China Expert consensus on the application of metagenomic next-generation sequencing for the etiological diagnosis of infections in hematological disorders (2024).

Infections are frequent complications in patients with hematological disorders, and pathogen diagnosis remains challenging. Metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) is an unbiased high-throughput technology that has been widely applied in the diagnosis of infectious diseases. However, to date, there are no established international guidelines or expert consensuses regarding the use of mNGS to diagnose infections in patients with hematologic disorders.

Navigating the Prognostic Complexity of IgH Cytogenetic Abnormalities in Multiple Myeloma Among Diverse IgH Cytogenetic Abnormalities-Involved High-Risk Stratifications.

Objective: To evaluate the clinical and prognostic significance of immunoglobulin heavy chain (IgH) cytogenetic abnormalities in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM) and explore their association with other high-risk cytogenetic features.

Patients And Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 503 NDMM patients treated between February 1, 2016, and February 29, 2024. Cytogenetic abnormalities were identified by fluorescence in situ hybridization.

Anti-plasma cell therapy in patients with monoclonal gammopathy-associated refractory pure red cell aplasia: A report of three cases and literature review.

Acquired pure red cell aplasia (aPRCA) is a clinical syndrome that may be secondary to a diverse array of diseases. It is rarely secondary to monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS). Currently, there is no consensus on when to initiate anti-plasma cell therapy.

CRISPR/Cas9-engineered universal CD123/B7-H3 tandem CAR-T cell for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia.

Background: Autologous chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell therapy has demonstrated efficacy in the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Nevertheless, the intrinsic characteristics of autologous therapy, such as extended manufacturing timelines and patient-specific limitations, contribute to delays in treatment availability. More critically, relapse due to antigen escape following single-targeted CAR-T therapy constitutes a significant clinical obstacle.

Innovative strategies for improving CAR-T cell therapy: A nanomedicine perspective.

Chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cells have reshaped the treatment landscape of hematological malignancies, offering a potentially curative option for patients. Despite these major milestones in the field of immuno-oncology, growing experience with CAR-T cells has also highlighted several limitations of this strategy. The production process of CAR-T cells is complex, time-consuming, and costly, thus leading to poor drug accessibility.

Beneficial effects of aerobic exercises on multiple myeloma: Mechanisms and clinical observations.

Studies on multiple myeloma (MM), the second most common hematologic malignancy, have shown inconclusive results regarding the role of exercise in treatment. This study evaluated the relationship between physical exercise and MM treatment outcomes. In the 5T-MM mouse model, tumor-bearing mice underwent treatment that included bortezomib and dexamethasone alongside 6 weeks of low- or moderate-intensity treadmill aerobic training.

Preclinical and first-in-human of purinostat mesylate, a novel selective HDAC I/IIb inhibitor, in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma and lymphoma.

Simultaneously targeting key pathogenic drivers and remodeling of the tumor microenvironment represents a critical therapeutic strategy for relapsed or refractory (r/r) multiple myeloma (MM) and lymphoma. Purinostat mesylate (PM), a highly selective HDAC I/II binhibitor, exhibits excellent antitumor activity in MM and lymphoma cell lines and mouse models, outperforming the pan-HDAC inhibitor panobinostat or first-line/second-line multi-drug combinations. Different from panobinostat, bulk RNA-seq analysis revealed that PM suppressed essential tumor survival factors and triggered inflammation and interferon responses.

Epidemiologic trends for pediatric Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphomas: a U.S. population-based study.

Pediatric Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) are distinct from adult forms and occur less frequently. We identified 7,871 children and 226,211 adults with lymphoma from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database from 1975 to 2018. The age-adjusted incidence rate for pediatric lymphoma was 24.

Global, regional, and national burden of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency from 1990 to 2021: a systematic analysis of the global burden of disease study 2021.

Background: Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency remains a significant global health burden, particularly in malaria-endemic regions. Despite advances in diagnostic capabilities and treatment strategies, the prevalence and associated disability burden continue to evolve. This study provides a comprehensive assessment of the global, regional, and national burden of G6PD deficiency from 1990 to 2021, using the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 database.

Comparison of outcomes between haploidentical and matched related donors for chronic myelomonocytic leukemia: A multicenter real-world study.

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is the only curative strategy for patients with chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML). However, few reports have investigated the outcomes of patients receiving haploidentical HSCT. To this end, we included 117 patients with haploidentical donors (HID) and 75 patients with matched related donors (MRD) from 28 centers across China to explore the prognostic impact of different transplantation modalities.

A comprehensive analysis of bone marrow-derived cytogenetic abnormalities in multiple myeloma patients with extramedullary disease.

Background: Extramedullary disease (EMD) in multiple myeloma (MM) remains a critical clinical challenge due to its aggressive behavior and resistance to conventional therapies. While cytogenetic abnormalities are recognized contributors to MM progression, their specific roles in EMD pathogenesis-particularly in distinguishing bone marrowderived profiles between EMD and non-EMD patients-remain inadequately characterized.

Methods: In this comprehensive study, we analyzed 41 published studies involving 9424 MM patients, and identified EMD in 32.

Extranodal diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: Clinical and molecular insights with survival outcomes from the multicenter EXPECT study.

Background: Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common subtype of aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with distinct clinical and molecular heterogeneity. DLBCL that arises in extranodal organs is particularly linked to poor prognosis. This study aimed to determine the clinical and molecular characteristics of extranodal involvement (ENI) in DLBCL and assess the actual survival status of the patients.

Real-world analysis of treatment patterns, effectiveness, and safety of daratumumab-based regimens in Chinese patients with newly diagnosed or relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma.

Background: Daratumumab is a human IgGκ monoclonal antibody targeting CD38 with direct on-tumor and immunomodulatory mechanisms of action. Daratumumab-based treatment is a standard of care for multiple myeloma (MM) based on data from randomized controlled trials. Real-world studies, such as that presented here from China, provide important data to complement randomized trials.

Dietary Flavonoid Intake and Anemia Risk in Children and Adolescents: Insights from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.

Anemia, a global health concern, significantly impacts children and adolescents, impairing their physical and cognitive development. While nutritional deficiencies are primary contributors, oxidative stress has emerged as a key factor in anemia pathogenesis. Flavonoids, known for their antioxidant properties, may play a protective role, but their relationship with anemia in pediatric populations remains underexplored.

Integration of anti-PD-1 antibody into chemotherapeutic regimens improved the outcome of aggressive NK cell leukemia: a single-center retrospective real-world analysis.

Background: Aggressive natural killer (NK) cell leukemia (ANKL) is a rare NK cell neoplasm associated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection. Programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) blockade, which is successful in extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma and EBV-related hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, is considered to have a potential role in managing ANKL.

Objectives: This study aims to characterize ANKL clinically and evaluate the prognostic impact of anti-PD-1 antibody treatment.

LncRNA HCG11 regulates selinexor sensitivity in multiple myeloma.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable plasma cell caner featured by monoclonal plasma cell proliferation in bone marrow. The patients inevitably encounter drug resistance and the cancer relapse. Selinexor, a selective inhibitor of nuclear export by targeting exportin-1 (XPO1), is a novel medication in MM treatment.

Epidemiology characteristics and clinical outcomes of composite Hodgkin lymphoma and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma using machine learning.

Composite lymphoma (CL) is rare. We conducted an analysis of 53 329 cases of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), 17,916 cases of Hodgkin lymphoma (HL), and 869 cases of composite HL and DLBCL from the SEER database diagnosed between 2000 and 2019. Incidence rates showed increasing trends with age for CL and DLBCL, while HL exhibited 2 peak incidence rates: 42.

Molecular heterogeneity of CD30 peripheral T-cell lymphoma with prognostic significance and therapeutic implications: a retrospective multi-centre study.

Background: Peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) represents a highly heterogeneous group of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas, often with aggressive biological behaviour. CD30 serves as a pivotal surface antigen in PTCL, however, its biological functions and therapeutic potential warrant further investigation.

Methods: We analysed 415 de novo patients with PTCL including 314 in the training cohort and 101 in the validation cohort across 11 medical centres in China.

Dynamic change in Epstein-Barr virus DNA predicts prognosis in early stage natural killer/T-cell lymphoma with pegaspargase-based treatment: long-term follow-up and biomarker analysis from the NHL-004 multicenter randomized study.

The multi-center randomized phase 3 NHL-004 study compared etoposide, dexamethasone and pegaspargase (ESA) versus methotrexate, etoposide, dexamethasone and pegaspargase (MESA) regimen, combined with sandwiched radiotherapy, in newly diagnosed early-stage nasal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma (NKTCL). Here we report the long-term outcomes (median follow-up, 64 months) and biomarker analysis. 256 eligible patients aged 14-70 years were randomly assigned (1:1) to ESA or MESA arm.

A comprehensive prognostic and immune analysis of in pan-cancer and Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Introduction: Lysosomal-associated protein transmembrane-4 beta (LAPTM4B) protein expression was increased in solid tumors, whereas few studies were performed in hematologic malignancies. We aimed to study the effect of the LAPTM4B gene in pan-cancer and Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute B cell lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph+ B-ALL).

Methods: The differential expression, diagnosis, prognosis, genetic and epigenetic alterations, tumor microenvironment, stemness, immune infiltration cells, function enrichment, single-cell analysis, and drug response across cancers were conducted based on multiple computational tools.

The value of preoperative RDW for post-pancreatectomy haemorrhage and surgical prognosis in patients with pancreatic cancer: a retrospective study.

Background: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly malignant tumor, and only some patients can receive surgical treatment. Complex surgical procedures combined with various postoperative complications seriously affect the prognosis of patients. It is very important to use appropriate biomarkers to prevent and predict the occurrence of complications.

Prognostic relevance of immunoglobulin heavy chain rearrangement and immunoglobulin kappa light chain rearrangement in patients with diffuse large B cell lymphoma.

Purposes: Evidence has demonstrated that monitoring of the variable, diversity, and joining gene segments (VDJ) rearrangement of immunoglobulin (Ig) gene in the circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) is highly valuable in predicting the prognosis of patients with diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL). In this study, we investigated the role of both Ig heavy chain (IGH) and Ig kappa light chain (IGK) gene rearrangements detected in ctDNA samples in predicting DLBCL progression.

Methods: Next-generation sequencing (NGS) was used to identify the dominant V(D)J clonotypic rearrangement in tissue samples of 33 DLBCL patients.

The mitochondrial protease ClpP is a promising target for multiple myeloma treatment.

Drug resistance and relapse are the major obstacles in multiple myeloma (MM) treatment, driving the search for novel therapeutics. The chemoactivation of mitochondrial caseinolytic protease P (ClpP) has shown to have anticancer effects on many tumors, but has seldom been elucidated in MM. Here we found that the CLPP expression was elevated in MM patients, and further increased in relapsed cases.

The clinical characteristics and implications of acute kidney injury during induction therapy for acute promyelocytic leukemia.

Background: Dual induction with all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and arsenic trioxide (ATO) has made acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) a curable disease. However, differentiation syndrome (DS) can be a life-threatening complication of induction therapy. It is considered to result from a severe systemic inflammatory response mediated by increased expression of cytokines, chemokines, and adhesion molecules on differentiating blast cells.

Toosendanin Induces Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis to Suppress Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma Growth by Inhibiting PI3Kα/β and PLK1 Signaling.

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is an aggressive and heterogeneous subtype of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, with two-thirds of patients relapsing or resisting existing therapies, highlighting the urgent need for effective treatments. Toosendanin (TSN), a triterpenoid from Meliae Cortex, exhibits significant anti-cancer activity by modulating cell survival and proliferation. This study investigates the anti-lymphoma effects and underlying mechanisms of TSN, proposing it as a potential therapeutic agent to address the challenges of DLBCL.