A monolithically integrated near-infrared imager with crystallization- and oxidation-modulated tin-lead perovskites.

The fast crystallization and facile oxidation of Sn of tin-lead (Sn-Pb) perovskites are the biggest challenges for their applications in high-performance near-infrared (NIR) photodetectors and imagers. Here, we introduce a multifunctional diphenyl sulfoxide (DPSO) molecule into perovskite precursor ink to response these issues by revealing its strong binding interactions with the precursor species. The regulated perovskite film exhibits a dense morphology, reduced defect density and prolonged carrier diffusion length.

Targeting Ferroptosis: Emerging Insights into Osteoporosis Mechanisms.

Ferroptosis, a distinct form of programmed cell death characterized by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation, has emerged as a critical factor in the pathogenesis of various diseases. Given the increasing prevalence of osteoporosis worldwide and the increasing incidence of osteoporosis, understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying bone loss is imperative for developing targeted therapies. Recent evidence suggests that ferroptosis plays a pivotal role in osteoporosis by influencing the balance between osteoblast and osteoclast activity.

Amplified transmission in full- space empowered by photonic temporal quasicrystal.

Photonic time crystals can induce amplified radiation associated through momentum-gap modes, leading to various optical applications. However, the size of momentum is finite because of the finite relative change of the refraction index, while the amplification of the gaps is needed in the entire momentum space. Here, we introduce the concept of the photonic temporal Fibonacci quasicrystal.

NETs accelerate aortic valve calcification by promoting M1 macrophage polarization through the TLR9 signaling pathway.

Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are positively correlated with the severity of calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD). This study aims to elucidate the mechanism by which NETs contribute to CAVD. The CAVD mice model was established by calcification-promoting diets, and NETs formation was modulated via intraperitoneal injection of Cl-amidine.

The novel role of DUSP4 in suppressing ferroptosis and promoting cytotoxicity of CD8 T cells in MSI colorectal cancer.

Background: Microsatellite instable (MSI) colorectal cancer (CRC) has distinct features that distinguish it from microsatellite stable CRC. While ferroptosis may play a role in the development of MSI CRC, its mechanisms remain unclear.

Methods: Ferroptosis was assessed via the detection of lipid peroxidation, malondialdehyde, 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal, and intracellular Fe2, etc.

Molecular Design of Self-Doping Cathode Interlayer for Efficient and Humidity-Resistant Organic Photovoltaic Cells.

The power conversion efficiency (PCE) of organic photovoltaic (OPV) cells has surpassed 20%. However, their stability remains a critical issue that requires further improvement, particularly due to severe performance degradation under humid conditions. To tackle this challenge, a series of cathode interlayer materials─NDIP-M, NDIP3F-M, and NDIP4F-M─were rationally designed and synthesized through side-chain engineering combined with fluorination strategies.

Defect-Engineered Continuous 3D Single-Atom Catalysts for Enhanced Oxygen Reduction Performance.

In the presence of carbon-based substrates, the mobility of metal atoms is thermodynamically enhanced, leading to the aggregation of single atoms into clusters. To address this challenge, the coordination between isolated metal atoms and nitrogen (Nx) has been utilized to anchor single atoms and prevent aggregation. Among these structures, Fe─N-C moieties, with atomic-level dispersion, demonstrate promising oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalytic activity.

Foci-multiplexed optical printing of high-transmittance infrared subwavelength-structured surface.

The anti-reflective subwavelength structures achieved by converting the abrupt refractive index change at the interface into a gradual variation, have emerged as a viable solution to enhance light transmittance. Nevertheless, to produce these structures on the hard and brittle infrared windows remains a formidable challenge. This paper presents a method for creating micro-nanostructures on the surface of an infrared window using femtosecond laser direct writing technology.

Uncertainty-aware Medical Diagnostic Phrase Identification and Grounding.

Medical phrase grounding is crucial for identifying relevant regions in medical images based on phrase queries, facilitating accurate image analysis and diagnosis. However, current methods rely on manual extraction of key phrases from medical reports, reducing efficiency and increasing the workload for clinicians. Additionally, the lack of model confidence estimation limits clinical trust and usability.

Evaluation of Grouting Reinforcement Effectiveness in Coal Seam Floors Using the Monte Carlo Analytical Hierarchy Process: A Case Study of the Rongkang Coal Mine.

Pregrouting reinforcement of the coal seam floor is an effective measure for preventing floor water hazards. However, how to objectively evaluate the grouting effectiveness using data from drilling and grouting construction processes remains an urgent issue that needs to be addressed. Based on the coal seam floor grouting project at the Rongkang Coal Mine in Shanxi Province, this study developed a comprehensive evaluation index system for assessing the effectiveness of coal seam floor grouting, consisting of six evaluation indicators.

The Beneficial Effects of Berberine on Brain Functions in Age-Related Neurological Disorders: From Molecular Signaling to Treatment.

Berberine (BBR), a naturally occurring compound with diverse medicinal properties, is emerging as a compelling candidate for managing age-related central nervous system conditions. Preclinical studies have extensively explored its impact on neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, and Huntington's disease, revealing its capacity to modulate key pathological processes. Mechanistically, BBR is shown to mitigate neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and endoplasmic reticulum stress, thereby reducing neuronal damage and apoptosis.

Impact of Sugarcane-Pumpkin Intercropping on Soil Microbial Diversity.

Intercropping has been widely proven to boost agricultural yields and control diseases. This study examined the impact of sugarcane monoculture (SM) and sugarcane-pumpkin intercropping (IP) systems on soil physicochemical characteristics and microbial community dynamics. Compared to monoculture, intercropping significantly increased soil pH by 8.

Current status and future perspectives of research on intra-articular drug delivery systems for osteoarthritis therapy.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease and the leading cause of joint-related disability worldwide. In current clinical treatment approaches, drug therapy remains widely used, primarily through systemic administration of anti-inflammatory drugs and intra-articular injections. However, effective OA treatment remains challenging due to several barriers: the continuous flow of synovial fluid, the dense and negatively charged cartilage matrix, and the resulting poor drug accumulation at target sites.

Factors associated with survival and recurrence of temporal bone squamous cell carcinoma: a single-center clinical study.

Background: Temporal bone squamous cell carcinoma (TBSCC) is a clinically rare, yet highly aggressive, malignant tumor of the temporal bone, characterized by a poor prognosis and a high mortality rate.

Aims: The aim of this study was to assess the survival and recurrence rates of TBSCC patients treated at our institution and to identify factors related to postoperative recurrence and prognosis.

Material And Methods: This retrospective study evaluated 81 histologically confirmed TBSCC cases (2000-2020) with follow-up through August 2022.

Integrative Transcriptomic and Biochemical Analysis Reveals Key HSP20/Alpha-Crystallin Genes Associated with Heat Tolerance in Rice.

This study presents a detailed analysis of the molecular mechanisms involved in heat stress tolerance in rice, focusing on the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) protein processing pathway. Through RNA sequencing (RNA-seq), we identified differentially expressed genes in two rice varieties, BNP162 and BNP206, emphasizing the importance of ER quality control mechanisms in maintaining cellular balance during heat stress. We identified three novel genes, Os11g0244200, Os01g0135800, and Os04g0445100, belonging to the Hsp20/alpha crystallin family, which are upregulated in response to heat stress.

Effect of dietary polyphenols along with exercise on hepatic transcriptional regulators of lipid metabolism.

The increasing dangers of aging dyslipidemia, such as cardiovascular disease, which is one of the major causes of mortality globally, must be prevented and managed due to the detrimental consequences of age-associated dyslipidemia, particularly its dangerous effects on the cardiovascular system. Numerous studies have shown that various forms of physical activity, including strength training and moderate aerobic workouts, have a good impact on middle-aged, adult, and elderly people's lipid profiles, inflammatory responses, and cardiovascular risk. Besides exercise, natural substances found in fruits and plants, including polyphenols which have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant qualities, can also enhance health and slow down the effects of aging on changes in lipid profiles and cardiovascular irregularities.

Noise-inspired diffusion model for generalizable low-dose CT reconstruction.

The generalization of deep learning-based low-dose computed tomography (CT) reconstruction models to doses unseen in the training data is important and remains challenging. Previous efforts heavily rely on paired data to improve the generalization performance and robustness through collecting either diverse CT data for re-training or a few test data for fine-tuning. Recently, diffusion models have shown promising and generalizable performance in low-dose CT (LDCT) reconstruction, however, they may produce unrealistic structures due to the CT image noise deviating from Gaussian distribution and imprecise prior information from the guidance of noisy LDCT images.

Development of indicator system for early warning of clinical nursing critical values in general wards: a Delphi study.

Aim: This study aimed to develop an indicator system for early warning of clinical nursing critical values for implementation in general wards.

Background: By simultaneously assessing multiple physiological parameters, subtle changes in a patient's clinical status can be more readily identified. However, the literature indicates that current early warning systems (EWS) are primarily utilized in in critical care units (ICU), prehospital first aid and hospital emergency cases.

Arthroscopic Knotless Anchor Through High Posterolateral Portal for Treating Medial Meniscal Posterior Root Tears.

Surgery can repair medial meniscal posterior root tears to restore the biological function of the meniscus. Transtibial pullout repair is most common, but suture anchor repair offers great biomechanical stability and avoids the bungee effect. Suture anchor repair through the posteromedial portal has limitations, which have been widely reported.

A highly scalable deep learning language model for common risks prediction among psychiatric inpatients.

Background: There is a lack of studies exploring the performance of Transformers-based language models in common risks assessment among psychiatric inpatients. We aim to develop a scalable risk assessment model using multidimensional textualized data and test the stability, robustness, and benefit of this approach.

Methods: In this real-world cohort study, a deep learning language model was developed and validated using first hospitalized cases diagnosed with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and depressive disorder between January 2016 and March 2023 in three hospitals.

Sphingolipid metabolism-related genes as diagnostic markers in pneumonia-induced sepsis: the AUG model.

Pneumonia-induced sepsis (PIS) is a life-threatening condition with high mortality rates, necessitating the identification of biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Sphingolipid, particularly ceramides, are pivotal in modulating immune responses and determining cell fate. In this study, we identified a novel gene signature related to sphingolipid metabolism, comprising ACER3, UGCG, and GBA, which are key enzymes involved in the synthesis and metabolism of ceramides.

Perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection and postoperative complications: a single-centre retrospective cohort study in China.

Objective: To explore the association between perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection and the postoperative complications during the breakout of the Omicron epidemic wave.

Design: Observational retrospective cohort study. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to explore the association between the duration from surgery to COVID-19 diagnosis and the likelihood of postoperative complications.

Harnessing the β-boron effect for regioselective Ru-catalyzed hydrosilylation of internal alkynes.

Metal-catalyzed hydrosilylation of alkynes is recognized as a straightforward and atom economic method for synthesizing alkenylsilanes. While substantial advancements have been made with terminal alkynes, achieving precise regio- and stereocontrol with unsymmetrical internal alkynes remains a significant challenge. In this study, we report the utilization of an intriguing β-boron effect in metal catalysis, enabling an exclusively regioselective Ru-catalyzed hydrosilylation of propargylic N-methyliminodiacetic acid boronates (B(MIDA)) to synthesize alkenylsilanes.

The effect of ego-depletion on college students' deceptive behavior: the role of anonymity and moral emotions.

Objective: The present study aimed to investigate the effects of anonymity and moral emotions on college students' deceptive behavior under different ego depletion conditions.

Methods: In Experiment 1, 120 college students were recruited and assigned to a 2 (ego depletion: high vs. low) × 2 (anonymity: anonymous vs.