The secretion of Pseudomonas unconventional peroxidase facilitates extracellular carbon acquisition from heterogeneous lignin.

The secretion of ligninolytic enzyme provides a competitive advantage for microbial survival. These enzymes are commonly transported to the extracellular milieu via signal peptides for the catabolism of lignin, which cannot be translocated through the cell membrane. However, some bacterial ligninolytic enzymes lack signal peptides, yet they can still be secreted.

Cuproptosis Signature Would Reveal the Acute-Remitting Pattern in Patients with Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder.

The acute-remitting course (the time interval from remission to the next relapse) is a distinct signature of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD), which harms patients and perplexes physicians. However, clinically actionable biomarkers to anticipate NMOSD relapse timing are unavailable. Recently, it is found that Cuproptosis-related genes would have an impact on the acute-remitting course in patients with aquaporin-4 (AQP4)-immunoglobulin G antibody positive NMOSD.

NEK7 mediates ESRD-associated endothelial injury by activating the NLRP3 inflammasome.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is reported to closely associate with the high mortality in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD), and endothelial damage induced by accumulated uremic toxins (mostly studied indoxyl sulfate [IS]) is the key pathological process, whose pathogenesis and therapeutic strategies remain incompletely understood. NIMA-related kinase 7 (NEK7) has been recognized as a novel mediator for NLRP3 inflammasome activation, which plays a crucial part in causing vascular endothelial injury. Here, we explored the potential functions and fundamental mechanisms of NEK7-mediated NLRP3 inflammasome activation in IS-induced endothelial injury.

A pH-responsive guanidino-based covalent organic framework nanodrugs for enhanced neuroprotection against subarachnoid hemorrhage by targeting NLRP3 inflammasome.

Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) represents a severe subtype of stroke, distinguished by its substantial mortality and morbidity rates. It initiates a series of harmful physiological responses, such as increased intracranial pressure, cerebral edema, and neuroinflammation. Pyroptosis, a form of cell death dependent on caspase-1, plays a crucial role in the inflammatory processes following SAH.

Stereoisomeric AIE Photosensitizers for Biofilm Inhibition and Host-Directed Elimination of Intracellular Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria.

Bacteria can form biofilms on their surfaces or escape from the phagosomes and multiply in the cytoplasm to become intracellular bacteria, presenting a challenge for antibiotics to reach the bacterial cells and consequently making treatment difficult. In light of this, we employed two - molecules with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) properties, ()- and ()-TPE-EPy, which have the ability to hinder () bacteria () and methicillin-resistant (MRSA) biofilm formation by reactive oxygen species (ROS) and eradicate intracellular MRSA by host-directed therapy (HDT). These molecules can bind to the intracellular bacteria, target mitochondria, and generate ROS in situ, reduce mitochondrial membrane potential, subsequently induce autophagy to clear intracellular bacteria, and reduce inflammation.

Multi-cascade signal amplification and structure modulation strategy for highly sensitive and selective detection of cysteine using bovine serum albumin-stabilized gold nanoflowers as signal mediator.

A novel nanosensing system was constructed for highly sensitive and selective detection of cysteine (Cys) via the combination of the excellent optical properties of bovine serum albumin-stabilized gold nanoflowers (BSA-AuNFs), the high selectivity of the molecular structure regulation performance of cystine, and the high sensitivity of the multi-cascade signal amplification strategy. The sensing mechanism has been confirmed by UV-vis absorption spectroscopy, TEM, HRMS and H NMR spectra titration analysis, which can effectively improve the sensitivity and selectivity of the detection of Cys. In addition, the molecular structure regulation performance of cystine (disulfide bond effect) further improved the selectivity of this analytical system.

Flavonoids serve as a promising therapeutic agent for ischemic stroke.

Ischemic stroke (IS) continues to be a major public health concern and is characterized by significantly high mortality and disabling rates. Inhibiting nerve cells death and enhancing the repair of ischemic tissue are important treatment concepts for IS. Currently, the mainstream treatment strategies mainly focus on short-term care, which underscores the urgent need for novel therapeutic strategies for long-term care.

Puerarin mitigates cognitive decline and white matter injury via CD36-Mediated microglial phagocytosis in chronic cerebral hypoperfusion.

Background: Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH) contributes significantly to white matter injury (WMI) and cognitive impairment, often leading to vascular dementia (VaD). Inefficient clearance of myelin debris by microglia impedes white matter repair, making microglia-mediated myelin clearance a promising therapeutic strategy for WMI. Puerarin (Pu), an isoflavonoid monomer from Pueraria lobata, is known for its neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, and immunoregulatory properties.

Interferon regulatory factor 5 attenuates kidney fibrosis through transcriptional suppression of Tgfbr1.

Tubulointerstitial fibrosis is a common pathway of the progressive development of chronic kidney diseases (CKD) with different etiologies. The transcription factor interferon regulatory factor 5 (IRF5) can induce anti-type I interferons and proinflammatory cytokine genes and has been implicated as a therapeutic target for various inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Currently, no experimental evidence has confirmed the role of IRF5 in CKD.

Efficacy and safety of combined low-dose rituximab regimen for chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy.

Objective: To determine the efficacy and safety of combined low-dose rituximab with conventional therapy for chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP) treatment.

Methods: Total 73 patients with CIDP were enrolled for the retrospective cohort study, and divided into conventional first-line therapy cohort (n = 40) and combined low-dose rituximab (100 mg per infusion) cohort (n = 33). The outcome measures include scores of I-RODS, mRS, INCAT, ONLS, TSS, and COMPASS 31 scale at baseline and regular four visits (4, 16, 28, and 52 weeks), as well as proportion of favorable response and outcome, corticosteroids dosage, and deterioration occurrence during follow-up.

USP13 inhibition exacerbates mitochondrial dysfunction and acute kidney injury by acting on MCL-1.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a globally recognized public health issue that lacks satisfactory therapeutic strategies. Deubiquitinase ubiquitin-specific protease 13 (USP13) regulates various pathophysiological processes via the deubiquitination of multiple substrates. However, its role in AKI remains unclear.

β-Ketoenamine covalent organic framework nanoplatform combined with immune checkpoint blockade via photodynamic immunotherapy inhibit glioblastoma progression.

The synergistic approach of combining photodynamic immunotherapy with endogenous clearance of PD-L1 immune checkpoint blockade therapy holds promise for enhancing survival outcomes in glioblastoma (GBM) patients. The observed upregulation of O-GlcNAc glycolysis in tumors may contribute to the stabilization of endogenous PD-L1 protein, facilitating tumor immune evasion. This study presents a pH-adapted excited state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT)-isomerized β-ketoamide-based covalent organic framework (COF) nanoplatform (denoted as OT@COF-RVG).

Synergistic synthesis of gold nanoflowers as upconversion near-infrared nanoprobe energy acceptor and recognition unit for improved hydrogen sulfide sensing.

A highly sensitive and selective upconversion near-infrared (NIR) fluorescence and colorimetric dual readout hydrogen sulfide (HS) nanoprobe was constructed based on the excellent NIR fluorescence emission performance of upconversion nanomaterials (UCNPs), the specific recognition effect of synergistically synthesized gold nanoflowers (trypsin-stabled AuNFs (Try-AuNFs)) and the effective NIR fluorescence quenching capability. In this assay, the sensing strategy included three processes. First of all, the synthesized UCNPs can emit 803 nm NIR fluorescence when they were excited by 980 nm excitation light.

Combined central and peripheral demyelination: a case report resembling encephalomyeloradiculoneuropathy.

Combined central and peripheral demyelination (CCPD) is an extremely rare disease characterized by inflammatory demyelination in both the central and peripheral nervous systems. Herein, we reported case of a 14-year-old teenager who initially presented with the symptoms of acute myelitis (AM). Subsequently, the patient developed symptoms consistent with Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), which was supported by nerve conduction studies (NCV) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis.

Aggregation-induced emission photosensitizer microneedles for enhanced melanoma photodynamic therapy.

The incidence and mortality rates of skin melanoma have been increasing annually. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) enables effective destruction of tumor cells while minimizing harm to normal cells. However, traditional photosensitizers (PSs) suffer from photobleaching, photodegradation and the aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ) effect, and it is challenging for light to reach the deep layers of the skin to maximize the efficacy of PSs.

Exclusive and Switchable Superoxide Radical Generation by O-Capture-Based Electron Transfer and Supramolecular Assembly.

Type-I photosensitizers (PSs) can generate free radical anions with a broad diffusion range and powerful damage effect, rendering them highly desirable in various areas. However, it still remains a recognized challenge to develop pure Type-I PSs due to the inefficiency in producing oxygen radical anions through the collision of PSs with nearby substrates. In addition, regulating the generation of oxygen radical anions is also of great importance toward the control of photosensitizer (PS) activities on demand.

Therapeutic Potential Targeting Podocyte Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis.

Background: Podocytes are essential components of the glomerular filtration barrier and essential for the proper filtration function of the glomerulus. Podocyte injury under various stress conditions is the primary pathogenesis and key determinant of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) with prominent clinical manifestations of proteinuria or nephrotic syndrome.

Summary: Under physiological conditions, a highly coordinated mitochondrial quality control system, including antioxidant defenses, mitochondrial dynamics (fusion, fission, and mitophagy), and mitochondrial biogenesis, guarantees the sophisticated structure and various functions of podocytes.

Facile Synthesis and Multiple Application of Ultralong-Afterglow Room Temperature Phosphorescence Aggregate Carbon Dots from Simple Raw Materials.

Owing to the ultralong afterglow, room temperature decay phosphorescence nanomaterials have aroused enough attention. In the work, by simple one-pot solid-state thermal decomposition reaction, aggregate carbon dots (CDs) was prepared from trimesic and boric acid. Based on the intermolecular hydrogen bonds and intramolecular π-π stacking weak interaction from precursors, CDs was encapsulated in boron oxide matrix and formed aggregation.

A Uniform Self-Reinforced Organic/Inorganic Hybrid SEI Chelation Strategy on Microscale Silicon Surfaces for Stable-Cycling Anodes in Lithium-Ion Batteries.

A promising anode material for Li-ion batteries, silicon (Si) suffers from volume expansion-induced pulverization and solid electrolyte interface (SEI) instability. Microscale Si with high tap density and high initial Coulombic efficiency (ICE) has become a more anticipated choice, but it will exacerbate the above issues. In this work, the polymer polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane-lithium bis (allylmalonato) borate (PSLB) is constructed by in situ chelation on microscale Si surfaces via click chemistry.

Analyte-triggered cascade signal amplification strategy for highly sensitive detection of iodate in table salt with dual-readout signals.

A novel and highly sensitive upconversion fluorescence and colorimetric dual readout iodate (IO) nanosensor system was constructed by using both the outstanding optical performance of NaYF:Yb, Tm upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) and the analyte-triggered cascade signal amplification (CSA) technique. The construction of the sensing system consisted of three processes. First, IO oxidized o-phenylenediamine (OPD) to diaminophenazine (OPDox), while IO was reduced to I.

Fabrication of Supramolecular System Derived from Poly β-cyclodextrin Coupling Quinoline Dderivative and Its Fluorescence Sensing of Zinc Ion in Pure Water Environment.

Cyclodextrin (CD) is an important guest material owing to the water solubility and biocompatibility. In the paper, an organic small molecule was synthesized. According to supramolecular self-assembly, the organic molecule was bounded to the cavity of Poly β-cyclodextrin, which was characterized by IR, SEM and TEM et al.

Label-free fluorescence detection of alkaline phosphatase activity using a G-triplex based dumbbell-shaped probe.

Based on the fluorescence enhancement property of the G-triplex (G3)-Thioflavin T (ThT) complex, a fluorescent biosensor was successfully constructed for detection of ALP using a G3-based dumbbell-shaped probe (DP). In this work, calf intestinal ALP (CIP) can act on the 5'-terminal phosphate of DP, thereby regulating the subsequent DNA ligation reaction and enzyme cleavage of the DP nick. When the DP is digested by exonuclease, the released G3 can bind to ThT, resulting in enhanced fluorescence signal.

Case report: MOG-IgG-associated encephalitis with Epstein-Barr virus infection and Alzheimer's pathologic change in cerebrospinal fluid.

Immunoglobulin G antibodies to myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG-IgG) associated disease is a rare, demyelinated disease in the central nerve system (CNS) predominately involving optic nerve, spinal cord, and brain leading to optic neuritis (ON), transverse myelitis (TM), encephalitis. The phenotype of MOG-IgG-associated encephalitis is similar to acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) presenting with seizures, abnormal behavioral and psychological symptoms, and cognitive impairment. A few brain biopsies show multiple sclerosis (MS) pattern histopathology with T cells, macrophages, and complement activation.

Stereoisomeric engineering of aggregation-induced emission photosensitizers towards fungal killing.

Fungal infection poses and increased risk to human health. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) as an alternative antifungal approach garners much interest due to its minimal side effects and negligible antifungal drug resistance. Herein, we develop stereoisomeric photosensitizers ((Z)- and (E)-TPE-EPy) by harnessing different spatial configurations of one molecule.