Ruptured vertebrobasilar junction aneurysm coexisting with isolated interrupted aortic arch and basilar artery hypoplasia in an adult female: illustrative case.

Background: Vertebrobasilar junction (VBJ) aneurysms are frequently associated with basilar artery variations like fenestration or hypoplasia, altering hemodynamics. An interrupted aortic arch (IAA), a rare congenital malformation, may contribute to intracranial aneurysms via vascular wall defects, hemodynamic stress, and compensatory hypertension. Coexistence of IAA with cerebrovascular anomalies and VBJ aneurysms is exceptionally rare, with no prior documented cases.

Micropulse transscleral cyclophotocoagulation in the treatment of autosomal recessive bestrophinopathy combined with angle closure glaucoma: a case report.

Background: Autosomal recessive bestrophinopathy (ARB) comprises remarkable retinal dystrophy characterized by yellowish subretinal lesions scattered in the posterior pole and is always accompanied with refractory angle-closure glaucoma (ACG). The treatment of ACG patients with ARB is a major challenge for all ophthalmologists.

Case Presentation: A 12-year-old female child was diagnosed with ARB and ACG and presented with discrete, round, yellow-white deposits of variable sizes scattered in the retina, retinoschisis in the macular, shallow anterior chamber depth and angle closure with uncontrolled intraocular pressure (IOP).

Heterozygous Kctd5 knockout mice exhibit abnormal lipid metabolism.

The KCTD gene family is conserved across species, yet the knowledge of its function is limited. Recently, increasing studies focused on KCTD5 emerged. The functions of KCTD5 and its associations with various diseases were revealed.

Novel insights showing SecA protein localization and distribution of phytoplasma in insect vector Empoasca paraparvipenis.

The Camptotheca acuminata witches-broom (CaWB-YNws) is one of the most severe diseases of C. acuminata and the insect vector is Empoasca paraparvipenis Zhang and Liu-CA (E. paraparvipenis-CA).

Fe-S cluster deficiency drives small colony variant formation in persistent infections.

Introduction: Small colony variants (SCVs) of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) are associated with persistent infections and poor clinical outcomes. The mechanisms driving stable SCV formation remain poorly understood, particularly concerning metabolic adaptations.

DLK/JNK3 Upregulation Aggravates Hair Cell Senescence in Mice Cochleae via Excessive Autophagy.

Cell death mediated by the abnormal activation of autophagy has been observed in many neurodegenerative diseases. Dual leucine zipper kinase (DLK), a member of the mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade, plays a key role in regulating cellular autophagy and the progression of neurodegenerative diseases. However, its role in age-related hearing loss has not been reported.

RNF138 regulates skeletal muscle differentiation via the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.

Myogenesis is a strictly regulated process driven by signaling pathways activating muscle-specific gene expression. During myogenesis, muscle stem cells exhibit DNA damage response (DDR) features, which are essential for myoblast differentiation and skeletal muscle regeneration. However, the specific roles of DDR-associated proteins in these processes are not yet fully understood.

Neuroinflammation and energy metabolism: a dual perspective on ischemic stroke.

Ischemic stroke is a prevalent form of cerebrovascular accident, with its pathogenesis involving the intricate interplay between neuroinflammation and energy metabolism. Cerebral ischemia disrupts oxygen and energy supply, triggering metabolic dysregulation and activating neuroinflammatory responses, ultimately resulting in cellular damage. This review provides an exhaustive analysis of the complex mechanisms of ischemic stroke, with a particular focus on the interaction between neuroinflammation and energy metabolism.

Upregulation of LXRβ/ABCA1 pathway alleviates cochlear hair cell senescence of C57BL/6 J mice via reducing lipid droplet accumulation.

Senescence and loss of cochlear hair cells is an important pathologic basis of age-related hearing loss. Lipid droplet accumulation has previously been shown to play an important role in neurodegeneration; however, its role in age-related hearing loss has not yet been investigated. LXRβ/ABCA1 is a key pathway that regulates lipid metabolism, while its dysfunction can cause abnormal accumulation of lipid droplets in neurons, leading to neurodegeneration.

Dissecting the relationships between the insect vector with witches' broom phytoplasma.

Phytoplasmas are phloem-limited bacteria that are primarily transmitted by hemipteran insects and are emerging threats to Decne plants due to their associations with a witches' broom disease. Despite numerous studies, there has been no report on insect transmission of phytoplasma among . Here, transmission characteristics of the leafhopper, Zhang and Liu, 2008 and the phytoplasma in plant leaves through PCR quantification are described.

The role of cochlea extracellular matrix in age-related hearing loss.

Age-related hearing loss (ARHL) is a common disease among the elderly. Although its pathogenesis remains unclear by now, it is widely accepted that ARHL is associated with the degenerative alterations within each component of the cochlea. Extracellular matrix (ECM) plays a crucial role in cochlear structure and function, providing not only structural support but also participating in vital physiological processes including the development, differentiation, survival of auditory sensory cells, and sound perception.

Verapamil attenuates myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury by inhibiting apoptosis via activating the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway.

Apoptosis is a crucial pathological process in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury (MIRI). Verapamil (Ver), normally used to treat hypertension or heart rhythm disorders, also attenuates MIRI. The potential of Ver to inhibit apoptosis and thereby attenuate MIRI remains unclear, as does the mechanism.

A negative feedback regulatory module comprising R3-MYB repressor MYBL2 and R2R3-MYB activator PAP1 fine-tunes high light-induced anthocyanin biosynthesis in Arabidopsis.

Anthocyanins, a group of flavonoids, play diverse roles in plant growth and environmental adaptation. The biosynthesis and accumulation of anthocyanin are regulated by environmental cues, such as high light. However, the precise mechanism underlying anthocyanin biosynthesis under high light conditions remains largely unclear.

Histone deacetylase GhHDA5 negatively regulates Verticillium wilt resistance in cotton.

Verticillium wilt (VW) caused by Verticillium dahliae (V. dahliae) is one of the most destructive diseases in cotton (Gossypium spp.).

Pipeline multi-type high consequence area identification based on mask R-CNN with fused attention mechanisms.

Identification of high consequence areas is an important task in pipeline integrity management. However, traditional identification methods are generally characterized by low efficiency, high cost and low accuracy. For this reason, this paper proposes a recognition method based on the improved algorithm Mask Region-based Convolutional Neural Network.

RT-RPA-Ago detection platform for one-tube simultaneous typing diagnosis of human respiratory syncytial virus.

Human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) is the most prevalent pathogen contributing to acute respiratory tract infections (ARTI) in infants and young children and can lead to significant financial and medical costs. Here, we developed a simultaneous, dual-gene and ultrasensitive detection system for typing HRSV within 60 minutes that needs only minimum laboratory support. Briefly, multiplex integrating reverse transcription-recombinase polymerase amplification (RT-RPA) was performed with viral RNA extracted from nasopharyngeal swabs as a template for the amplification of the specific regions of subtypes A (HRSV) and B (HRSV) of HRSV.

The Role of miRNAs in Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage.

Subarachnoid hemorrhage is a serious subtype of stroke with high mortality and disability. The rupture of intracranial aneurysms is the main cause. However, in recent years, with the popularization of CT, MRI, and cerebral angiography, the detection rate of unruptured aneurysms has increased, and the incidence of aneurysm rupture and hemorrhage has gradually decreased.

A novel homozygous RSPH4A variant in a family with primary ciliary dyskinesia and literature review.

Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a rare heterogeneous disease caused by abnormalities in motile cilia. In this case report, we first analyzed the clinical and genetic data of a proband who was suspected of having PCD on the basis of her clinical and radiological findings. Whole-exome sequencing was performed, and a variant in the gene was identified in the proband.

Comparison of Different Intraocular Lens Power Calculation Formulas in Eyes With Primary Angle Closure.

Study Design: Prospective case series.

Prcis: This prospective study determines which formulas can best predict the refractive outcome in patients with primary angle closure disease (PACD) after cataract surgery.

Objective: To compare the accuracy of 6 intraocular lens power calculation formulas, Barrett Universal II (BU II), Haigis, Hoffer Q, Holladay I, Kane and SRK/T, in eyes with PACD.

Chromosomal integration and plasmid fusion occurring in ST20 carbapenem-resistant isolates coharboring and induce resistance transmission and fitness variation.

To investigate the epidemiology of ST20 carbapenem-resistant (CRKP) in China, and further explore the genomic characteristics of and coharboring isolates and plasmid contributions to resistance and fitness. Seven ST20 CRKP isolates were collected nationwide, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed. Antimicrobial resistance genes, virulence genes, and plasmid replicons were identified via whole-genome sequencing, and clonality assessed via core-genome multilocus sequence typing.

Excessive processing and acetylation of OPA1 aggravate age-related hearing loss via the dysregulation of mitochondrial dynamics.

The pathogenesis of age-related hearing loss (ARHL) remains unclear. OPA1 is the sole fusion protein currently known to be situated in the inner mitochondrial membrane, which is pivotal for maintaining normal mitochondrial function. While it has already been demonstrated that mutations in OPA1 may lead to hereditary deafness, its involvement in the occurrence and development of ARHL has not been previously explored.

Impact of cholesterol homeostasis within cochlear cells on auditory development and hearing loss.

Cholesterol is the most abundant sterol molecule in mammalian cells, which not only constitutes the cell membrane but also plays essential roles in the synthesis of important hormones, synapse formation, and cell signal transduction. The effect of hypercholesterolemia on hearing has been studied extensively, and multiple studies have demonstrated that hypercholesterolemia is a risk factor for hearing loss. However, the impact of cholesterol homeostasis within auditory cells on peripheral auditory development and maintenance has not been evaluated in detail.

Prevalence and characteristics of coronary artery fistulas among 20 259 patients undergoing invasive coronary angiography.

Background: Coronary artery fistula (CAF) is a rare coronary anomaly. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence, clinical features, and imaging characteristics of CAF among patients undergoing coronary angiography (CAG).

Method: This was a retrospective study including 20 259 consecutive patients (12 458 were male) who underwent CAG at our institution from September 2018 to March 2023.

The association between ambient air pollution exposure and connective tissue sarcoma risk: a nested case-control study using a nationwide population-based database.

A nationwide population-based database was utilized in a nested case-control study to explore the association between ambient air pollution exposure and the likelihood of developing connective tissue sarcoma. The study examined 280 cases of connective tissue sarcoma diagnosed between 2000 and 2012. A random sample of 1120 control subjects was selected from a subpopulation of claim records without a connective tissue sarcoma diagnosis in a 1:4 ratio.