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Combined central and peripheral demyelination (CCPD) is an extremely rare disease characterized by inflammatory demyelination in both the central and peripheral nervous systems. Herein, we reported case of a 14-year-old teenager who initially presented with the symptoms of acute myelitis (AM). Subsequently, the patient developed symptoms consistent with Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), which was supported by nerve conduction studies (NCV) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis. Throughout the course of the disease, the patient experienced abdominal pain and abnormal liver function. After a comprehensive evaluation, we determined that the abnormal liver function was a result of hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection, which may have acted as a trigger for GBS. The patient was treated with corticosteroids, intravenous immunoglobulin and Rituximab, resulting in symptom relief and clinical improvement after therapy and follow-up. This case highlights the potential responsiveness and reversibility of CCPD. Given the heterogeneous nature of CCPD, there is currently no standardized diagnostic criteria or clear consensus on its treatment. Therefore, we recommend a thorough assessment of all possibilities and the development of consolidated management guidelines based on available data for this disorder.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fneur.2023.1288546 | DOI Listing |
Cephalalgia
September 2025
Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.
Migraine is a complex neurological disorder involving multiple neuropeptides that modulate nociceptive and sensory pathways. The most studied peptide is calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), which is a well-established migraine trigger and therapeutic target. Recently, another peptide, pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP), has emerged as an alternative target for migraine therapeutics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeuroinflammation has emerged as a central and dynamic component of the pathophysiology underlying a wide range of neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Huntington's disease, and multiple sclerosis. Far from being a secondary consequence of neuronal damage, inflammatory processes (mediated by microglia, astrocytes, peripheral immune cells, and associated molecular mediators) actively shape disease onset, progression, and symptomatology. This review synthesizes current knowledge on the cellular and molecular mechanisms that govern neuroinflammatory responses, emphasizing both shared and disease-specific pathways.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNature
September 2025
Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
Neural activity is increasingly recognized as a crucial regulator of cancer growth. In the brain, neuronal activity robustly influences glioma growth through paracrine mechanisms and by electrochemical integration of malignant cells into neural circuitry via neuron-to-glioma synapses. Outside of the central nervous system, innervation of tumours such as prostate, head and neck, breast, pancreatic, and gastrointestinal cancers by peripheral nerves similarly regulates cancer progression.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGenome Res
September 2025
College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, 625014, People's Republic of China;
Poultry egg production is shaped by the intertwined action of multiple physiological systems, greatly magnifying the complexity of its underlying genetic regulation. Although multitissue mapping of regulatory variants offers a powerful route to untangle this complexity, comprehensive data sets in ducks remain scarce. Meanwhile, the contributions of peripheral systems beyond neuroendocrine regulation on poultry egg production are still largely unexplored.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJACC Cardiovasc Interv
September 2025
Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, the Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
Background: Long-term comparative data on drug-eluting stents (DES) and drug-coated balloons (DCB) for femoropopliteal artery (FPA) disease remain limited.
Objectives: The authors sought to compare 3-year outcomes of DES vs DCB without bailout stenting in FPA disease.
Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 1,406 patients from a multicenter registry who underwent endovascular therapy for FPA using DES (n = 342) or DCB (n = 1,064) after the successful lesion preparation.