Cone Unit-Based Anatomical Liver Resection Guided by Preoperative Embolization and ICG Fluorescence: A Novel Surgical Strategy.

Background: The liver cone unit (Tokyo 2020 terminology) of the peripheral portal vein territory represents the smallest anatomical and functional unit of the liver. While this unit enables anatomical, subsegmental resection, particularly in patients with cirrhosis, the tumor-bearing cone unit can be challenging to identify intraoperatively. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A 58-year-old man with hepatitis C-related cirrhosis (Child-Pugh B) was diagnosed with a subcapsular hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in segment 8.

Targeting FSP1 to induce ferroptosis in chromophobe renal cell carcinoma.

There are no proven therapies for metastatic or unresectable Chromophobe Renal Cell Carcinoma (ChRCC). ChRCC is characterized by high glutathione levels and hypersensitivity to ferroptosis, an iron-dependent form of cell death characterized by peroxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids. The underlying mechanisms leading to ferroptosis hypersensitivity are unknown.

Developing a collaborative network for cystic fibrosis in Africa: A call to action.

Background: Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disorder that remains underrecognized across Africa, where limited diagnostic capacity, low awareness, and competing health priorities contribute to delayed or missed diagnoses [1-4]. Although increasing data suggests CF is more prevalent than previously believed in Africa, survival remains poor [1]. These challenges do not only affect people with CF (pwCF) in Africa but also have implications for global understanding of the disease, particularly among populations historically excluded from CF research and treatment advances.

Multiomics approach to evaluating personalized biomarkers of allergen immunotherapy.

Recent advancements in genomics and "omic" technologies have ushered in a transformative era referred to as personalized or precision medicine. This innovative approach considers the unique genetic profiles of individuals, along with a range of variability factors, to devise tailored disease treatments and prevention strategies that cater to the distinct needs of each patient. Although the terms personalized medicine and precision medicine are frequently utilized interchangeably, it is essential to delineate the subtle distinctions between them.

Intraocular pressure changes following vitrectomy with and without phacoemulsification: an American Academy of Ophthalmology IRIS® registry analysis.

Objective: To describe observed intraocular pressure (IOP) changes following vitrectomy (PPV) surgery and PPV combined with phacoemulsification in eyes with and without glaucoma.

Methods: A total of 20,894 patients from the American Academy of Ophthalmology IRIS® Registry (Intelligent Research in Sight) who underwent vitrectomy surgery for epiretinal membrane or vitreous opacities from January 2016 to March 2023 were included. Mean IOPs from postoperative day 1, days 2-10, days 11-30, and then monthly through 6 months were compared to baseline.

Dual-Action Nanotherapy: Temozolomide-Loaded, Anti-PD-L1 scFv-Functionalized Lipid Nanocarriers for Targeted Glioblastoma Therapy.

Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly malignant brain tumor with limited treatment options and poor prognosis. GBM exhibits resistance to conventional therapies, including temozolomide (TMZ), radiotherapy, and immunotherapy, partly due to immunosuppressive mechanisms such as programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) overexpression. To address these challenges, we developed TMZ-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) conjugated with anti-PD-L1 single-chain variable fragments (scFv) for dual chemo-immunotherapy.

Rationale and Design of the Comparative Effectiveness of ICD Versus Non-ICD Therapy in Contemporary Heart Failure Patients at a Low Risk for Arrhythmic Death (CONTEMP-ICD) trial.

Background: Current recommendations for a prophylactic (primary prevention) implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) in patients with both ischemic and non-ischemic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) originate from clinical trials conducted in selected patients over 20 years ago that showed an overall statistically significant survival benefit associated with a primary prevention ICD in the range of 23%-34%. The recent introduction of angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitors [ARNI] and sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors [SGLT2i]) was shown to further reduce the risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD) in patients with HFrEF. Thus, there is an unmet need appropriately designed comparative effectiveness clinical trials aimed to reassess the survival benefit of a primary prevention ICD in contemporary patients with HFrEF.

The Prevalence and Burden of Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID) Symptoms in Adults with Disorders of Gut-Brain Interaction: A Population-Based Study.

Background & Aims: Individuals with disorders of gut-brain interaction (DGBI) may experience avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) symptoms. However, extant findings have been limited to specialist neurogastroenterology clinics. We assessed the association between DGBI and ARFID within the adult general population.

Portal vein-enriched metabolites as intermediate regulators of the gut microbiome in insulin resistance.

Diet and obesity contribute to insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes, in part via the gut microbiome. To explore the role of gut-derived metabolites in this process, we assessed portal/peripheral blood metabolites in mice with different risks of obesity/diabetes, challenged with a high-fat diet (HFD) + antibiotics. In diabetes/obesity-prone C57BL/6J mice, 111 metabolites were portally enriched and 74 were peripherally enriched, many of which differed in metabolic-syndrome-resistant 129S1/129S6 mice.

MRI versus radiography as eligibility screening tool for knee osteoarthritis clinical trials: Data from the osteoarthritis initiative.

Objective: To estimate the prevalence of knee structural pathologies that may warrant exclusion from disease-modifying osteoarthritis drug (DMOAD) trials, based on MRI versus radiography, among participants who would otherwise be considered eligible for enrollment based on commonly used radiographic inclusionary criteria.

Methods: We selected participants from the baseline visit of the Osteoarthritis Initiative that met radiographic structural and clinical eligibility criteria for a DMOAD clinical trial: Radiographic OA (Kellgren-Lawrence grade 2 or 3 with medial minimum joint space width ≥ 1.5 mm); and WOMAC knee pain score between 8 and 18 (0-20 scale).

Healthy dietary pattern and risk of rheumatoid arthritis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: We aimed to determine the degree to which a healthy dietary pattern is associated with incident rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Methods: We registered this systematic review and meta-analysis in PROSPERO (CRD42025645056). Inclusion criteria were validated diet (anti-inflammatory, Mediterranean, Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH), and/or healthy eating index [HEI]); validated RA definition; dietary exposure preceding RA; and randomized controlled trial, cohort, or case-control design.

Prognostic factors for very early recurrence after neoadjuvant treatment and curative resection in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.

Introduction: Very early recurrence in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma has been defined as recurrence ≤3 months after resection. Besides others, neoadjuvant treatment is delivered based on the assumption of preoperative eradication of micrometastasis as well as local downstaging. Prognostic factors of very early recurrence after neoadjuvant treatment remain largely unexplored.

Training Volume and Training Frequency Changes Associated with Boston Marathon Race Performance.

Background: Physical training influences competitive marathon performance, including training volume and training frequency changes (TFCs) pre-race. Training intensity distribution (i.e.

Health-Related Quality-of-Life Outcomes for Upper Blepharoplasty and Blepharoptosis Surgery: A Report by the American Academy of Ophthalmology.

Purpose: To review the literature and identify the health-related quality-of-life (HRQL) outcomes that used a validated instrument in the assessment of upper blepharoplasty, blepharoptosis surgery, or combination surgery.

Methods: A literature search was last conducted in the PubMed database in January 2025 to identify all studies in the English language investigating HRQL outcomes that used a validated instrument in the assessment of upper blepharoplasty, blepharoptosis surgery, or combination surgery. The literature search yielded 773 citations, and 20 studies met the inclusion criteria.

Opioid Overdose Response and Naloxone Education in Schools.

Background: The opioid crisis continues to claim lives across the United States, which has led to increased attention toward harm reduction strategies as methods for addressing this public health issue. Specifically, naloxone, an opioid overdose reversal drug, became available over-the-counter in 2023, greatly improving its accessibility. However, despite this progress, general awareness about how to use naloxone remains limited, especially among youth who are being increasingly impacted by the opioid epidemic.

Common network related to hyperkinetic seizures revealed by functional lesion network mapping.

Objective: This study aims to determine whether the anatomically heterogeneous lesions that cause hyperkinetic seizures (HKS) are connected to a common functional network.

Methods: We identified patients from the Beijing Tiantan-Fengtai Epilepsy Center with HKs as the primary ictal semiology. These included patients had focal seizure-onset zone, here referred to as a "lesion.

Enhancing Primary Care Capacity for Cardiovascular Disease Management Through the ECHO+ Model: A Multistate Rural Collaboration Among West Virginia, Arkansas, and Oklahoma.

Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of mortality in Arkansas, West Virginia, and Oklahoma, underscoring the need for approaches to build primary care capacity to address CVD in these states.

Methods: The "ECHO+" model integrates a CVD-focused tele-education course with quality improvement (QI) training and coaching to empower rural primary care providers (PCPs) in diagnosing and managing CVD effectively.

Results: 41 clinicians participated in the program.

Unsupervised Learning Analysis of Triglycerides, Inflammation, Cholesterol, and the Risks of Incident Cardiovascular Disease and Type 2 Diabetes in the Women's Health Study.

Background: Traditional cardiovascular risk assessment entails investigator-defined exposure levels and individual risk markers in multivariable analysis. We sought to determine whether an alternative unbiased learning analysis might provide further insights into vascular risk.

Methods: We conducted an unsupervised learning (k-means cluster) analysis in the Women's Health Study (N=26 443) using baseline levels of triglycerides, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol to form novel exposures.

Advanced Glycation End-Product Carboxymethyl-Lysine and Incident Heart Failure and Atrial Fibrillation in Older Adults.

Background: Advanced glycation end-products result from chemical modification of proteins under conditions of hyperglycemia or oxidative stress common with advancing age. Advanced glycation end-product (AGE) formation alters vascular and cardiac structure and function, yet the prospective associations of circulating AGEs with heart failure (HF) and atrial fibrillation (AF) have not been studied.

Methods: We evaluated the associations of serum N-carboxymethyl-lysine (CML), a major AGE in tissue proteins, and incident HF and AF in the CHS (Cardiovascular Health Study), a population-based cohort of older adults.

LRP2 Expression in Melanoma Is Associated With a Transitory Cell State, Increased T Cell Infiltration, and Is Upregulated by IFNy Signaling.

Low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 2 (LRP2) is a 600 kilodalton multi-ligand endocytic membrane receptor expressed in several cell types during fetal development, including neuroepithelial cells, and in select absorptive epithelial cells in the adult. In epithelial cancers, LRP2 expression is associated with a differentiated tumor cell state and better prognosis. In previous work, we found that while LRP2 is not expressed in benign naevi, it is frequently acquired in melanoma.