Health-Related Quality-of-Life Outcomes for Upper Blepharoplasty and Blepharoptosis Surgery: A Report by the American Academy of Ophthalmology.

Purpose: To review the literature and identify the health-related quality-of-life (HRQL) outcomes that used a validated instrument in the assessment of upper blepharoplasty, blepharoptosis surgery, or combination surgery.

Methods: A literature search was last conducted in the PubMed database in January 2025 to identify all studies in the English language investigating HRQL outcomes that used a validated instrument in the assessment of upper blepharoplasty, blepharoptosis surgery, or combination surgery. The literature search yielded 773 citations, and 20 studies met the inclusion criteria.

The ocular surface tear film as a biomarker for systemic health.

The tear film is a complex structure with rich interactions with the human body. A growing body of evidence suggests that measuring changes in protein, lipid, or other metabolite concentration in the tear film can be used to help detect disease. Particularly in the era of precision medicine, the tear film serves as a promising source of non-invasive insights into systemic health for early diagnosis and treatment.

Orbital Patient-Specific (Customized) Implants: A Report by the American Academy of Ophthalmology.

Purpose: To review systematically the literature on the efficacy and safety of the use of patient-specific implants (PSIs) in orbital reconstructive surgery.

Methods: A literature search was last conducted in January 2025 in the PubMed database for English language original research that assessed the use of any PSI reported for orbital reconstructive surgery. Of the 219 articles identified, 51 met the inclusion criteria for this assessment and were selected for full-text review and data abstraction.

Pharmacologic Agents Used in the Assessment or Correction of Blepharoptosis: A Report by the American Academy of Ophthalmology.

Objective: To review the literature to determine the efficacy and safety of pharmacologic agents for the short-term (minutes to hours) correction of blepharoptosis.

Methods: A literature search was conducted last in the PubMed database in July 2024 to identify all studies in the English language on the use of pharmacologic agents for the correction of blepharoptosis. The search yielded 197 citations, and 26 articles met all of the inclusion criteria for this assessment.

Vision-Threatening Complications of Soft Tissue Fillers: A Report by the American Academy of Ophthalmology.

Purpose: To review evidence on ocular complications of injectable soft tissue fillers, identify features associated with risk for vision loss, and assess the efficacy and safety of reported treatments.

Methods: Literature search of the PubMed database was last conducted in May 2024. Articles were limited to English-language original research describing ocular complications of soft tissue fillers.

Patch Testing for Eyelid Dermatitis: A Report by the American Academy of Ophthalmology.

Objective: To review the literature for protocols and results of patch testing for allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) in patients with noninfectious eyelid dermatitis.

Methods: A literature search of the PubMed database was conducted last in July 2024. Articles were limited to original research for which an English language abstract was available, and in which detailed data were available for at least 25 patients being tested for noninfectious eyelid dermatitis.

Umbilical Amniotic Tissue Graft as an Alternative Approach for Eyelid Reconstruction After Necrotizing Fasciitis Debridement.

A 54-year-old female with myelodysplastic syndrome on chemotherapy presented with 10 days of periocular erythema and edema worsening on oral antibiotics. Computed Tomography scan showed periorbital soft tissue swelling without postseptal extension or abscess. Intravenous broad-spectrum antibiotics were administered.

Identifying the crucial binding domain of histatin-1 to recombinant TMEM97 in activating chemotactic migration in human corneal epithelial cells.

TMEM97, also known as the sigma-2 receptor, plays a crucial role as an endoplasmic reticular protein involved in various physiological processes such as wound healing, and cholesterol metabolism. Moreover, TMEM97 has been implicated in multiple human diseases including neurodegenerative disorders and cancers. Histatin peptides are endogenous peptides with diverse biological effects, including antimicrobial, immunomodulatory, and wound healing functions.

Eyelid Motion Tracking During Blinking Using High-Speed Imaging and Digital Image Correlation.

This study presents a novel technique to measure the motion of the eyelid during blinking. High-speed imaging and digital image correlation (DIC) were employed to monitor the eyelid during blinking in a noninvasive manner. Both spontaneous and reflex blinks were studied.

Staged Excision Technique for Periocular Cutaneous Melanoma: Long-Term Outcomes of the Square Procedure.

Purpose: To examine the long-term outcome of the staged excision via the square procedure for the treatment of periocular thin cutaneous melanoma.

Methods: A retrospective chart review of 95 periocular cutaneous melanoma-in-situ and microinvasive melanoma tumors that were treated with the square procedure between April 1, 1994 and December 31, 2018 at the University of Michigan. Demographic and clinical data were evaluated.

Intraoperative Image Guidance in Orbital and Lacrimal Surgery: A Report by the American Academy of Ophthalmology.

Purpose: To review the efficacy and safety of the use of intraoperative image guidance (IIG) in orbital and lacrimal surgery.

Methods: A literature search of the PubMed database was last conducted in November 2023 for English-language original research that assessed the use of any image guidance system in orbital and lacrimal surgery that included at least 5 patients. The search identified 524 articles; 94 were selected for full-text analysis by the panel.

Use of Mitomycin C in Dacryocystorhinostomy: A Report by the American Academy of Ophthalmology.

Purpose: To review the literature on the adjuvant use of mitomycin C (MMC) during dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) in adults with primary nasolacrimal duct obstructions (NLDOs) to determine the efficacy in improving functional and anatomic outcomes with an acceptable level of risk.

Methods: A literature search conducted in November 2020 and updated in November 2022 yielded 137 articles. Twenty-four articles met the inclusion criteria and were rated for level of evidence by the panel methodologist.

Thermal Pulsation in the Management of Meibomian Gland Dysfunction and Dry Eye: A Report by the American Academy of Ophthalmology.

Purpose: To review the literature to determine the efficacy and safety of thermal pulsation technologies in improving signs or symptoms of meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD) and dry eye compared with no therapy or with conventional warm compress therapy or eyelid hygiene.

Methods: A literature search was conducted in the PubMed database in June 2022 and again in March 2023 to identify all studies in the English language on the use of thermal pulsation to treat MGD or dry eye. The search yielded 59 citations, and 11 articles met all of the inclusion criteria.

Discovery of AD258 as a Sigma Receptor Ligand with Potent Antiallodynic Activity.

The design and synthesis of a series of 2,7-diazaspiro[4.4]nonane derivatives as potent sigma receptor (SR) ligands, associated with analgesic activity, are the focus of this work. In this study, affinities at S1R and S2R were measured, and molecular modeling studies were performed to investigate the binding pose characteristics.

Modulation of ocular surface desiccation in a murine model by histatin-5 application.

Purpose: To determine the efficacy of Histatin-5 (Hst5) peptide treatment in ameliorating dry eye disease (DED) phenotype in an in-vivo mouse model of scopolamine and desiccating stress (SDS) dry eye.

Methods: SDS was induced in female C57BL/6 mice by subcutaneous injections of scopolamine hydrobromide and exposure to low relative humidity and forced air draft for five days. Mouse eyes were topically treated with synthetic Hst5 peptide or balanced salt solution (BSS) twice a day for four days.

A review of surgical management of progressive myogenic ptosis.

Purpose: Surgical correction of myogenic ptosis is a sophisticated endeavor, as the disease is progressive and the post-operative course is prone to significant complications. We sought to review the literature for repair techniques in different types of myogenic ptosis.

Methods: A PubMed/MEDLINE literature search of publications pertaining to surgical outcomes of progressive myogenic ptosis repair was performed.

Ocular surface disease in thyroid eye disease: A narrative review.

Ocular surface disease (OSD) in the setting of thyroid eye disease (TED) is traditionally thought of as a natural consequence of anatomical changes such as proptosis and corneal exposure. However, a growing body of research suggests that ocular surface inflammation and multi-factorial changes to the homeostasis of the ocular surface contribute substantially to the OSD seen in TED patients. In this paper we review the existing literature which highlights the work and existing theories underlying this new paradigm shift.

Orbital Radiation for Thyroid Eye Disease: A Report by the American Academy of Ophthalmology.

Purpose: To review the current literature on the safety and efficacy of orbital radiation for the management of thyroid eye disease (TED).

Methods: A literature search was conducted last in February 2021 of the PubMed database to identify all articles published in the English language on original research that assessed the effect of orbital radiation on TED. The search identified 55 articles, and 18 met the inclusion criteria for this assessment.

Adjustable Sutures in the Treatment of Strabismus: A Report by the American Academy of Ophthalmology.

Purpose: To review the scientific literature that evaluates the effectiveness of adjustable sutures in the management of strabismus for adult and pediatric patients.

Methods: Literature searches were performed in the PubMed database through April 2021 with no date limitations and were restricted to publications in English. The searches identified 551 relevant citations, of which 55 were reviewed in full text.

Histatin-1 Attenuates LPS-Induced Inflammatory Signaling in RAW264.7 Macrophages.

Macrophages play a critical role in the inflammatory response to environmental triggers, such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Inflammatory signaling through macrophages and the innate immune system are increasingly recognized as important contributors to multiple acute and chronic disease processes. Nitric oxide (NO) is a free radical that plays an important role in immune and inflammatory responses as an important intercellular messenger.

Histatin-1 is an endogenous ligand of the sigma-2 receptor.

The Sigma-2 receptor (S2R) (a.k.a TMEM97) is an important endoplasmic reticular protein involved in cancer, cholesterol processing, cell migration, and neurodegenerative diseases, including Niemann-Pick Type C.

Homeopathic Agents or Vitamins in Reducing Ecchymosis after Oculofacial Surgery: A Report by the American Academy of Ophthalmology.

Purpose: To review the published literature to determine the efficacy and safety of homeopathic agents or vitamins in reducing ecchymosis after oculofacial surgery or laser surgery.

Methods: A literature search was conducted in the PubMed database initially in December 2019 and updated in March 2020 to identify all studies in the English language literature on the use of homeopathic agents or vitamins in oculofacial procedures, including laser surgery. The search yielded 124 citations, and 11 articles met all inclusion criteria for this assessment.

Corneal neurotization for neurotrophic keratopathy: Review of surgical techniques and outcomes.

Neurotrophic keratopathy is a degenerative disease in which damage to the corneal nerves leads to corneal hypoesthesia. Injuries to neurotrophic corneas are notoriously difficult to treat and have traditionally been approached with supportive management. However, recent progress in the field of corneal neurotization has given new direction for addressing nerve loss directly by stimulating new nerve growth onto the cornea from nearby sensory nerves transferred to the perilimbal region.

The Role of Endogenous Antimicrobial Peptides in Modulating Innate Immunity of the Ocular Surface in Dry Eye Diseases.

The ocular surface has the challenging responsibility of maintaining a clear moist refractive surface while protecting the eye from exogenous pathogens and the environment. Homeostasis of the ocular surface, including its innate immune components, is altered in ocular surface disease states. In this review, we focus on antimicrobial peptides and the role they play in the immune response of the ocular surface during healthy states and dry eye diseases.