Multimodal Intraoperative Neurophysiological Monitoring in Neurofibromatosis Type 1-Related Craniofacial Tumor Surgery.

Objective: This study summarized the application effect and clinical experience of multimodal intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring (IONM) technology in the surgery of neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1)-related craniofacial tumors.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on NF1 patients who were admitted between January 2019 and December 2024 and treated with craniofacial tumor resection surgery assisted by multimodal IONM technology. Data from this study were analyzed regarding sex, age at surgery, surgical procedures, IONM parameters, preoperative and postoperative symptoms, follow-up period, as well as oncological outcome.

Direct Glass-to-Metal Welding by Femtosecond Laser Pulse Bursts: II, Enhancing the Weld Between Glass and Polished Metal Surfaces.

We present a comprehensive study on the femtosecond laser direct welding of glass and metal, focusing on optimizing processing parameters and understanding the influence of material properties and beam shaping on welding quality. Using microscopy, we identified optimal pulse energy, focal position, and line-spacing for achieving high-quality welds. We further investigated the effects of laser beam shaping and material property differences in various glass-to-metal pairs, including borosilicate, fused silica, and Zerodur glasses welded with mirror-polished metals such as Cu, Mo, Al, Ti, and AISI316 steel.

High-Resolution Spatial Transcriptomics Unveils Spatially Resolved Gene Modules and Fatty Acid Metabolism Dysregulation in Human Skin Aging.

Human skin aging involves intricate micrometer-scale changes in cellular organization. High-resolution spatial transcriptomic analysis is crucial for deciphering the complex interplay of cell types and molecular processes underlying skin aging. Here, the Stereo-seq technique was employed to generate a high-resolution spatial transcriptomic atlas of human eyelid skin, capturing age-related alterations in gene expression.

from (Sam.) Juzep. enhances the antioxidative stress capacity of .

Background: Medicinal plant endophytic fungi hold significant potential for producing natural antioxidants, as they thrive in environments rich in bioactive antioxidant compounds.

Methods: This study focuses on , an endophytic fungus isolated from (Sam.) Juzep.

Type 2 Diabetes-Associated Phenylacetylglutamine Induces Deleterious Inflammation Cycle in Myeloid Cells through β Adrenergic Receptors and Impedes Wound Healing.

Despite advances in glucose-lowering therapies, many diabetic patients still suffer inflammation-related complications such as chronic non-healing wounds. The microbiota-derived metabolite phenylacetylglutamine (PAGln) is identified as a causal driver of these wounds via a transmissible, β-adrenergic receptor-mediated trained-immunity loop. Metabolomics reveals PAGln is elevated in type 2 diabetes and tightly associated with poor healing in both diabetic and non-diabetic human patients.

Decoding the maxillary morphological mechanism of mid-face depression or protrusion by an interpretable machine learning-assisted approach in an Asian female population.

For morphological assessments and treatment planning for the midface, the conventionally used measurement-based diagnosis is not potent enough to decode the complexity of craniofacial configuration. A more comprehensive assessment system using a machine learning-assisted approach is in need. In this study, the subnasale and maxilla positions were assessed in relation to the upper- and mid-facial structures in 1293 Asian females.

Direct Glass-to-Metal Welding by Femtosecond Laser Pulse Bursts: I, Conditions for Successful Welding with a Gap.

We report on the welding of optical borosilicate glass to an unpolished copper substrate (surface Ra of 0.27 µm and Rz of 1.89 µm) using bursts of femtosecond laser pulses.

Reflections on Aging Series: Multiple Factors Influencing Lower Blepharoplasty Procedure Selection in an East Asian Population.

Background: The lower eyelid, because of its unique functional and anatomical characteristics, is highly susceptible to early signs of aging. There is overlap in the manifestation of age-specific senescent features across age groups, with progressive step.

Objectives: The authors of this study aim to identify the key features and treatment approaches for lower eyelid aging in East Asian patients by conducting a retrospective analysis of clinical presentations and treatment outcomes across different age groups.

Enhancing Skin Regeneration During Expansion: A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial of Stromal Vascular Fraction and Fat Grafting.

Background: Skin regeneration via mechanical stretching is used in reconstructive surgery but is often limited by the skin's inherent growth capacity. This multicenter randomized controlled trial evaluated the efficacy of autologous stromal vascular fraction (SVF) transplantation and fat grafting in enhancing skin regeneration during tissue expansion.

Methods: Patients aged 18-60 undergoing skin expansion were randomized to receive SVF transplantation, fat grafting, or serve as controls.

Single alkyl phosphonate modification of the siRNA backbone in the seed region enhances specificity and therapeutic profile.

We evaluated the effect of alkyl phosphonate linkages in enhancing the specificity and therapeutic profile of siRNA when incorporated into the seed region. siRNAs modified with a single alkyl phosphonate linkage demonstrated enhanced specificity and therapeutic profile compared to the parent siRNA. We found that these modifications are most effective when positioned at the internucleotide linkages 6-7 from the 5'-end of the guide strand.

Involvement of Cranial Nerve Ganglion as an Independent Risk Factor for Malignant Transformation of Head and Neck Plexiform Neurofibromas in Neurofibromatosis Type 1.

Background: Individuals with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) are confronted with a 10% lifetime susceptibility to malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNST). The majority of NF1-associated MPNST arise from pre-existing plexiform neurofibromas (PNF). Nevertheless, the precise subtypes of PNF susceptible to malignant transformation remain unclear.

From microtissues to organs: the future of reconstructive surgery with organ building block-based bioprinting.

Reconstructive surgery seeks to restore the aesthetic appearance and functional integrity of damaged organs and tissues. However, traditional approaches are fundamentally constrained by donor tissue scarcity and associated morbidity, highlighting the urgent need for engineered tissue substitutes. Organ building block (OBB)-based bioprinting has emerged as a promising strategy, utilizing microtissues with defined microarchitectural features as modular building units for three-dimensional bioprinting.

Deubiquitylating Enzymes in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Ubiquitination is a reversible and dynamic process, precisely regulated by ubiquitin-activating enzymes (E1), ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes (E2), ubiquitin ligases (E3), and deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs). Dysregulation of DUBs disrupts the dynamic balance of ubiquitination, contributing to the development of various diseases, particularly cancer. An increasing number of studies have identified dysregulation of DUBs in various tumor types and have explored their regulatory mechanisms in these contexts.

Capacity development for Trauma and Injury Research in Vietnam: the Johns Hopkins University-Hanoi School of Public Health Trauma and Injury Research Program (JHU-Hanoi TRIP).

Objectives: To strengthen Vietnam's capacity for trauma and injury research by addressing the shortage of trained personnel and enhancing intersectoral collaboration. This paper evaluates the implementation and outcomes of a multi-tiered capacity-building initiative-the JHU-Hanoi TRIP-in strengthening trauma and injury research capacity in Vietnam.

Design: This was a longitudinal implementation science study of a capacity-building initiative using both long-term and short-term training strategies.

Microenvironment-feedback regulated hydrogels as living wound healing materials.

Physiological microenvironments present a time-dependent variation during pathogenic or therapeutic processes, which call for life-like biomaterials of dynamic adaptation. However, current prevailed biomaterials maintain a passively responsive mode and lack autonomous and interactive dynamics. Striving for a paradigm of microenvironment interactive and self-regulatory medical agents as next-generation of biomaterials is of desperate need.

Assessment of the immune-developmental toxicity risk of the hygienic insecticide dimefluthrin in zebrafish (Danio rerio) model.

Hygienic insecticides play a key role in the prevention of vector-borne diseases and are closely related to human health. Pyrethroids have become widely used household hygienic insecticides following restrictions on organophosphorus insecticides. Given that increased mosquito resistance had brought to the fore the misuse of hygienic insecticides, understanding the immunotoxicity risks of hygienic insecticides is essential for future risk management.

DNA Methylation Dynamics in a Mouse Model of Retinitis Pigmentosa.

Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a group of sight-threatening genetic diseases characterized by progressive degeneration of photoreceptors, leading to severe vision loss from childhood to adulthood. With limited treatment options, understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying RP is crucial. Increased DNA methylation, especially in degenerating photoreceptors, is a contributing factor to retinal damage in RP.

Transcriptome analysis reveals changes in lignin and flavonoid biosynthesis in colonized Tartary buckwheat.

Introduction: Tartary buckwheat ( Gaertn.), classified as a food and herbal medicinal crop, offers substantial nutritional benefits but suffers from poor yields and quality. Studies indicate that positively impacts Tartary buckwheat's yield and quality, yet the underlying processes remain largely unexplored.

Worldwide trends and future projections of fungal skin disease burden: a comprehensive analysis from the Global Burden of Diseases study 2021.

Background: Fungal skin diseases represent pervasive global health concerns, predominantly arising from dermatophytes, yeasts, and molds.

Objective: This study aimed to estimate the disease burden associated with fungal skin diseases in 2021. Additionally, it sought to analyze trends from 1990 to 2021 and forecast future patterns.

Temporal trend in non-melanoma skin cancer mortality in China, 1992-2021: an analysis for the global burden of disease study 2021.

Introduction: Non - melanoma skin cancer (NMSC) is a widespread malignant neoplasm affecting the skin globally. In China, over the past 30 years, the prevalence and incidence of NMSC have changed significantly, yet mortality rate (MR) data is scarce. The aim is to assess the MR data of NMSC patients worldwide from 1992 to 2021, analyze its temporal trends, and provide valuable epidemiological information for future prevention and management strategies of NMSC.

Isolation and identification of endophytic fungi from that exhibit antioxidant and antibacterial activities.

Background: As a medicinal plant, is known to contain a wealth of bioactive constituents, including flavonoids, terpenes, and triterpenoid saponins, which contribute to its anti-inflammatory and anticancer properties. Endophytic fungi, which symbiotically inhabit plant tissues, are recognized for their ability to synthesize bioactive metabolites analogous to those of their hosts. However, the potential of -associated endophytes remains underexplored.

Precision exosome engineering for enhanced wound healing and scar revision.

The dysfunction of wound-healing processes can result in chronic non-healing wounds and pathological scar formation. Current treatment options often fall short, necessitating innovative approaches. Exosomes, extracellular vesicles secreted by various cells, have emerged as promising therapeutic agents serving as an intercellular communication system.