Trends, Social Determinants, and Lifestyle Factors Associated With Comorbidity of Diabetes and Kidney Diseases Among Chinese Adults Aged ≥ 45 Years.

Objectives: The dual burden of diabetes and kidney disease poses a growing public health challenge in aging populations, yet its longitudinal trends and modifiable determinants in China remain understudied. This study aims to track the trends in the prevalence of the comorbidity of diabetes and kidney disease in Chinese middle-aged and older adults over a 10-year period (2011-2020) and identify social determinants and lifestyle factors associated with this comorbidity.

Methods: This study utilized data from five waves of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS).

HydroLayer Calculator: A Pseudo-Parallel Tool for Rapid Hydration Layer Structure Calculation in MD Simulations via VMD.

Hydration plays a crucial role in the performance of hydrophilic materials, influencing properties such as fouling resistance and lubrication. Characterizing the parameters of the hydration layer is essential to understanding these behaviors. In this study, we developed the HydroLayer Calculator, a multiparameter analysis tool based on Tcl, designed to calculate six key parameters of the hydration layer along the radial direction of the reference atoms using VMD: radial distribution function (RDF), orientation distribution function (ODF), hydrogen bond (HB) structure, mean square displacement (MSD), mean residence time (MRT), and water binding sites (WBS).

Multi-Stimulus-Responsive and Magnetic Nanoflow Drug Delivery System with Controlled Release Features for Chemotherapy and Photothermal Synergy.

Carbon nanotubes have been efficiently used as smart multimodal nanodrug carriers to improve the targeted antitumor efficacy of therapeutic agents. In this study, we report the development of a multifunctionalized nanoplatform based on MnO-coated hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene-curcumin-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)-disulfide (HCCP-CUR-HPS)-functionalized magnetic multiwalled carbon nanotubes (M-MWNTs) for targeted cancer therapy. The nanocarrier integrates chemotherapeutic agents, paclitaxel (PTX) and curcumin (CUR), into a robust system with superior biocompatibility, hemocompatibility, and magnetic responsiveness.

Construction of Multifunctional Liquid-Like Coatings: Heterogeneous Interface Regulation Enabling Exceptional Drag Reduction and Repellency Against Multistate Pollutants.

Liquid-like coatings are highly valued for their ultralow viscosity and anti-fouling properties. This study tackles the challenge of balancing low sliding angles and low surface tension liquid repellency in these coatings by developing a dual-component system using dimethyldimethoxysilane (DMS) and 1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluorooctyldimethylchlorosilane (PFOS). Unlike conventional polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) or perfluorosiloxane systems, this coating achieves high molecular chain flexibility and low surface energy through heterogeneous interface regulation, thereby realizing low sliding angles and broad-spectrum liquid repellency.

Household fuel use and motoric cognitive risk syndrome among older adults: Evidence from cohort study and life course analysis.

Background: Motoric cognitive risk syndrome (MCRS) is a predementia syndrome, and its prevention is valuable for reducing the incidence of dementia. However, few studies have focused on the association between indoor air pollution caused by household cooking fuel use and MCRS. This study aimed to investigate whether clean cooking fuel use is associated with reduced MCRS risk and whether the timing of clean fuel adoption across the life span is associated with MCRS prevalence.

Ionic Response Mechanism of Lubricating Properties of Zwitterionic Polymer Brushes through Molecular Dynamics.

Zwitterionic materials are an important class of lubricating biomaterials for various applications. Despite such desirable lubricating properties, the molecular-level understanding of the lubrication mechanism of zwitterionic polymer brushes in salt solutions remains to be elucidated. In this work, we computationally studied the surface hydration, the effect of cations, and the lubricating property of three zwitterionic polymer brushes of poly(carboxybetaine methacrylate), poly(sulfobetaine methacrylate), and poly((2(methacryloyloxy)ethyl)phosporylcoline) brushes using a combination of molecular dynamics (MD) and steered MD (SMD) simulations.

PKN2 enhances the immunosuppressive activity of polymorphonuclear myeloid-derived suppressor cells in esophageal carcinoma by mediating fatty acid oxidation.

Background: Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in tumor microenvironment reduce the efficacy of immunotherapy. PKN2 plays a role in colon cancer, but its function in esophageal cancer (EC) remains unclear. This study investigated PKN2 expression in MDSCs derived from EC tissues and determined whether PKN2 regulates immunosuppressive activity of MDSCs by mediating fatty acid oxidation (FAO).

Lubricating Copolymer Brushes Achieving Excellent Antiadhesion and Antibacterial Performance through Hydration and Electrostatic Repulsion Effects.

Interventional catheters have been widely applied in diagnostics, therapeutics, and other biomedical areas. The complications caused by catheter-related bacterial infection, venous thrombosis, and vascular abrasion have become the main reasons for the failure of interventional therapy. In this study, polyacrylamide/poly(acrylic acid) lubricating copolymer brushes were constructed on the surface of catheters and efficiently resisted the adhesion of blood components and bacteria through hydration and electrostatic repulsion effects.

Leech granules inhibit ferroptosis and alleviate renal injury in mice with diabetic kidney disease.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: The underlying mechanisms of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) and effective treatment strategies remain unclear. DKD progression is closely associated with abnormal iron metabolism and ferroptosis in vivo. Leeches, used in traditional Chinese medicine for promoting blood circulation and resolving blood stasis, are utilized to treat diabetes and its associated complications.

How do environmental taxes affect the environmental investment of high-emission enterprises: Evidence from China.

Countries worldwide have adopted environmental taxes to reduce pollution, making it essential for policymakers and researchers to understand their impact on corporate environmental investment. This study investigates the impact of China's environmental tax law on the environmental investment behavior of high-emission enterprises, using a Difference-in-Differences (DID) approach based on a quasi-natural experiment. The findings reveal that environmental taxes significantly incentivize these enterprises to increase their environmental investments, with the proportion of investment relative to total assets rising by approximately 82% compared to low-emission firms.

Associations between Digital Skill, eHealth Literacy, and Frailty among Older Adults: Evidence from China.

Objectives: Frailty is a common geriatric syndrome in older adults; however, its relationship with digital factors is underexplored. This study aimed to examine the association between digital skills, eHealth literacy, and frailty to provide insights for developing frailty interventions in the digital age.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Development and validation of a nomogram for predicting anorexia of aging in older people.

Background: Anorexia of aging (AA) is a common geriatric syndrome that seriously endangers the health of older adults. Early identification of populations at risk of AAand the implementation of appropriate intervention measures hold significant public health importance. This study aimed to develop a nomogram for predicting the risk of AA among older people.

Effect and mechanism of Qingre Huashi decoction on drug-resistant .

Background: (HP), the most common pathogenic microorganism in the stomach, can induce inflammatory reactions in the gastric mucosa, causing chronic gastritis and even gastric cancer. HP infection affects over 4.4 billion people globally, with a worldwide infection rate of up to 50%.

Combined role of stearic acid and maleic anhydride in the development of thermoplastic starch-based materials with ultrahigh ductility and durability.

The diverse properties reported for starch-based materials indicate their potential for use in the preparation of biodegradable flexible actuators. However, their natural brittleness and lack of durability after modification limit their practical application. Therefore, we propose a strategy for preparing flexible starch-based composites.

Study of Hydration Repulsion of Zwitterionic Polymer Brushes Resistant to Protein Adhesion through Molecular Simulations.

The fabrication of antifouling zwitterionic polymer brushes represents a leading approach to mitigate nonspecific adhesion on the surfaces of medical devices. This investigation seeks to elucidate the correlation between the material composition and structural attributes of these polymer brushes in preventing protein adhesion. To achieve this goal, we modeled three different zwitterionic brushes, namely, carboxybetaine methacrylate (CBMA), sulfobetaine methacrylate (SBMA), and (2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl)-phosphorylcholine (MPC).

Mesenchymal stem cells derived from CHIR99021 and TGF‑β induction remained on the colicomentum and improved cardiac function of a rat model of acute myocardium infarction.

Human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) have been regarded as a potential stem cell source for cell therapy. However, the production of cells with mesenchymal potential from hiPSCs through spontaneous differentiation is time consuming and laborious. In the present study, the combined use of the GSK-3 inhibitor CHIR99021 and TGF-β was used to obtain mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-like cells from hiPSCs.

Establishment of a hybrid model of atherosclerosis and acute colitis in ApoE-/- mice.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and atherosclerosis (AS) are both common chronic inflammatory diseases with similar pathophysiological mechanisms. Some studies have shown that IBD patients are at increased risk for early atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction and venous thrombosis. Here we set up a hybrid mouse model associated with atherosclerosis and acute colitis in order to investigate the interplay of the two diseases.

Housing Environmental Factors Driving Falls Among Middle-Aged and Older Adults: A National Cohort Study.

Background And Objectives: Housing is one of the main places where falls occur; however, few studies have examined housing environmental factors driving fall risk. This study aimed to explore the associations between housing environmental factors and falls in China.

Research Design And Methods: The study included data of middle-aged and older adults aged ≥45 years from 4 waves of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study.

Gut microbiome and frailty: insight from genetic correlation and mendelian randomization.

Observational studies have shown that the gut microbiome is associated with frailty. However, whether these associations underlie causal effects remains unknown. Thus, this study aimed to assess the genetic correlation and causal relationships between the genetically predicted gut microbiome and frailty using linkage disequilibrium score regression (LDSC) and Mendelian Randomization (MR).

Targeted large fragment deletion in plants using paired crRNAs with type I CRISPR system.

The CRISPR-Cas systems have been widely used as genome editing tools, with type II and V systems typically introducing small indels, and type I system mediating long-range deletions. However, the precision of type I systems for large fragment deletion is still remained to be optimized. Here, we developed a compact Cascade-Cas3 Dvu I-C system with Cas11c for plant genome editing.

Association between digestive diseases and sarcopenia among Chinese middle-aged and older adults: a prospective cohort study based on nationally representative survey.

Objectives: Patients with digestive diseases frequently suffer from dyspepsia and malabsorption, which may lead to muscle loss due to malnutrition. However, it is not clear whether digestive diseases are associated with sarcopenia. This study aims to explore the longitudinal association between digestive diseases and sarcopenia in middle-aged and older adults based on a nationally representative survey from China.

Associations between health literacy, digital skill, and eHealth literacy among older Chinese adults: A cross-sectional study.

Objective: Digital divide in health-related technology use is a prominent issue for older adults. Improving eHealth literacy may be an important solution to this problem. This study aimed to explore the associations between health literacy, digital skills, and eHealth literacy among older Chinese adults.

The mediating and moderating effects of resilience between childhood trauma and geriatric depressive symptoms among Chinese community-dwelling older adults.

Objective: This study aims to examine the association between childhood traumatic events (CTEs), childhood trauma severity, and depressive symptoms, as well as to examine the mediating and moderating roles of resilience in these associations.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study of 1,091 community-dwelling older adults in Jinan, China. The trauma history questionnaire (THQ) was used to measure CTEs and childhood trauma severity.