Targeting FSP1 to induce ferroptosis in chromophobe renal cell carcinoma.

There are no proven therapies for metastatic or unresectable Chromophobe Renal Cell Carcinoma (ChRCC). ChRCC is characterized by high glutathione levels and hypersensitivity to ferroptosis, an iron-dependent form of cell death characterized by peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids. The underlying mechanisms leading to ferroptosis hypersensitivity are unknown.

Developing a collaborative network for cystic fibrosis in Africa: A call to action.

Background: Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disorder that remains underrecognized across Africa, where limited diagnostic capacity, low awareness, and competing health priorities contribute to delayed or missed diagnoses [1-4]. Although increasing data suggests CF is more prevalent than previously believed in Africa, survival remains poor [1]. These challenges do not only affect people with CF (pwCF) in Africa but also have implications for global understanding of the disease, particularly among populations historically excluded from CF research and treatment advances.

Multiomics approach to evaluating personalized biomarkers of allergen immunotherapy.

Recent advancements in genomics and "omic" technologies have ushered in a transformative era referred to as personalized or precision medicine. This innovative approach considers the unique genetic profiles of individuals, along with a range of variability factors, to devise tailored disease treatments and prevention strategies that cater to the distinct needs of each patient. Although the terms personalized medicine and precision medicine are frequently utilized interchangeably, it is essential to delineate the subtle distinctions between them.

Healthy dietary pattern and risk of rheumatoid arthritis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: We aimed to determine the degree to which a healthy dietary pattern is associated with incident rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Methods: We registered this systematic review and meta-analysis in PROSPERO (CRD42025645056). Inclusion criteria were validated diet (anti-inflammatory, Mediterranean, Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH), and/or healthy eating index [HEI]); validated RA definition; dietary exposure preceding RA; and randomized controlled trial, cohort, or case-control design.

Opioid Overdose Response and Naloxone Education in Schools.

Background: The opioid crisis continues to claim lives across the United States, which has led to increased attention toward harm reduction strategies as methods for addressing this public health issue. Specifically, naloxone, an opioid overdose reversal drug, became available over-the-counter in 2023, greatly improving its accessibility. However, despite this progress, general awareness about how to use naloxone remains limited, especially among youth who are being increasingly impacted by the opioid epidemic.

Relationship Between State Policies Targeting Unethical Treatment Practices and Opioid-Related Outcomes: An Event Study Analysis.

Objectives: To estimate the effect of the passage of state laws targeting patient brokering on opioid-related outcomes.

Background: In response to growing awareness of unethical substance use disorder (SUD) treatment practices, several states in the United States have passed laws targeting patient brokering and deceptive marketing. Patient brokering and deceptive marketing laws are intended to reduce the chances individuals with SUD interact with bad actors or suffer from adverse outcomes related to inappropriate SUD treatment, but the effectiveness of these laws is unknown.

Unsupervised Learning Analysis of Triglycerides, Inflammation, Cholesterol, and the Risks of Incident Cardiovascular Disease and Type 2 Diabetes in the Women's Health Study.

Background: Traditional cardiovascular risk assessment entails investigator-defined exposure levels and individual risk markers in multivariable analysis. We sought to determine whether an alternative unbiased learning analysis might provide further insights into vascular risk.

Methods: We conducted an unsupervised learning (k-means cluster) analysis in the Women's Health Study (N=26 443) using baseline levels of triglycerides, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol to form novel exposures.

Advanced Glycation End-Product Carboxymethyl-Lysine and Incident Heart Failure and Atrial Fibrillation in Older Adults.

Background: Advanced glycation end-products result from chemical modification of proteins under conditions of hyperglycemia or oxidative stress common with advancing age. Advanced glycation end-product (AGE) formation alters vascular and cardiac structure and function, yet the prospective associations of circulating AGEs with heart failure (HF) and atrial fibrillation (AF) have not been studied.

Methods: We evaluated the associations of serum N-carboxymethyl-lysine (CML), a major AGE in tissue proteins, and incident HF and AF in the CHS (Cardiovascular Health Study), a population-based cohort of older adults.

Impulsivity and neuroticism share distinct functional connectivity signatures with alcohol-use risk in youth.

Increases in impulsivity and negative affect (e.g., neuroticism) are common during adolescence and are both associated with risk for alcohol-use initiation and other risk behaviors.

Composite arterial and venous collateral score on single-phase CTA predicts 90-day outcomes in anterior circulation large-vessel occlusion stroke.

Background: Collateral circulation influences clinical outcomes in patients with acute ischemic stroke due to anterior circulation large-vessel occlusion (LVO). While both arterial and venous collateral assessments on single-phase computed tomography angiography (CTA) have prognostic value, they have traditionally been evaluated independently.

Purpose: We developed the CTA Collateral Impairment Score (CCIS), a composite measure incorporating arterial (Tan) and venous (Cortical Venous Opacification Score (COVES)) scores, and investigated its association with 90-day functional outcomes.

Predictive modelling of clinically significant depressive symptoms after coronary artery bypass graft surgery: protocol for a multicentre observational study in two Swiss hospitals (the PsyCor study).

Introduction: Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) remains one of the most commonly performed cardiac surgeries worldwide. Despite surgical advancements, a significant proportion of patients experience psychological distress following surgery, with depression being particularly common. Current evidence regarding the effectiveness of preoperative psychological interventions in improving postoperative mental health outcomes remains inconclusive.

Enhanced recovery after surgery and long-term oncologic outcomes: post-hoc analysis of the POWER study.

Introduction/objectives: Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality. While Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) programs optimize perioperative care, their effect on oncologic prognosis requires further validation. This study evaluates ERAS adherence and five-year survival through a post-hoc analysis of the POWER Study.

Clinical implementation and outcome evaluation of dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPYD) pharmacogenomic testing for fluoropyrimidine dosing in a Canadian Provincial Healthcare center.

Background: 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) and its pro-drug, capecitabine, are widely used to treat solid tumors. Patients with dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase (DPYD) deficiency are at increased risk for severe treatment-related toxicity. This study reported the implementation of DPYD genotyping in clinical practice and assessed the impact of genotype-guided dosing on clinical outcomes.

The Association of Serum Bicarbonate with Psychological and Physical Health-Related Quality of Life in Patients Receiving Maintenance Hemodialysis: A Secondary Analysis of the Frequent Hemodialysis Network (FHN) Daily Trial.

Introduction: Serum bicarbonate (S) is a surrogate for acid-base. While higher and lower S concentrations are associated with mortality in patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis (HD), the association of S with patient-reported outcomes is unclear.

Methods: Using data from the Frequent Hemodialysis Network Daily Trial, we performed linear and repeated measures random effects regression to assess the association of pre-HD S with general well-being (feeling thermometer score), Beck's Depression Inventory score, and Physical Health Composite score.

A semi-empirical Bayes approach for calibrating weak instrumental bias in sex-specific Mendelian randomization studies.

Strong sex differences exist in sleep phenotypes and also cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). However, sex-specific causal effects of sleep phenotypes on CVD-related outcomes have not been thoroughly examined. Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis is a useful approach for estimating the causal effect of a risk factor on an outcome of interest when interventional studies are not available.

Mastectomy and breast augmentation outcomes among nonbinary, transgender, and cisgender adults.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate epidemiologic characteristics and postoperative complications among nonbinary, transgender, and cisgender adults undergoing mastectomy or breast augmentation. Comparable postoperative complication rates were observed between gender modality cohorts undergoing breast augmentation, but higher complication rates were observed among cisgender patients following mastectomy, likely due to variations in clinical indications and technique. These results underscore the safety of chest surgery for gender-diverse patients.

Changes in Cost of Guideline-Concordant Cancer Treatment: Observations and Implications.

Purpose: Cost of cancer care in the United States is substantial. Previous studies have explored pricing comparisons at the level of individual cancer drugs but not that of clinical indications. This study evaluates cost patterns for providing the best guideline-concordant therapy for solid tumor treatment indications.

It's getting hot in here: Heating up the tumor microenvironment with an oral HO-1 inhibitor.

A new orally bioavailable HO-1 inhibitor enhances tumor clearance after chemotherapy in mice by enhancing the recruitment of CD8 T cells.

Loss-of-function mutations ensure that response to immune checkpoint therapy is NOD2 be denied.

Loss-of-function mutations in NOD2 may predict positive response to PD-1 blockade monotherapy in cancer.

Acoustofluidic system for targeted antibody removal in transplantation: Enabling small-volume therapeutic apheresis.

Antibody-mediated rejection is a leading cause of allograft failure and mortality in pediatric solid organ transplant recipients. Current apheresis systems require large blood volumes and are primarily designed for adults, making them unsuitable for children and small animals. These systems often indiscriminately remove both harmful and protective antibodies, increasing the risk of complications such as life-threatening infections.

Aldosterone synthase inhibition: a novel bullet to fight cardiovascular-kidney metabolic syndrome.

Aldosterone is synthesized by the CYP11B2 enzyme, primarily in the zona glomerulosa of the adrenal gland. It exerts its classical effects on sodium and water balance in the renal distal nephron through binding to the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR). Excess aldosterone production or overactivation of the MR outside the distal nephron leads to cardiac, renal, and vascular injury by increasing oxidative stress and activating the inflammatory and fibrotic pathways.

Implementing high-quality cancer survivorship care in primary care: future directions for policy and research.

Nearly 20 million people in the U.S. are living with and beyond a cancer diagnosis, many of whom survive for decades after treatment.