Xuebijing alleviates sepsis-induced acute lung injury by inhibiting alveolar epithelial cell apoptosis via cAMP/PKA signaling pathway.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Xuebijing (XBJ) is derived from the Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction in "Correction on Errors in Medical Classics." It is a traditional chinese medicinal injection based on a classical formula, mainly composed of Honghua (Carthamus tinctorius L.), Chishao (Paeonia lactiflora Pall.

High-throughput quantitation of acetaldehyde and ethanol in mice using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry positive chemical ionization.

Background: Acetaldehyde, an immediate ethanol metabolite, mediates many ethanol-induced behavioral effects and is both psychoactive and toxic to animals and humans. Monitoring the kinetics of acetaldehyde using rodent models of alcohol misuse is essential for understanding and managing ethanol-associated diseases. However, quantitation of acetaldehyde in biological specimens after alcohol consumption has been challenging due to its high volatility, relatively low concentrations, and strong reactivity toward biochemical molecules.

Peripheral alcohol metabolism dictates ethanol consumption and drinking microstructure in mice.

Background: Ethanol metabolism is intimately linked with the physiological and behavioral aspects of ethanol consumption. Ethanol is mainly oxidized by alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) to acetaldehyde and further to acetate via aldehyde dehydrogenases (ALDHs). Understanding how ethanol and its metabolites work together to initiate and drive continued ethanol consumption is crucial for identifying interventions for alcohol use disorder (AUD).

Dahuang Huanglian Decoction alleviates dysbiosis by inhibiting GBP5/NLRP3 signaling pathway-mediated pyroptosis of colonic epithelial cells.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Currently, the prevalence of dysbiosis is increasing, but its treatment options are limited. Dahuang Huanglian Xiexin Decoction (XXD) is a traditional herbal prescription recorded in the Treatise on Typhoid Fever, with a longstanding application in the treatment of digestive system diseases. It consists mainly of three classical chinese medicinal herbs: Dahuang (Rheum palmatum L.

Impact of daily activity allocation on problematic internet use among university students: A compositional perspective.

Background And Objectives: As problematic internet use (PIU) becomes increasingly prevalent among university students, effective preventive measures remain scarce. This study aimed to investigate how the allocation of daily activity time influences PIU and PIU risk (PIU/PIUR) and to identify specific activities that serve as risk and protective factors along with their effect strength.

Methods: Data from 2,433 university students in 33 Chinese provinces were analyzed using compositional analysis, isotemporal substitution, and instrumental variable methods to determine causal relationships between activity allocation and PIU/PIUR and to calculate the specific effects of substituting one activity for another.

Sodium butyrate ameliorates liver fibrosis in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis rats via miR-155-5p/SOCS1/PDGF signaling pathway.

Background: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is one of the leading causes of chronic liver disease worldwide. Recently, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), as metabolites of intestinal flora, have been found to participate in the progression of MASLD. Sodium butyrate (NaB), one of the most important SCFAs, shows therapeutic potentials in MASLD and its mechanisms have not been fully understood.

Mechanism Analysis of Amphotericin B Controlling Postharvest Gray Mold in Table Grapes.

Gray mold, caused by , is the primary factor contributing to postharvest losses in table grape fruit. In this study, we have identified amphotericin B (AMB), a natural compound originating from , as a promising agent in managing postharvest gray mold in table grapes. In vitro experiments demonstrated that 0.

CDC25A inhibition sensitizes melanoma cells to doxorubicin and NK cell therapy.

Cell division cycle 25 (CDC25) phosphatases serve as crucial regulators of cell cycle phase transitions and essential components of the checkpoint machinery involved in DNA damage response. Emerging evidence indicates the oncogenic potential of CDC25 family members across various cancers. However, comprehensive insights into the expression pattern and function of the CDC25 family in diverse cancers remain unexplored.

Peripheral alcohol metabolism dictates ethanol consumption and drinking microstructure in mice.

Background: Ethanol metabolism is intimately linked with the physiological and behavioral aspects of ethanol consumption. Ethanol is mainly oxidized by alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) to acetaldehyde and further to acetate via aldehyde dehydrogenases (ALDHs). Understanding how ethanol and its metabolites work together to initiate and drive continued ethanol consumption is crucial for identifying interventions for alcohol use disorder (AUD).

Multi-omics analyses of the gut microbiota and metabolites in children with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.

The development and severity of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) in children are closely related to alterations of gut microbiota. This study aims to investigate changes in the gut microbiota signature and microbial metabolites in children with MASLD. We collected fecal samples from children and adolescents aged 6-16 years, and the presence of MASLD was diagnosed by ultrasound.

Prevotella copri-produced 5-aminopentanoic acid promotes pediatric metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.

Background: Recent studies suggest an association between the expansion of Prevotella copri and the disease severity in children with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). We aimed to investigate the causative role and molecular mechanisms of P. copri in pediatric MASLD.

A critical role of N-acetylation of cytidine in mRNA by NAT10 in T cell expansion and antiviral immunity.

Following activation, naive T cells exit quiescence and require global translation for rapid expansion, yet the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we show that during T cell activation, cells upregulate the expression of N-acetyltransferase 10 (NAT10), an enzyme responsible for N-acetylcytidine (acC) modification of mRNAs. acC-modified Myc mRNAs show higher translation efficiency, enabling rapid synthesis of MYC protein and supporting robust T cell expansion.

Research on the quantification and automatic classification method of Chinese cabbage plant type based on point cloud data and PointNet+.

The accurate quantification of plant types can provide a scientific basis for crop variety improvement, whereas efficient automatic classification methods greatly enhance crop management and breeding efficiency. For leafy crops such as Chinese cabbage, differences in the plant type directly affect their growth and yield. However, in current agricultural production, the classification of Chinese cabbage plant types largely depends on manual observation and lacks scientific and unified standards.

Promising tools into oxidative stress: A review of non-rodent model organisms.

Oxidative stress is a crucial concept in redox biology, and significant progress has been made in recent years. Excessive levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) can lead to oxidative damage, heightening vulnerability to various diseases. By contrast, ROS maintained within a moderate range plays a role in regulating normal physiological metabolism.

TRIB3 inhibition by palbociclib sensitizes prostate cancer to ferroptosis via downregulating SOX2/SLC7A11 expression.

Palbociclib is a CDK4/6 inhibitor approved for the treatment of breast cancer by suppressing cell proliferation. However, monotherapy with palbociclib was discouraging in prostate cancer, calling for a mechanism-based effective therapy. In this study, we reported in prostate cancer that palbociclib is a potent sensitizer of ferroptosis, which is worked out by downregulating the expression of TRIB3, a gene highly expressed in prostate cancer.

Identification and Validation of JAM-A as a Novel Prognostic and Immune Factor in Human Tumors.

Junctional adhesion molecule-A (JAM-A), also known as F11 receptor (F11R), is a transmembrane glycoprotein that is involved in various biological processes, including cancer initiation and progression. However, the functional characteristics and significance of JAM-A in pan-cancer remain unexplored. In this study, we used multiple databases to gain a comprehensive understanding of JAM-A in human cancers.

Loss of NAT10 alleviates maternal high-fat diet-induced hepatic steatosis in male offspring of mice.

Objective: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is becoming an escalating health problem in pediatric populations. This study aimed to investigate the role of N-acetyltransferase 10 (NAT10) in maternal high-fat diet (HFD)-induced MASLD in offspring at early life.

Methods: We generated male hepatocyte-specific NAT10 knockout (Nat10) mice and mated them with female Nat10 mice under chow or HFD feeding.

Day-to-Night Street View Image Generation for 24-Hour Urban Scene Auditing Using Generative AI.

A smarter city should be a safer city. Nighttime safety in metropolitan areas has long been a global concern, particularly for large cities with diverse demographics and intricate urban forms, whose citizens are often threatened by higher street-level crime rates. However, due to the lack of night-time urban appearance data, prior studies based on street view imagery (SVI) rarely addressed the perceived night-time safety issue, which can generate important implications for crime prevention.

Revealing the mechanism of Dahuang Huanglian Xiexin Decoction attenuates dysbiosis via IL-17 signaling pathway based on network pharmacology and experimental validation.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Dahuang Huanglian Xiexin Decoction (XXD), derived from Zhang Zhongjing's Treatise on Typhoid Fever, has a long history of medicinal use and is widely used for digestive system diseases. It is mainly composed of three natural medicines, including Dahuang (Rheum palmatum L.), Huanglian (Coptis chinensis Franch.

High-rate Gamma Spectrometry Using a LaBr3(Ce) Scintillator with a Fast Pulse Shaping.

The performance of a LaBr3(Ce) gamma spectrometer at high count rates was investigated up to an input count rate of 1.3 Mcps. In order to make its pulse processing faster, a preamplifier provided by the detector manufacturer was eliminated, and the signal from the photomultiplier tube was fed directly to a digital pulse processing system.