Risk factors for severe COVID-19 and development of a predictive model.

A clinical case‒control study was conducted to identify risk factors for severe COVID-19 and to develop a predictive risk model to provide a reference for the dynamic assessment of the severity of disease in COVID-19 patients. A total of 410 patients with COVID-19 were included in the study, of whom 132 had severe or critical cases. The clinical data of the patients were collected, and the variables were subsequently screened via LASSO regression analysis and 10-fold cross-validation.

Enhancing the comprehensive management strategies for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in pediatric patients with concurrent sleep-disordered breathing: Integrating effective therapeutic approaches.

This paper investigates the general relevance of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) in pediatric patients, focusing on etiology, prevalence, clinical features, and Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) treatment options while synthesizing the findings from the existing literature to provide a comprehensive and objective understanding. A systematic review was conducted to examine the association between ADHD and SDB in children, investigating the potential role of TCM in managing this comorbidity. A comprehensive search in multiple databases was conducted from inception to May 2024 using a predefined search strategy.

Divergent Microbial Metabolic Limitations Across Soil Depths After Two Decades of High Nitrogen Inputs in a Primary Tropical Forest.

Soil microorganisms play an important role in soil biogeochemical cycles and ecosystem stability. Elevated atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition has greatly accelerated terrestrial N cycling processes and altered elemental stoichiometry of substrates, leading to changes in soil microbial metabolic limitation. However, it remains unclear how soil microbial metabolic limitation responds to long-term N additions in highly weathered tropical forests.

Prevalence of visual impairment and refractive error-related risk factors in preschool children in beijing, China.

Background: Childhood vision loss represents a significant public health burden worldwide, with the majority of these cases being treatable or preventable if identified early. This study aimed to investigate the contemporary prevalence, causes and refractive error-related risk factors of visual impairment among preschool children in Beijing, China.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, preschool children aged 36 to 83 months were enrolled to undergo comprehensive ocular examinations, including visual acuity, autorefraction before and after cycloplegia (1% cyclopentolate), ocular biometry, anterior segment examination, and cover and uncover test.

Sheep and rapeseed cake manure promote antibiotic resistome in agricultural soil.

The application of manure in agriculture caused the emergence and spread of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) in soil environments. However, the co-occurrence pattern and host diversity of ARGs and MGEs in soils amended with animal and green manures remains unclear. In this study, metagenomic assembly and binning techniques were employed to comprehensively explore the effects of sheep manure and green manure on soil microbiome, antibiotic resistomes, and ARG hosts.

Oxidized chitosan: Combining an "Adhesion-and-Kill" antibacterial strategy with immunoregulation and angiogenesis to enhance methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus Aureus-infected wound healing.

The emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, particularly methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), presents a significant challenge in clinical wound management due to their resistance to conventional antibiotics and ability to form persistent biofilms. This study explores the antibacterial properties and wound-healing potential of oxidized chitosan (OCTS), fabricated by oxidizing chitosan with hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), which introduces carboxyl groups to enhance its solubility, adhesion, and antibacterial activity. In vitro experiments demonstrate that OCTS exhibits lower MIC concentration (20 mg/mL vs.

Mitochondria-Localized and Aggregation-Induced Near-Infrared Emission Iridium(III) Complexes for Photodynamic Therapy.

In recent years, the optical functional materials of iridium(III) complexes have attracted much attention due to their excellent photophysical properties and potential biomedical applications. Among them, aggregation-induced emission (AIE) properties have shown significant advantages in photodynamic therapy (PDT). In this work, three new iridium(III) complexes with near-infrared emission were designed and synthesized, and their crystal structures were determined.

Risk factors and prognosis of post-surgical acute kidney injury in elderly patients based on the MIMIC-IV database.

Objective: To investigate the risk factors and prognosis of acute kidney injury (AKI) in elderly patients after surgery based on the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV (MIMIC-IV).

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted using MIMIC-IV data pertaining to aged postoperative patients. By logistic regression analysis models, Kaplan-Meier survival curve and Cox proportional hazards regression model.

RTA 408 attenuates TBHP-Induced apoptosis in nucleus pulposus cells via Nrf2/ARE and NF-κB signaling pathways: in vitro and in vivo evidence for mitigating rats' intervertebral disc degeneration.

Background: Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is a leading cause of spinal disorders, driven by oxidative stress-induced nucleus pulposus cell (NPC) apoptosis and extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) activators hold therapeutic promise due to their antioxidative properties. This study investigates the efficacy of RTA 408, a synthetic Nrf2-activating terpenoid, in mitigating oxidative damage and IDD progression.

Efficacy of botulinum toxin and surgery in managing acute acquired comitant esotropia.

Background: Acute acquired comitant esotropia (AACE) can significantly impair binocular vision, and its prevalence is increasing. This study aims to compare the effectiveness of botulinum toxin (BTX) injections with strabismus surgery in patients diagnosed with AACE and to investigate the factors predicting success.

Methods: Sixty AACE patients were included in this prospective comparative clinical study.

Construction and evaluation of nomogram for risk prediction of cognitive impairment in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease comorbidity.

Objectives: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) remains a serious public health problem globally, and the mortality rate for older COPD patients with cognitive impairment is almost three times that of older patients with cognitive impairment or COPD. The aim of this study was to construct a nomogram prediction model for the risk of comorbid cognitive impairment in COPD patients and to evaluate its clinical application. It helps to detect cognitive impairment in COPD patients at an early stage and give them effective interventions in time, so as to delay the progression of COPD patients and improve their prognosis.

Machine learning potential predictor of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.

Introduction: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a severe chronic respiratory disease characterized by treatment challenges and poor prognosis. Identifying relevant biomarkers for effective early-stage risk prediction is therefore of critical importance.

Methods: In this study, we obtained gene expression profiles and corresponding clinical data of IPF patients from the GEO database.

Broadband Near-Infrared Fibers Derived from Nanocrystal-Glass Composites for Miniature Arrays Light Sources.

Broadband near-infrared (NIR) fiber arrays are highly desirable for multiplexed fluorescence endoscopic, however, there is a challenge for the development of miniature light sources with highly efficient broadband NIR emissions. Here the synthesis of a MgAlO:Cr nanocrystal-glass composite (NGC) with an Cr-clusters-induced broadband NIR emission possessing is presented and external quantum efficiency of 44% and a full width at half maximum of 297 nm, and the NGC fiber is further fabricated through a template solidification strategy, resulting in the construction of an all-fiber coupling system by fusing them with commercial quartz fiber that achieves an optical coupling efficiency of 95.2%.

Modulating the Oxygen Evolution Reaction of Single-Crystal Cobalt Carbonate Hydroxide via Surface Fe Doping and Facet Dependence.

The oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is a critical half-reaction in water splitting and metal-air cells. The sensitivity of the OER to the composition and structure of the electrocatalyst presents a significant challenge in elucidating the structure-property relationship. In this study, highly stable single-crystal cobalt carbonate hydroxide [Co(OH)CO, CoCH] was used as a model to investigate the correlations among structure, composition, and reactivity.

Monitoring Excavation-Induced Deformation of a Secant Pile Wall Using Distributed Fiber Optic Sensors.

This paper investigates the use of the BOTDA (Brillouin Optical Time-Domain Analysis) technology to monitor a large-scale bored pile wall in the field. Distributed fiber optic sensors (DFOSs) were deployed to measure internal temperature and strain changes during cement grouting, hardening, and excavation-induced deformation of a secant pile wall. The study details the geological conditions and DFOS installation process.

Designer topological-single-atom catalysts with site-specific selectivity.

Designing catalysts with well-defined, identical sites that achieve site-specific selectivity, and activity remains a significant challenge. In this work, we introduce a design principle of topological-single-atom catalysts (T-SACs) guided by density functional theory (DFT) and Ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) calculations, where metal single atoms are arranged in asymmetric configurations that electronic shield topologically misorients d orbitals, minimizing unwanted interactions between reactants and the support surface. Mn/CeO catalysts, synthesized via a charge-transfer-driven approach, demonstrate superior catalytic activity and selectivity for NO removal.

Network Pharmacology and Machine Learning Reveal Salidroside's Mechanisms in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Treatment.

Purpose: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is an irreversible respiratory disease. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of salidroside (SAL), the main component of Rhodiola rosea, in treating IPF.

Methods: The pharmacological effects of SAL against epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and IPF were assessed through in vivo and in vitro experiments.

How Do the Morphology and Crystal Facet of CeO Determine the Catalytic Activity toward NO Removal?

Cerium oxide (CeO) exhibits application potential for the selective catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxides (NO) with NH (NH-SCR). The crystal facets and morphology of CeO have a vital impact on the catalytic performance of NH-SCR. However, the precise influence mechanisms on SCR activity remain elusive.

SNHG15 Mediates MTSS1 Gene Expression via Interacting with the Gene Promoter and Regulating Transcription Pausing.

Metastasis suppressor 1 (MTSS1) has been reported to play important roles in suppressing cancer progression. In this study, we investigated the underlying mechanism that regulates MTSS1 expression. We showed that in breast cancer cells, lncRNA-SNHG15-induced cell invasion and proliferation was accompanied with the decreased expression of MTSS1 mRNA.

Phosphor-in-Ceramic-Converted Laser-Driven Near-Infrared Light Sources for Multiple Intelligent Spectroscopy Applications.

Ultrabright broadband near-infrared (NIR) phosphor-converted laser diode (pc-LD) as a light source is increasingly essential for improving the sensitivity and spatial resolution of intelligent NIR spectroscopy technologies. However, the performance of NIR pc-LD is greatly hindered by the low external quantum efficiency (EQE) and poor thermal resistance of phosphor materials. Herein, a highly stable phosphor-in-ceramic (PiC) film deposited on high thermal conductivity substrate, in which the NIR-emitting CaMgHfGeO:Cr phosphor is incorporated into a glass-crystallized CaGaGeO ceramic matrix, along with the formation of a new type PiC composite material with high efficiency, absorbance, and thermal conductivity, is designed and prepared.

Development and evaluation of novel taste-masking tilmicosin microcapsules containing octenylsuccinic anhydride modified starch and maltodextrin as wall materials.

Tilmicosin (TMS) is an important antibiotic in veterinary medicine, but its extreme bitter taste limits its use. In this study, TMS was encapsulated in octenyl succinic anhydride modified starch/maltodextrin (HI-CAP/MD) composite capsules with a spray drying method. The TMS microcapsules (TMS-MC) exhibited good drug loading performance with drug loading (DL) and encapsulation efficiency (EE) of 9.

Biochar and theaflavins mitigate the antibiotic resistome and antibiotic-resistant pathogens in a soil-lettuce continuum.

Antibiotic resistance can be transferred into the food chain, leading to increased risks to human health from ready-to-eat vegetables. Mitigating the transmission of antibiotic resistance from soil to vegetables by green materials is of great significance. Here, we deciphered the roles of biochar and theaflavins in mitigating antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and antibiotic-resistant pathogens (ARPs) in a soil-lettuce continuum.