SMTLNet: Domain Prior-Inspired Tooth Segmentation Based on Self-Supervised Manifold Transfer Learning.

Accurate identification and delineation of teeth in cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images are crucial in the advancement of digital dentistry technology. Teeth exhibit high interclass similarity and often have fuzzy boundaries. In addition, it is difficult to obtain teeth samples due to the time-consuming annotation process.

Association between albumin and short-term outcomes of unplanned early readmission emergency department patients: A retrospective cohort study.

Objective: This study was a post hoc analysis of data from a retrospective cohort population. The purpose of this study was to analyze the predictive value of albumin for the short-term survival of patients with unplanned early readmission to the emergency department (ED).

Methods: A total of 6,249 emergency patients were enrolled in this study, including 5,368 patients (85.

Fungal Spore Seasons Advanced Across the US Over Two Decades of Climate Change.

Phenological shifts due to climate change have been extensively studied in plants and animals. Yet, the responses of fungal spores-organisms important to ecosystems and major airborne allergens-remain understudied. This knowledge gap limits our understanding of their ecological and public health implications.

The feasibility of detection of trace elements in corn stover based on their interference effect on the near-infrared peak of water.

Trace elements affect various processes of biomass utilization, and it is necessary to measure them. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) can quickly and accurately detect multiple components in biomass. However, trace elements have no absorption peaks in the NIR spectral region.

Machine-Learning-Based Computed Tomography Radiomics Regression Model for Predicting Pulmonary Function.

Rationale And Objectives: Chest computed tomography (CT) radiomics can be utilized for categorical predictions; however, models predicting pulmonary function indices directly are lacking. This study aimed to develop machine-learning-based regression models to predict pulmonary function using chest CT radiomics.

Methods: This retrospective study enrolled patients who underwent chest CT and pulmonary function tests between January 2018 and April 2024.

Superior Cycling Stability in Zinc-Ion Batteries with Ca-Induced Cathode-Electrolyte Interface and Phytic Acid: Experimental Validation of Theoretical Predictions.

This study investigates the impact of Ca and phytic acid (PA) pre-insertion on the performance of vanadium oxide (VO) as a cathode material for aqueous zinc-ion batteries. Ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) simulations reveal that the diffusion coefficient of Ca⁺ is higher than that of Zn, leading to the preferential extraction of Ca⁺. The extracted Ca⁺ readily forms a dense cathode-electrolyte interphase (CEI) with SO₄ on the electrode surface, effectively mitigating electrode dissolution.

iDIA-QC: AI-empowered data-independent acquisition mass spectrometry-based quality control.

Quality control (QC) in mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics is mainly based on data-dependent acquisition (DDA) analysis of standard samples. Here, we collect 2754 files acquired by data independent acquisition (DIA) and paired 2638 DDA files from mouse liver digests using 21 mass spectrometers across nine laboratories over 31 months. Our data demonstrate that DIA-based LC-MS/MS-related consensus QC metrics exhibit higher sensitivity compared to DDA-based QC metrics in detecting changes in LC-MS status.

Desmoplastic Small Round Cell Tumor: a study of CT, MRI, PET/CT multimodal imaging features and their correlations with pathology.

Purpose: Exploring the computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET)/CT Multimodal Imaging Characteristics of Desmoplastic Small Round Cell Tumor (DSRCT) to enhance the diagnostic proficiency of this condition.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on clinical data and multimodal imaging manifestations (CT, MRI, FDG-PET/CT) of eight cases of DSRCT. These findings were systematically compared with pathological results to succinctly summarize imaging features and elucidate their associations with both clinical and pathological characteristics.

Robust MnO-WO Complementary Electrochromic Device Enabled by Reversible Electrodeposition of MnO.

Reversible electrodeposition and dissolution of manganese oxide (MnO) represent an emerging electrochromic system. However, challenges such as "dead MnO" formation, limited optical modulation across a narrow wavelength range, and difficulties in scaling up have significantly hindered the development of MnO reversible electrodeposition-based electrochromic windows. In this work, we introduced Fe/Fe mediator ions into the electrolyte to suppress the Jahn-Teller effect, thereby preventing the formation of "dead MnO" and achieving stable and reversible MnO deposition/dissolution.

calculations of vibrational fingerprints in the photoluminescence of graphene quantum dots.

We used a computational method based on (constrained) density functional theory to obtain the photoluminescence spectrum of graphene quantum dots with up to 240 carbon atoms, including the effect of multiphonons. We found that only a few phonon modes couple effectively to the excitons, namely one size- and shape-dependent global mode and two high frequency local modes. The exciton-phonon coupling decreases with increasing size for all structures and has a magnitude in the mid-range, leading to only relatively small multiphonon effects.

Subcutaneous adipose tissue measured by computed tomography could be an independent predictor for early outcomes of patients with severe COVID-19.

Background: Patients with severe Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) can experience protein loss due to the inflammatory response and energy consumption, impairing immune function. The presence of excessive visceral and heart fat leads to chronic long-term inflammation that can adversely affect immune function and, thus, outcomes for these patients. We aimed to explore the roles of prognostic nutrition index (PNI) and quantitative fat assessment based on computed tomography (CT) scans in predicting the outcomes of patients with severe COVID-19.

Qualitative discrimination and quantitative prediction of salt in aqueous solution based on near-infrared spectroscopy.

Freshwater resources have been gradually salinized in recent years, dramatically impacting the ecosystem and human health. Therefore, it is necessary to detect the salinity of freshwater resources. However, traditional detection methods make it difficult to check the type and concentration of salt quickly and accurately in solution.

Construction and optimization of a genetic transformation system for efficient expression of human insulin-GFP fusion gene in flax.

The human insulin gene modified with a C-peptide was synthesized according to the plant-preferred codon, and a fusion gene expression vector of insulin combined with green fluorescent protein (GFP) was constructed. The optimization of the flax callus culturing was undertaken, and a more efficient Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation of the flax hypocotyls was achieved. The critical concentration values of hygromycin on the flax hypocotyl development, as well as on its differentiated callus, were explored by the method of antibiotic gradient addition, and the application of antibiotic screening for the verification of positive calluses was assessed.

Spontaneous dislodgment of a peritoneal dialysis catheter inserted using the Seldinger technique: A case report.

Background: Peritoneal dialysis (PD) is an important renal replacement therapy in patients with end-stage renal disease. PD catheters remain the lifeline for patients undergoing PD. The catheter technique survival rate is considered a core PD outcome domain.

Ferromagnetic Insulating Ground-State Resolved in Mixed Protons and Oxygen Vacancies-Doped LaSrCoO Thin Films via Ionic Liquid Gating.

The realization of ferromagnetic insulating ground state is a critical prerequisite for spintronic applications. By applying electric field-controlled ionic liquid gating (ILG) to stoichiometry LaSrCoO thin films, the doping of protons (H) has been achieved for the first time. Furthermore, a hitherto-unreported ferromagnetic insulating phase with a remarkably high up to 180 K has been observed which can be attributed to the doping of H and the formation of oxygen vacancies (V).

β-Lapachone, an NQO1 bioactivatable drug, prevents lung tumorigenesis in mice.

Lung cancer is one of the most lethal cancers with high incidence worldwide. The prevention of lung cancer is of great significance to reducing the social harm caused by this disease. An in-depth understanding of the molecular changes underlying precancerous lesions is essential for the targeted chemoprevention against lung cancer.

Nanobubble water promotes anaerobic digestion of high-solids cattle manure under mesophilic and thermophilic conditions.

The gradual increase in cattle farming has led to a huge production of cattle manure (CM), but the conventional treatment methods are less efficient. In this study, the treatment method of anaerobic digestion (AD) of high-solids CM by combining nanobubble water (NBW) with different gases was proposed to present a new idea for the reduction, harmlessness, and resourcefulness of CM. It was found that the performance of the digester with added NBW was better than the control.

Qualitative discrimination and quantitative prediction of microplastics in ash based on near-infrared spectroscopy.

Microplastics are recognized as a new environmental pollutant. Researchers have detected their presence in waste incineration ash. However, traditional testing methods take a very long testing period.

Direct carbonization of cellulose toward hydroxyl-rich porous carbons for pseudocapacitive energy storage.

Designing carbon materials with specific oxygen-containing functional groups is very attractive for the precise decoration of carbon electrode materials and the basic understanding of specific charge storage mechanisms, which contributes to the further development of high-performance carbon materials for energy storage and conversion applications. In this contribution, a hydroxyl-rich micropore-dominated porous carbon material was obtained by direct carbonization of cellulose. The content of oxygen atoms in hydroxyl form in the obtained carbon is nearly 6 at.

Multi-kernel driven 3D convolutional neural network for automated detection of lung nodules in chest CT scans.

The accurate position detection of lung nodules is crucial in early chest computed tomography (CT)-based lung cancer screening, which helps to improve the survival rate of patients. Deep learning methodologies have shown impressive feature extraction ability in the CT image analysis task, but it is still a challenge to develop a robust nodule detection model due to the salient morphological heterogeneity of nodules and complex surrounding environment. In this study, a multi-kernel driven 3D convolutional neural network (MK-3DCNN) is proposed for computerized nodule detection in CT scans.

Cancer-associated fibroblasts reprogram cysteine metabolism to increase tumor resistance to ferroptosis in pancreatic cancer.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an insidious, rapidly progressing malignancy of the gastrointestinal tract. Due to its dense fibrous stroma and complex tumor microenvironment, neither of which is sensitive to radiotherapy, pancreatic adenocarcinoma is one of the malignancies with the poorest prognosis. Therefore, detailed elucidation of the inhibitory microenvironment of PDAC is essential for the development of novel therapeutic strategies.

Effects of chitosan and rice husk powder on thermal hydrolysis-anaerobic digested sludge conditioning: Dewaterability and biogas slurry fertility.

To enhance the dewaterability of anaerobic digested sludge and to make full use of the biogas slurry. This study set up five sludge conditioning methods: polymeric ferric sulfate, polymeric aluminum chloride, cationic polyacrylamide, chitosan, and chitosan combined with rice husk powder. Their effects on the dewaterability of thermal hydrolysis-anaerobic digested sludge, bacterial community, and biogas slurry fertility were studied to find a non-toxic and non-risk dewatering technology for the environment and biogas slurry.

ABLIM1, a novel ubiquitin E3 ligase, promotes growth and metastasis of colorectal cancer through targeting IĸBα ubiquitination and activating NF-ĸB signaling.

Actin-binding LIM protein 1 (ABLIM1), a member of the LIM-domain protein family, has been reported as a suppressor in several tumors whereas its role in colorectal cancer (CRC) remains unknown. In this study, we find that ABLIM1 is up-regulated in CRC patients and high levels of ABLIM1 predict short disease-free survival time. Knock-down of ABLIM1 in CRC cell lines by lenti-virus leads to inhibited cell proliferation, migration, and invasion capabilities in vitro and impaired growth of tumor xenografts and liver metastasis lesions in vivo, while ABLIM1 overexpression accelerates tumor growth and invasion in vitro.

Correction to "Fluorescent Sensor Based on Magnetic Separation and Strand Displacement Amplification for the Sensitive Detection of Ochratoxin A".

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c01408.

Se-(Methyl)-selenocysteine ameliorates blood-brain barrier disruption of focal cerebral ischemia mice via ferroptosis inhibition and tight junction upregulation in an Akt/GSK3β-dependent manner.

Background: Ischemic stroke still ranks as the most fatal disease worldwide. Blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a promising therapeutic target for protection. Brain microvascular endothelial cell is a core component of BBB, the barrier function maintenance of which can ameliorate ischemic injury and improve neurological deficit.