Ruptured vertebrobasilar junction aneurysm coexisting with isolated interrupted aortic arch and basilar artery hypoplasia in an adult female: illustrative case.

Background: Vertebrobasilar junction (VBJ) aneurysms are frequently associated with basilar artery variations like fenestration or hypoplasia, altering hemodynamics. An interrupted aortic arch (IAA), a rare congenital malformation, may contribute to intracranial aneurysms via vascular wall defects, hemodynamic stress, and compensatory hypertension. Coexistence of IAA with cerebrovascular anomalies and VBJ aneurysms is exceptionally rare, with no prior documented cases.

TRIM29 promotes glioblastoma progression via ubiquitinating NEFL and activating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway.

Tripartite motif-containing protein 29 (TRIM29) is a regulator of tumor progression across multiple cancer types. However, its functional significance in glioblastoma (GBM) remains poorly defined. In this study, we investigated the biological roles of TRIM29 in GBM and elucidated its underlying molecular mechanisms.

TRIM22 promotes glioblastoma development by ubiquitinating Bcl-2.

Glioblastoma (GBM) exhibits elevated TRIM22 expression correlated with tumor progression, as validated in TCGA/GEO databases. The effects of TRIM22 knockdown and overexpression on GBM proliferation were evaluated with cellular assays. TRIM22 was identified as a potential Bcl-2 activator via a ubiquitination microarray.

Stress-induced pro-inflammatory glioblastoma stem cells secrete TNFAIP6 to enhance tumor growth and induce suppressive macrophages.

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive primary intracranial tumor, with glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs) enforcing the intratumoral hierarchy. The inflammatory microenvironment influences tumor development at varying stages, while the underlying mechanism of GSCs facing pro-inflammatory stress remains unclear. Here, we show that, in human GBM, pro-inflammatory stress from pro-inflammatory macrophages (pTAMs) maintains GSC proliferation and self-renewal.

CBLB Regulates MAPK-P38 Pathway via MAP3K9 Ubiquitination to Inhibit GBM Cell Invasion and Migration.

Glioma cells exhibit high invasiveness and have the ability to evade surgical resection, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, which are major factors contributing to the challenges in effective treatment and recurrence. The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) plays a crucial role in posttranslational modification, significantly contributing to the aggressive progression of glioblastoma (GBM). This study identified the E3 ubiquitin ligase CBLB as a crucial and abnormally regulated component of the UPS in GBM, noting its significant downregulation compared to normal brain tissue and its negative correlation with malignant phenotypes and poor prognosis.

Complete Surgical Resection of a C3 Neuroenteric Cyst With Concurrent Cervical Fusion Deformity Through Posterior Midline Approach in the Lateral Position: Case Report.

Background And Importance: Enterogenic cysts often occur along the spinal axis and are frequently associated with congenital spinal malformations. The special location of the lesion can limit the surgical resection to achieve complete removal. In this report, the authors describe a successful case of complete resection of a ventral enterogenic cyst in the cervical spinal cord using a posterior midline approach in the lateral position.

Infiltrating plasma cells maintain glioblastoma stem cells through IgG-Tumor binding.

Glioblastoma is a highly aggressive primary brain tumor with glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs) enforcing the intra-tumoral hierarchy. Plasma cells (PCs) are critical effectors of the B-lineage immune system, but their roles in glioblastoma remain largely unexplored. Here, we leverage single-cell RNA and B cell receptor sequencing of tumor-infiltrating B-lineage cells and reveal that PCs are aberrantly enriched in the glioblastoma-infiltrating B-lineage population, experience low level of somatic hypermutation, and are associated with poor prognosis.

A novel ARHGAP family gene signature for survival prediction in glioma patients.

ARHGAP family genes are often used as glioma oncogenic factors, and their mechanism of action remains unexplained. Our research entailed a thorough examination of the immune microenvironment and enrichment pathways across various glioma subtypes. A distinctive 6-gene signature was developed employing the CGGA cohort, leading to insights into the disparities in clinical characteristics, mutation patterns, and immune cell infiltration among distinct risk categories.

Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes Upregulate Astrocytic Glutamate Transporter-1 Expression via miR-124/mTOR Pathway against Oxygen-Glucose Deprivation/Reperfusion Injury.

Background: Experimental investigations have reported the efficacy of marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (MSC-Exos) for the treatment of ischemic stroke. The therapeutic mechanism, however, is still unknown. The purpose of the study is to show whether MSC-Exos increases astrocytic glutamate transporter-1 (GLT-1) expression in response to ischemic stroke and to investigate further mechanisms.

Alteration and clinical potential in gut microbiota in patients with cerebral small vessel disease.

Background: Cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) is a cluster of microvascular disorders with unclear pathological mechanisms. The microbiota-gut-brain axis is an essential regulatory mechanism between gut microbes and their host. Therefore, the compositional and functional gut microbiota alterations lead to cerebrovascular disease pathogenesis.

National Brain Tumour Registry of China (NBTRC) statistical report of primary brain tumours diagnosed in China in years 2019-2020.

Background: The lack of a well-designed brain tumour registry with standardized pathological diagnoses in underdeveloped countries hinders the ability to compare epidemiologic data across the globe. The National Brain Tumour Registry of China (NBTRC), created in January 2018, is the first multi-hospital-based brain tumour registry in China. Patient data reported to the NBTRC in years 2019-2020 were assessed.

Combination of platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio and D-dimer for the identification of cardiogenic cerebral embolism in non-valvular atrial fibrillation.

Background: Non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) is the most common cause of cardiogenic cerebral embolism (CCE). However, the underlying mechanism between cerebral embolism and NVAF is indefinite, and there is no effective and convenient biomarker to identify potential risk of CCE in patients with NVAF in clinic. The present study aims to identify risk factors for interpreting the potential association of CCE with NVAF and providing valuable biomarkers to predict the risk of CCE for NVAF patients.

MicroRNA-mediated regulation of reactive astrocytes in central nervous system diseases.

Astrocytes (AST) are abundant glial cells in the human brain, accounting for approximately 20-50% percent of mammalian central nervous system (CNS) cells. They display essential functions necessary to sustain the physiological processes of the CNS, including maintaining neuronal structure, forming the blood-brain barrier, coordinating neuronal metabolism, maintaining the extracellular environment, regulating cerebral blood flow, stabilizing intercellular communication, participating in neurotransmitter synthesis, and defending against oxidative stress et al. During the pathological development of brain tumors, stroke, spinal cord injury (SCI), neurodegenerative diseases, and other neurological disorders, astrocytes undergo a series of highly heterogeneous changes, which are called reactive astrocytes, and mediate the corresponding pathophysiological process.

Potential of brain age in identifying early cognitive impairment in subcortical small-vessel disease patients.

Background: Reliable and individualized biomarkers are crucial for identifying early cognitive impairment in subcortical small-vessel disease (SSVD) patients. Personalized brain age prediction can effectively reflect cognitive impairment. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate the association of brain age with cognitive function in SSVD patients and assess the potential value of brain age in clinical assessment of SSVD.

SHF Acts as a Novel Tumor Suppressor in Glioblastoma Multiforme by Disrupting STAT3 Dimerization.

Sustained activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is a critical contributor in tumorigenesis and chemoresistance, thus making it an attractive cancer therapeutic target. Here, SH2 domain-containing adapter protein F (SHF) is identified as a tumor suppressor in glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) and its negative regulation of STAT3 activity is characterized. Mechanically, SHF selectively binds and inhibits acetylated STAT3 dimerization without affecting STAT3 phosphorylation or acetylation.

Clinical Observation and Value Analysis of Endovascular Interventional Therapy for Intracranial Venous Sinus Thrombosis.

The main aim of this study was to investigate the therapeutic effect of endovascular interventional therapy on cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST). 137 patients with CVST were included, 92 patients were treated with interventional therapy, and 45 patients were treated with conventional anticoagulant therapy. Through endovascular therapy (EVT) combined with therapy, the patients were treated with EVT in combination with conventional anticoagulant therapy, and the prognosis of the two groups of patients was evaluated.

HOXC6 impacts epithelial-mesenchymal transition and the immune microenvironment through gene transcription in gliomas.

Background: Gliomas are the most common primary malignant tumours of the central nervous system (CNS). To improve the prognosis of glioma, it is necessary to identify molecular markers that may be useful for glioma therapy. HOXC6, an important transcription factor, is involved in multiple cancers.

Effect of astaxanthin on neuron damage, inflammatory factors expressions and oxidative stress in mice with subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the effect of astaxanthin (ATX) on neuron damage, inflammatory factor expression and oxidative stress in mice with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH).

Methods: Specific-pathogen-free, 'Institute of Cancer Research', male mice were randomly divided into four groups: SAH group, sham group, SAH + placebo group (SAH + Vehicle group) and SAH + ATX group. Neurological function was scored in each group.

Noncoding RNAs involved in the STAT3 pathway in glioma.

Glioma is the most common malignant primary brain tumour in adults. Despite improvements in neurosurgery and radiotherapy, the prognosis of glioma patients remains poor. One of the main limitations is that there are no proper clinical therapeutic targets for glioma.

Bioinformatics Analysis of Expression Profiles and Prognostic Values of the Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription Family Genes in Glioma.

Signal transducer and activator of transcription () family genes-of which there are seven members: , and -have been associated with the progression of multiple cancers. However, their prognostic values in glioma remain unclear. In this study, we systematically investigated the expression, the prognostic value, and the potential mechanism of the family genes in glioma.

A positive feedback loop of LINC00662 and STAT3 promotes malignant phenotype of glioma.

Background: Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been reported to be associated with tumorigenesis and development of glioma. LINC00662 has been involved in the pathogenesis of various human cancers. However, the mechanism underlying which LINC00662 exerts its role in glioma needs further exploration.

The expression and prognostic value of the epidermal growth factor receptor family in glioma.

Background: The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family belongs to the transmembrane protein receptor of the tyrosine kinase I subfamily and has 4 members: EGFR/ERBB1, ERBB2, ERBB3, and ERBB4. The EGFR family is closely related to the occurrence and development of a variety of cancers.

Materials/methods: In this study, we used multiple online bioinformatics websites, including ONCOMINE, TCGA, CGGA, TIMER, cBioPortal, GeneMANIA and DAVID, to study the expression profiles, prognostic values and immune infiltration correlations of the EGFR family in glioma.