A network approach to the relationship between adolescents' problem behaviors, psychological abuse and neglect, and school connectedness.

Background: Problem behaviors profoundly disrupt adolescents' overall quality of life, interpersonal relationships, and ability to engage effectively in learning. These behaviors are deeply influenced by psychological abuse, neglect, and school connectedness. Using a network approach to explore the relationships between these variables can provide new perspectives for reducing adolescent problem behaviors.

In situ metabolomics reveals intra-islet metabolite changes upon in vivo stimulation of insulin secretion.

Upon glucose stimulation, metabolic pathways of pancreatic beta-cells promptly adapt metabolite levels inducing insulin secretion fine-tuned by mitochondrial glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH). Although well described in vitro, these responses cannot yet be captured in vivo due to the intrinsic nature of the islets scattered throughout the pancreas. Tested first in vitro, glutamate precursor glutamine enhanced glucose-stimulated insulin secretion without eliciting oxidative catabolism, as opposed to glucose.

Ginsenoside Rg1 mitigates the prolonged isoflurane anesthesia-induced neuroimmune disruptions.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Ginsenoside Rg1, a primary bioactive component of Panax ginseng, has been historically used in traditional Chinese medicine to replenish qi, nourish vitality, and restore cognitive function. Its neuroprotective properties have been documented in conditions involving neurological exhaustion and immune dysregulation.

Aim Of The Study: This study investigated the therapeutic potential and mechanisms of ginsenoside Rg1 in mitigating neurobehavioral and systemic immune dysfunction induced by prolonged general anesthesia.

LocPro: A deep learning-based prediction of protein subcellular localization for promoting multi-directional pharmaceutical research.

Drug development encompasses multiple processes, wherein protein subcellular localization is essential. It promotes target identification, treatment development, and the design of drug delivery systems. In this research, a deep learning framework called LocPro is presented for predicting protein subcellular localization.

Nonuniform Doppler extraction-enhanced multichannel extensive cancellation algorithm for passive radar using Iridium satellite signals.

Passive radar (PR) relies on receiving signals reflected from targets by other existing noncooperative radiation sources, which are broadly divided into ground- and space-based categories, to achieve target detection and tracking. In the context of space-based PR, this paper proposes a PR using the Iridium satellite signal, which is a low-orbit satellite communication signal with global coverage. With an improved detection range and accredited ambiguity function, a PR using the Iridium satellite signal can address the issues of limited terrestrial coverage for ground-based PR and insufficient receiving power for medium- to high-orbit space-based PR.

Neddylation inhibitor MLN4924 enhances H3K18 lactylation via binding to LDH and downregulates ITGB4 to block metastasis.

MLN4924, a small molecule neddylation inhibitor and a potent anticancer agent, was previously shown to have some neddylation-independent effects. Whether MLN4924 regulates histone lactylation in neddylation-dependent or independent manner is previously unknown. We reported here that MLN4924 significantly increased the lactate levels by activating lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity via inducing LDH tetramerization to promote histone H3K18 lactylation in breast cancer cells.

Cold Stress Regulates Muscle Development and Promotes Muscle Fiber Transformation by Regulating Mib1/Notch Pathway.

Background: In mammals, skeletal muscle typically constitutes approximately 55% of body weight. The thermogenesis of skeletal muscle increases with increased cold stress, and skeletal muscle maintains the animal's body temperature through the heat generated by shivering. However, less attention has been paid to investigating the impact of cold stress on the fiber type makeup of skeletal muscle, especially the gastrocnemius.

Dynamic Bearing-Angle for Vision-Based UAV Target Motion Analysis.

The Bearing-Angle algorithm effectively improves the observability of vision-based motion estimation for moving targets by combining the dimensional information of target detection frames. However, the robustness of this algorithm will be significantly reduced when the observation error increases due to sudden changes in the target motion state. To address this shortcoming, this paper proposes a visual target motion estimation algorithm called the Dynamic Bearing-Angle, which aims to improve the accuracy and robustness of target motion analysis in dynamic scenarios such as unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV).

Glucose-Responsive PAGR1-Regulated Skeletal Muscle Gene Program Controls Systemic Glucose Homeostasis and Hepatic Metabolism.

Chronic hyperglycemia, a defining feature of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and related metabolic disorders, exacerbates insulin resistance and impairs muscle glucose utilization, contributing to systemic metabolic dysfunction. While skeletal muscle is the primary site for postprandial glucose uptake and plays a pivotal role in maintaining whole-body glucose homeostasis, the molecular mechanisms by which hyperglycemia induces maladaptive responses in muscle remain poorly understood. Here, PAXIP1-associated glutamate-rich protein 1 (PAGR1) is identified as a glucose-responsive regulator in skeletal muscle, whose expression is induced by high glucose levels and modulates systemic glucose homeostasis and hepatic metabolism.

druglikeFilter 1.0: An AI powered filter for collectively measuring the drug-likeness of compounds.

Advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) and emerging technologies are rapidly expanding the exploration of chemical space, facilitating innovative drug discovery. However, the transformation of novel compounds into safe and effective drugs remains a lengthy, high-risk, and costly process. Comprehensive early-stage evaluation is essential for reducing costs and improving the success rate of drug development.

Immunological Tolerance Induced by Nanoliposome with Autoantigenie Peptide and Artesunate to Inhibit Complement and Remodel Immune Balance for Multiple Sclerosis Treatment.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating autoimmune disease (AD) accompanied by immune disorders and complement over activation. Although re-instatement of immune balance does alleviate MS symptoms, exploration of concomitant complement inhibition for neuron protection has not been evaluated. Herein, we developed myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein 35-55 (MOG) peptide and artemisinin (ART) co-loaded liposomes (MOG-ART-Lip) to simultaneously restore immune balance and inhibit complement activation.

Factors affecting the maximum outcome payments of social impact bonds.

As governments globally seek market-based solutions to address complex social challenges, Social Impact Bonds (SIBs) have gained prominence in public policy reforms for their potential to align fiscal accountability with social innovation. SIBs are innovative financial tools designed to fund social projects through outcome-based payments, lower government financial pressure, and increase the efficiency with which social problems are solved. In a SIB, the maximum outcome payment refers to the highest amount the outcome payer is willing to provide, and is one of the key factors attracting investor participation.

PED-TRFIA: PEDV early on-site detection based on the time-resolved fluorescence ImmunoAssay.

Background: Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) infections have a significant impact on the global pig industry. To address the need for on-site detection of PEDV, the paper-based lateral flow immunoassay offers a promising approach, characterized by its simplicity of operation, rapid detection capabilities, and the elimination of expensive instrumentation. However, commonly used signal labels, such as colloidal gold nanoparticles and quantum dots have limitations in sensitivity.

AI-based pelvic floor surface electromyography reference ranges and high-precision pelvic floor dysfunction diagnosis.

Background: Pelvic floor surface electromyography (sEMG) is widely used to evaluate and treat pelvic floor dysfunctions (PFDs). Based on sEMG, the Glazer protocol was developed over 20 years ago with a limited sample size, making it challenging to accurately diagnose PFDs across diverse populations and conditions. This study aims to establish a multidimensional database for monitoring pelvic floor sEMG, derive more reasonable reference ranges for sEMG parameters, and achieve accurate diagnosis of PFDs through artificial intelligence (AI).

Identification of 1,2,3,4,6-O-Pentagalloylglucose as a novel ASNS inhibitor for MASLD amelioration in mice by increasing l-aspartate levels alongside LKB1/AMPK metabolic axis activation.

l-aspartate is a nonessential amino acid involving tricarboxylic acid cycle, amplifying hepatic l-aspartate level is a practicable and promising therapeutic approach in treating metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) and liver injury-induced liver fibrosis. However, fewer compounds have been reported to increase hepatic l-aspartate level for ameliorating MASLD in vivo. Asparagine synthetase (ASNS) catalyzes the conversion of l-aspartate into asparagine, here, we identified a natural molecule, named 1, 2, 3, 4,6-O-Pentagalloylglucose (PGG), from the compound library (∼7133 compounds) using the free energy perturbation (FEP)-based virtual screening strategy.

Plastic degradation in Lake Geneva: Influence of depth, seasonal shifts, and bacterial community dynamics.

Aquatic ecosystems suffer disproportionately from plastic pollution given that they integrate material from terrestrial watersheds. Most studies on microbial colonisation and degradation of plastics have focused on marine environments, leaving a knowledge gap for freshwaters. Our study explores the possible degradation and the role of bacterial community composition of plastics in Lake Geneva.

Isochlorogenic Acid A Attenuated Periodontitis by Inhibiting Inflammation via ACE/PGK1/STAT1 Signaling.

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effect of isochlorogenic acid A (IAA) on periodontitis and explore its potential mechanism. A ligature/LPS procedure was employed to induce periodontitis in rats. LPS-induced HPDLF was used as the in vitro model.

Asthma causally affects the brain cortical structure: a Mendelian randomization study.

Objective: The potential causal relationship between asthma and brain structures remains uncertain. We performed a two-sample Mendelian randomization to investigate the causal effects of various asthma phenotypes - unspecified asthma, moderate-to-severe asthma, childhood-onset asthma, and adult-onset asthma (AOA) - on cerebral cortex structure.

Methods: We utilized phenotype data derived from genome-wide association studies (GWASs).

The effect of acute physical fatigue on gaze behavior during tennis players' service return.

Acute physical fatigue is an inevitable factor for athletes during tennis competitions. While previous studies have explored the relationship between gaze behavior and tennis performance, the impact of fatigue on gaze behavior during service return has not been thoroughly investigated. This study recruited 24 male tennis players with an average training history of 11 years.

Impact of work-family conflict on work engagement among female university teachers: Evidence from China.

University faculty, including female teachers, often face work-family conflict (WFC) which subsequently impacts their work engagement. This study analyzes data from 489 questionnaires using Mplus 8.0 to explore the internal mechanisms linking WFC and work engagement among female faculty.

PKN2 enhances the immunosuppressive activity of polymorphonuclear myeloid-derived suppressor cells in esophageal carcinoma by mediating fatty acid oxidation.

Background: Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in tumor microenvironment reduce the efficacy of immunotherapy. PKN2 plays a role in colon cancer, but its function in esophageal cancer (EC) remains unclear. This study investigated PKN2 expression in MDSCs derived from EC tissues and determined whether PKN2 regulates immunosuppressive activity of MDSCs by mediating fatty acid oxidation (FAO).

Distribution and Epidemiological Characteristics of Clinical Isolates of in a Hospital from 2021 to 2023: A Retrospective Study.

Objective: The distribution characteristics of clinical isolates of were analyzed to provide the basis for the prevention and control of infection.

Methods: From January 2021 to December 2023, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University collected clinical isolates of from hospitalized patients for study. Duplicate strains from the same patient in the same area were eliminated, and community-, hospital-, and colonization infections were grouped.

Wrist EMG-based Gestures Recognition for Finger and Wrist Motions.

Gesture recognition is a relatively natural humanmachine interface (HMI). Electromyography (EMG) based gesture recognition methods have been extensively investigated in upper limb prostheses as a special HMI, in which EMG sensors are mostly mounted on the proximal part of the forearm. However, for more general applications beyond upper-limb prosthetics, the wrist may be a more suitable position for more intuitive HMIs, in which independent finger movements in addition to wrist gestures can be realized.

Prediction of plaque progression using different machine learning models of pericoronary adipose tissue radiomics based on coronary computed tomography angiography.

Objectives: To develop and validate the value of different machine learning models of pericoronary adipose tissue (PCAT) radiomics based on coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) for predicting coronary plaque progression (PP).

Methods: This retrospective study evaluated 97 consecutive patients (with 127 plaques: 40 progressive and 87 nonprogressive) who underwent serial CCTA examinations. We analyzed conventional parameters and PCAT radiomics features.

Discovery of structurally intriguing diterpenoids as anti-neuroinflammatory agents from mangrove plant Excoecaria agallocha L. via inhibiting macrophage polarization and inflammasome.

Emerging evidence indicates the inhibition of neuroinflammation is an important and promising strategy for managing Alzheimer's disease. Anti-neuroinflammatory agents are potential drug leads. In this work, seventeen diterpenoids (1-17) including ten previously undescribed ones, named excoaglolides A-J (1-10) were isolated from the stems and twigs of the mangrove plant, Excoecaria agallocha L.