barbarum provenance discrimination using hyperspectral imaging technology. Firstly, hyperspectral images (336.2-1038.

High-Precision, Low-Threshold Neuromodulation With Ultraflexible Electrode Arrays for Brain-to-Brain Interfaces.

Neuromodulation is crucial for advancing neuroscience and treating neurological disorders. However, traditional methods using rigid electrodes have been limited by large stimulating currents, low precision, and the risk of tissue damage. In this work, we developed a biocompatible ultraflexible electrode array that allows for both neural recording of spike firings and low-threshold, high-precision stimulation for neuromodulation.

Comparative transcriptomics reveals context- and strain-specific regulatory programmes of during plant colonization.

is a genus of plant-associated bacteria capable of transferring DNA into host genomes to induce tumourigenesis. The process has been primarily studied in a few model strains, particularly C58, and developed into -mediated transformation for genetic manipulation. However, the diversity of wild-type strains and their context-specific regulatory responses remains poorly characterized.

Evaluation of Genomic Proximity Mapping for Detecting Genomic and Chromosomal Structural Variants in Constitutional Disorders.

Structural variants are critical to genetic diversity and disease, yet their detection remains challenging with conventional cytogenetic techniques, including karyotyping, fluorescence in situ hybridization, and chromosome microarray analysis. These methods often lack the resolution and sensitivity needed for comprehensive characterization of chromosomal aberrations. To address these limitations, we implemented genomic proximity mapping (GPM), a genome-wide chromosome conformation capture technology, in a clinical setting.

An automatic chemiluminescence immunoassay for a novel biomarker NT-IGFBP-4: analytical performance and clinical relevance in heart failure.

Objectives: Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-4 (IGFBP-4) fragments are reported as emerging biomarkers for cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk assessment. To ensure data reliability and improve clinical application, the first automatic chemiluminescent immunoassay (CLIA) for NT-IGFBP-4 was developed and its distribution across CVDs was evaluated in this study.

Methods: Fragment-specific monoclonal antibodies were used to develop immunoassay, followed by comprehensive analytical validation, including limit of blank (LoB), limit of detection (LoD), limit of quantification (LoQ), linearity, specificity, precision, sample type compatibility, and stability.

A 10-year clinical review of submandibular triangle masses.

Objectives: This study addresses the gap in retrospective analyses concerning submandibular triangle masses, utilizing a large Chinese cohort, to provide experience for preoperative diagnosis and a basis for individualized treatment.

Methods: We collected basic demographic information, medical histories, physical examination findings, imaging results, and histopathological diagnoses for 608 patients who underwent surgical procedures in the submandibular triangle at Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, from January 2009 to June 2019. Statistical analyses were conducted to identify differences between malignant and benign masses, employing both univariate and multivariate analyses.

Neoeriocitrin Targeting Beclin1 Deubiquitination and Autophagy in Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells.

Human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) are dental-derived mesenchymal stem cells with robust multipotent differentiation potentials, rendering them promising for bone tissue engineering. However, their differentiation relies on expensive, hard-to-control growth factors. Neoeriocitrin (Neo), a natural flavonoid, promotes cell proliferation and regulates alkaline phosphatase activities.

Neuronal pentraxin 1 accelerates post-stroke atherosclerosis by inducing endothelial cell senescence.

Atherosclerosis (AS) and its complications are the leading causes of death worldwide. Endothelial cell (EC) senescence plays a crucial role in the development of AS by aggravating endothelial erosion and plaque instability. Neuronal pentraxin 1 (NPTX1) is a secreted glycoprotein that plays a key role in various neurological functions, such as synaptic function, plasticity at excitatory synapses, and neurite damage.

[Effect of acupuncture on hippocampal neuronal ferroptosis in depression rats based on SLC7A11/GPX4 pathway].

Objective: To observe the effects of acupuncture (acupuncture for unblocking the obstruction in the governor vessel and regulating the spirit) on the depression-like behavior and the hippocampal neuronal ferroptosis mediated by solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11)/glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) pathway in depression rats, and explore the mechanism of this therapy for depression.

Methods: Of 30 male SD rats of SPF grade, 24 rats were selected. According to the random number table, they were divided into a normal group (=8) and a modeling group (=16).

Analysis of the impact of changes in vaginal Flora during pregnancy on the risk of premature birth based on 16 s rDNA high-throughput sequencing.

Objective: To investigate the impact of changes in the vaginal microbiota during pregnancy on the risk of preterm birth by analyzing the microbial composition and diversity in term and preterm pregnancies using 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing.

Methods: Vaginal microbiota samples from term (n = 101) and preterm (n = 16) pregnancies were obtained from the EMBL-EBI database (PRJNA393472) and analyzed using Illumina sequencing targeting the V3 + V4 regions of the 16S rDNA gene. Alpha and beta diversity indices were calculated, and the taxonomic composition was evaluated.

Neuroprotective Roles of Vitamin D: Bridging the Gap Between Mechanisms and Clinical Applications in Cognitive Decline.

Cognitive function is critical for overall health, with vitamin D's impact under extensive investigation. This review explores the association between vitamin D and cognitive health, its neuroprotective mechanisms, and the therapeutic potential of supplementation in cognitive decline. Observational studies link low vitamin D levels to increased cognitive deterioration risk, particularly in Alzheimer's disease, vascular dementia, Parkinson's disease, and schizophrenia.

Safety of antidepressants commonly used in 6-17-year-old children and adolescents: A disproportionality analysis from 2014-2023 on the basis of the FAERS database.

Background: Depression is a common mental disorder in children and adolescents, and antidepressants are widely used for treatment. This study aimed to explore and analyze adverse events (AEs) associated with antidepressant use in this population, providing insights for safety assessment.

Methods: This study extracted AE reports from the US FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) for children and adolescents aged 6-17 years from 2014-2023, with fluoxetine, escitalopram, and sertraline as the primary suspected drugs.

Neurotransmitters: an emerging target for therapeutic resistance to tumor immune checkpoint inhibitors.

The critical role of neurotransmitters in the resistance to tumor immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) is becoming increasingly significant in therapeutic contexts. ICIs work by enhancing antitumor immunity through the blockade of the PD-1/PD-L1 and CTLA-4 pathways. However, only 20% of patients experience durable efficacy, and the challenge of drug resistance limits the clinical application of these therapies.

Isolation and pathogenicity of the novel porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus 1 strain ZJ01 in South China.

Introduction: The emergence and widespread dissemination of novel Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus type 1 (PRRSV-1) strains in China pose significant challenges, leading to substantial clinical infections within swine populations.

Methods: In this study, we isolated a novel PRRSV-1 strain, designated ZJ01.

Results: Whole-genome sequencing revealed a genome length of 15,125 bp.

Feasibility, Safety, and Early Outcomes of Image-Guided Segmentectomy Using Near-Infrared Fluorescence Dye for Tumor Visualization and Margin Identification: A Collaborative Effort by the Surgical and Radiological Teams.

Introduction: Despite advances in lung cancer management, it remains the leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) screening has increased detection of small, difficult-to-palpate lung lesions.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective study at Chang Gung Memorial Hospital (2014-2022) evaluated the feasibility of image-guided segmentectomy (I-segmentectomy) using indocyanine green (ICG) for lesion localization and intersegmental plane navigation.

Chidamide and cytarabine synergistically treat acute myeloid leukemia: inhibiting ribosome biogenesis via the MYC-RRP9 pathway.

This study explores innovative therapeutic approaches for acute myeloid leukemia by examining the synergistic effects of the histone deacetylase inhibitor chidamide in combination with cytarabine. In both in vitro and in vivo models, the drug combination demonstrated significant synergism in combating acute myeloid leukemia. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that the combination treatment notably downregulates the MYC signaling pathway.

Association between long-term exposure to low ambient benzene concentrations and mental disorders in the UK: A nested case-control study.

Background: The mental health impacts of long-term ambient benzene exposure remain incompletely understood. We aim to investigate the association between long-term exposure to low-concentration ambient benzene and mental disorders in the general population.

Method: Estimated annual benzene concentrations from UK-wide air pollution maps were linked to health data from 410,605 eligible UK Biobank participants.

Impact of exercise on cardiovascular disease risk in overweight or obese children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The aim of this study was to systematically evaluate the effects of exercise on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in overweight and obese children and adolescents.

Methods: Two independent reviewers conducted a comprehensive search of databases, including PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, CNKI, and Wan Fang, covering the period from January 1, 2008, to May 19, 2025. Eligible randomised controlled trials (RCTs) were included in the meta-analysis.

Synthesis of Hyperbranched Polyurethane Acrylate as Self-cleaning Protective Film on Solar Panel.

Renewable and green energy technologies, particularly the improvement of solar panel efficiency, have gained considerable attention in academic and industrial communities. However, long-term exposure to soiling can lead to substantial reduction in the energy generation capacity of photovoltaic systems. Here, hyperbranched polyurethane acrylate (PHBA) was synthesized using hydroxyl-terminated hyperbranched polyester as a core component.

Plasmalogen as a Bioactive Lipid Drug: From Preclinical Research Challenges to Opportunities in Nanomedicine.

Plasmalogens are natural glycerophospholipids that account for approximately 15%-20% (mol%) of human tissues' cellular membrane phospholipid composition. They play an important role in lipid membrane organization and function, including acting as endogenous antioxidants. Plasmalogens contain a vinyl-ether linked alkyl chain at position sn-1, characteristic of vinyl-ether lipids, and often a polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) acyl chain at position sn-2 of the glycerol backbone.

Multi-omics profiling and molecular pathways in esophageal adenocarcinoma.

Esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) is an aggressive malignancy with a rising incidence and poor prognosis. This review integrates current insights into the molecular features of EAC, focusing on the application of multi-omics approaches to unravel its genetic, transcriptomic, metabolic, and microenvironmental alterations. By identifying key biomarkers and therapeutic targets, we highlight the transformative potential of multi-omics in advancing precision medicine for EAC.

Association between long-term exposure of polystyrene microplastics and exacerbation of seizure symptoms: Evidence from multiple approaches.

Microplastics are tiny plastic particles originating from both commercial product manufacturing and the degradation of larger plastic materials. These particles pose significant risks to environmental and animal health. A growing body of evidence highlights plastic packaging as a major source of microplastic exposure in children, who are particularly vulnerable to these contaminants compared to adults.