Highly accurate prophage island detection with PIDE.

As important mobile elements in prokaryotes, prophages shape the genomic context of their hosts and regulate the structure of bacterial populations. However, it is challenging to precisely identify prophages through computational methods. Here, we introduce PIDE for identifying prophages from bacterial genomes or metagenome-assembled genomes.

Anterior insular cortex regulates depression-like and ASD-like behaviors via the differential contribution of two subsets of microglia.

The anterior insular cortex (aIC) is involved in multiple neuropsychiatric disorders. Here, using the Cntnap2-deficient autism spectrum disorder (ASD) mouse model and the chronic social defect stress (CSDS)-induced depression mouse model, we show that two subpopulations of microglia in the mouse aIC played differential roles in ASD-like and depression-like behavioral phenotypes differentially. The Cx3cr1 microglia had morphological deficits in the Cntnap2-deficient mice and were involved in social deficits and restricted repetitive behaviors, while the Tmem119 microglia had morphological deficits in the CSDS-induced mice and contributed to impairments in sucrose preference and forced swim performance.

A new target for the treatment of oral squamous cell carcinoma: Circ_0046336.

BackgroundThis study was designed to investigate the mechanism of Circ_0046336 in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).MethodsThe expression pattern of Circ_0046336 and its distribution in OSCC cell lines (SCC-9 and CAL-27) were identified. Fluorescence hybridization was applied to determine the location of Circ_0046336.

The mRNA and protein of IL-8 oppositely regulate PRRSV replication via nucleoprotein and 14-3-3γ.

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) has posed a significant threat to the global swine industry for over 3 decades, resulting in substantial economic losses. In this study, we identified the cellular protein 14-3-3γ as an antiviral factor that suppresses PRRSV replication by downregulating the mRNA levels of interleukin-8 (IL-8). Intriguingly, while IL-8 mRNA levels were positively correlated with PRRSV genome replication, the IL-8 protein itself exhibited a potent inhibitory effect on viral replication.

Knowledge, attitude and practice towards oral health in parents and teachers of kindergarten students: a cross-sectional survey.

Objectives: This study aimed to explore the relationship between oral health and the knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) of parents and teachers of kindergarten students towards oral health.

Design: This web-based cross-sectional survey was conducted in Ningbo City from February 2023 to March 2023.

Setting: The study targets parents and teachers of kindergarten students in Ningbo City (five kindergartens selected using convenience sampling).

How and when artificial intelligence adoption promotes employee knowledge sharing? The role of paradoxical leadership and technophilia.

Introduction: The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) into workplaces has transformed organizational operations, yet its impact on employee knowledge sharing remains underexplored. While AI adoption enhances learning and collaboration, the extent to which employees engage in knowledge sharing depends on leadership styles and attitudes toward technology. This study investigates how AI adoption promotes knowledge sharing through employee learning opportunities, while considering the moderating roles of paradoxical leadership and technophilia.

Targeting symbionts by apolipoprotein L proteins modulates gut immunity.

The mammalian gut harbours trillions of commensal bacteria that interact with their hosts through various bioactive molecules. However, the mutualistic strategies that hosts evolve to benefit from these symbiotic relationships are largely unexplored. Here we report that mouse enterocytes secrete apolipoprotein L9a and b (APOL9a/b) in the presence of microbiota.

The feasibility of detection of trace elements in corn stover based on their interference effect on the near-infrared peak of water.

Trace elements affect various processes of biomass utilization, and it is necessary to measure them. Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) can quickly and accurately detect multiple components in biomass. However, trace elements have no absorption peaks in the NIR spectral region.

The dynamics of microbiome and virome in migratory birds of southwest China.

Migratory birds carry pathogens, posing a significant threat to environmental and human health. We documented the metatranscriptome and RNA virome of 896 stool samples from migratory birds and environmental samples over four consecutive years in southwest China. Our analysis identified Catellicoccus marimammalium as the predominant bacterium in the gut of black-headed gulls, with an average relative abundance of 79.

A Novel Injection Technique to Prevent Exacerbation of Sunken Cheek After Botulinum Toxin Type A Treatment for Masseter Hypertrophy: A Prospective Clinical Study.

Background And Objectives: Sunken cheek is often an undesirable aesthetic outcome, making the face appear gaunt and tired. It is also a common adverse effect of injections for treating masseter hypertrophy. This study aims to assess the efficacy of a novel injection technique in preventing sunken cheek after botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) treatment for masseter hypertrophy, focusing on minimizing adverse aesthetic effects while ensuring effective masseter muscle reduction.

WGCNA and ferroptosis genes in OSCC: unraveling prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets.

Background: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the predominant type of oral cancer, with over 370,000 new cases and approximately 170,000 deaths annually worldwide. Despite therapeutic advancements, OSCC mortality rates have been increasing, underscoring the need for improved prognostic models and therapeutic targets.

Methods: We integrated transcriptomic and clinical survival data from the TCGA-OSCC dataset to identify ferroptosis-related prognostic genes.

Multi-axis robotic forceps with decoupled pneumatic actuation and force sensing for cochlear implantation.

Delicate manual microsurgeries rely on sufficient hands-on experience for safe manipulations. Automated surgical devices can enhance the effectiveness, but developing high-resolution, multi-axis force-sensing devices for micro operations remains challenging. In this study, a 6-axis force-sensing pneumatic forceps with a serial-parallel robotic platform for cochlear implantation is developed.

Risk Assessment of Global Animal Melioidosis Under Current and Future Climate Scenarios.

Melioidosis is a zoonotic disease that is caused by , which is a serious public health and safety risk. In order to explore the global animal melioidosis risk distribution and its dynamic response to future climate scenarios, we collected global data about reported animal incidence sites. Data regarding the density of in the environment were created by collecting and sorting information about the occurrence sites in contaminated air, soil, and water.

IFN-β production induced by PRRSV is affected by GP3 quantity control and CLND4 interaction.

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is one of the most harmful pathogens in the swine industry. Our previous studies demonstrated that the small extracellular domain (ECL2) of CLDN4 effectively blocks PRRSV infection. In this study, we explored the in vivo administration of swine ECL2 (sECL2) and found that it blocked HP-PRRSV infection and alleviated histopathological changes in organs.

Whole Genome Sequencing and Comparative Genomics Analysis of Goat-Derived .

This research aims to enhance the genomic database of by identifying virulence genes through the whole genome sequencing and comparative analysis of a goat-derived (KOHN1) strain, while clarifying the relationship between its genetic evolution and virulence, ultimately providing a theoretical foundation for clinical prevention and diagnosis. Third-generation Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT) sequencing and second-generation Illumina sequencing were used to sequence the strain and analyze the database annotations. Screening for 10 virulence genes was conducted using PCR.

Contradictory Mechanisms of rheumatoid arthritis and hepatitis B virus infection activation.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is associated with a high rate of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. A large proportion of HBV reactivation may occur in RA patients after immunosuppression treatment, while fulminant hepatitis may occur in severe cases. Immunosuppressants are fundamental medications for the treatment of RA but carry the risk of inducing HBV reactivation.

A prediction method and evaluation for assessing guide-supported dental implant accuracy.

Functional and esthetic results require accurate implant placement. We aimed to develop a predictive method for assessing dental implant accuracy, and to evaluate the cumulative system influence of surgical guides. A mathematical model was constructed to determine the influence of surface changes on a specific point, using Jacobian matrix expressions.

Serotype D Infection Induces Activation of the IL-17 Signaling Pathway in Goat Lymphocytes.

(1) Background: Pasteurellosis is a global zoonotic bacterial disease, which has caused significant economic impacts in animal husbandry. Nevertheless, there is limited understanding of the immune response between goat peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) and goat-derived (). (2) Methods: To investigate the immune response of host PBLs during infection with type D, we established an cell model utilizing isolated primary goat PBLs.

Predicting Tuberculosis Risk in Cattle, Buffaloes, Sheep, and Goats in China Based on Air Pollutants and Meteorological Factors.

Tuberculosis is a zoonotic chronic respiratory infectious disease caused by the complex. The outbreak and epidemic of tuberculosis can seriously threaten human and veterinary health. To investigate the effects of environmental factors on tuberculosis in domestic ruminants, we collected data regarding the prevalence of tuberculosis in cattle, buffaloes, sheep, and goats in China (1956-2024) from publicly published literature and available databases.

The genome landscape of the Xinglong buffalo.

Background: Xinglong buffalo, as an indigenous breed in Hainan province of China, possesses characteristics such as high humidity tolerance, disease resistance and high reproductive capacity. Combined with whole genome sequencing technology, comprehensive investigation can be undertaken to elucidate the genomic characteristics, functions and genetic variation of Xinglong buffalo population.

Results: Xinglong buffalo has the highest genetic diversity, lowest runs of homozygosity average length, and fasted decay of linkage disequilibrium in our study population.

The intervention mechanism of Tanshinone IIA in alleviating neuronal injury induced by HMGB1 or TNF-α-mediated microglial activation.

Tanshinone IIA (Tan IIA), a neuroprotective natural compound extracted from Salvia miltiorrhiza, is used in stroke treatment. However, elucidating Tan IIA's neuroprotective mechanisms remains challenging due to limitations in assessing drug efficacy and biochemical parameters in clinical studies. This study investigated Tan IIA's impact on neuroinflammatory responses and its neuroprotective mechanisms using HMGB1- or TNF-α-stimulated BV2 microglia in a co-culture system with primary neuron cells.

Arctiin Mitigates Neuronal Injury by Modulating the P2X7R/NLPR3 Inflammasome Signaling Pathway.

Depression, recognized globally as a primary cause of disability, has its pathogenesis closely related to neuroinflammation and neuronal damage. Arctiin (ARC), the major bioactive component of Fructus arctii, has various pharmacological activities, such as anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects. Building on previous findings that highlighted ARC's capability to mitigate depression by dampening microglial hyperactivation and thereby reducing neuroinflammatory responses and cortical neuronal damage in mice, the current study delves deeper into ARC's therapeutic potential by examining its impact on hippocampal neuronal damage in depression.

Up-Regulation of S100A8 and S100A9 in Pulmonary Immune Response Induced by a subsp. HN-B Strain.

subsp. (Mcc), a member of the cluster, has a negative impact on the goat-breeding industry. However, little is known about the pathogenic mechanism of Mcc.