Microbiota-mediated metabolic alterations reveal bidirectional regulation of the gut-nose axis in mice with allergic rhinitis.

Background: Microbes and their metabolites are implicated in respiratory diseases, including allergic rhinitis (AR); however, the interaction between the gut and respiratory tract and the role of microbes remains unclear. We investigated the gut and nasal microbiota variations between AR and control mice and their role in the bidirectional regulation of the gut-nasal axis.

Methods: We validated the OVA-induced establishment of an AR mouse model based on nasal symptoms and histopathology.

Regulating Bimetallic Asymmetry of Mn-O-Fe Domain in Layered Double Hydroxides for Lattice Oxygen Activation toward Enhanced Photocatalytic Toluene Oxidation.

In photocatalytic toluene oxidation, traditional semiconductor catalysts still face the problem of insufficient generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Herein, we first regulate the bimetallic asymmetry in layered double hydroxide (LDH) photocatalysts via different metal electronegativities to activate lattice oxygen for ROS generation. The MnFe-LDH, MnAl-LDH, and ZnFe-LDH photocatalysts with various electronegativities (Mn: 1.

A systematic review and meta-analysis of laparoscopic partial nephrectomy versus laparoscopic focal therapy for small renal masses.

Background: Laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (LPN) and laparoscopic focal therapy (LFT) have emerged as minimally invasive alternatives for managing small renal masses. Despite their increasing clinical adoption, comparative evidence regarding their clinical profiles remains limited. This systematic review and meta-analysis comprehensively evaluates perioperative outcomes, renal function preservation, and oncological efficacy between these 2 interventions for small renal mass treatment.

Stellarine A attenuates anxiety in rats through ERK/CREB/BDNF signaling: A HNMR metabolomics study revealing metabolic pathways and biomarkers.

Anxiety is one of the most prevalent mental health issues. Stellariae Radix, a specialty medicinal material from Ningxia, is known for its ability to clear defunct heat. Research group prior research demonstrated that the ethanol extract of Stellariae Radix possesses a significant anxiolytic effect.

Comparative Study of Catalytic Oxidation of Toluene over Porous Metal Oxide Catalysts Derived from (Mn, Ce, Co)-MOFs.

This study presents a systematic investigation into the catalytic oxidation of toluene using metal-organic framework (MOF)-derived porous metal oxide catalysts obtained through controlled pyrolysis. The MOF-derived catalysts (MnO-BTC, CeO-BTC, CoO-BTC) demonstrated remarkable improvements in catalytic activity and stability compared to their commercial counterparts (MnO-c, CeO-c, CoO-c), achieving 90% toluene conversion () at significantly lower temperatures of 240 °C, 241 °C, and 237 °C, respectively. Besides, a comprehensive suite of characterization techniques was employed to elucidate the structure-activity relationships.

Speech-Controlled Reconfigurable Intelligent Metasurface for Real-Time Wireless Power Transfer and Communication.

As the Internet of Things (IoT) continues to evolve, a growing number of wireless sensors have been integrated into daily life, posing new challenges to energy supply and communication. Point-to-point dynamic wireless power transfer and communication, enabled by user-based positioning and tracking services, hold great potential in the IoT. Here, we propose a speech-controlled reconfigurable intelligent metasurface (RIS) that translates natural-language commands into dynamically shaped electromagnetic beams by combining speech interaction, low-power RIS control, and a template matching algorithm, supporting real-time data communication and wireless power transfer for both static and moving targets.

Intermediate-States Mediated 2D MoO Plasmon Enabling Pure-Phased CsPbX Photovoltaics with 27.33% Bifacial Efficiency.

All-inorganic CsPbX (X = I, Br, Cl) perovskites emerged as a crucial material for addressing the stability bottleneck due to their exceptional resistance to both light-thermal stress. However, their performance is limited by adverse optoelectronic dissipation arising from inadequate photon conversion and chaotic carrier energetics. Herein, the mechanism of the unique nonlinear plasmonic effect in van der Waals 2D MoO is elucidated, which is mediated by electronic intermediate states.

Dynamic circulating tumor DNA indicates pathological benefits of additional neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy courses for locally advanced non-small-cell lung cancer patients.

Introduction: Few studies have focused on the optimal cycles of neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy (NCI). This study introduced minimal residual disease (MRD) based on circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA), and investigated the association between ctDNA-MRD and NCI cycles and pathological response.

Materials And Methods: This study was based on a phase III trial (NCT05157776).

Bavachinin alleviates allergic rhinitis by modulating gut microbiota and inhibiting NLRP3-mediated epithelial pyroptosis through PI3K/AKT/NF-κB signaling pathway.

Allergic rhinitis (AR), a chronic, non-infectious nasal mucosal inflammation, for which there is no drug that can completely cure it. Bavachinin (BVC), a natural bioactive flavanone from Psoraleae Fructus, has anti-inflammatory and anti-asthmatic properties. However, its effects on AR and the associated mechanism remain unclear.

An Interactive Human-in-the-Loop Framework for Skeleton-Based Posture Recognition in Model Education.

This paper presents a human-in-the-loop interactive framework for skeleton-based posture recognition, designed to support model training and artistic education. A total of 4870 labeled images are used for training and validation, and 500 images are reserved for testing across five core posture categories: standing, sitting, jumping, crouching, and lying. From each image, comprehensive skeletal features are extracted, including joint coordinates, angles, limb lengths, and symmetry metrics.

Scalable X-ray scintillators with bright singlet-triplet hybrid self-trapping excitons.

Size-scalable X-ray scintillators with high transparency and robust photon yield allow for imaging large objects with greater precision and detail. Solution-processable scintillators, typically crafted from quantum dots (QDs), are promising candidates for highly efficient scintillation applications. However, the restricted size and low transparency in QD-based scintillators lead to less efficient X-ray imaging for large objects requiring high resolution.

Clamshell thoracotomy for mediastinal mass resection: technical refinements and short-term outcomes in the largest single-center cohort.

Background: The Clamshell thoracotomy remains controversial for mediastinal mass resection because of its extensive exposure but significant injuries. This study evaluated its modern indications, technical refinements, and short-term outcomes at a high-volume center.

Methods: A single-center, single-arm prospective investigation was conducted on 78 patients who underwent Clamshell thoracotomy for mediastinal masses.

Development of a novel nanobody-fused flagellin adjuvant to enhance immunogenicity in a PCV2 subunit vaccine.

Porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) infection causes significant economic losses in the global swine industry. The capsid (Cap) protein serves as the core antigen in PCV2 subunit vaccines, but its weak immunogenicity necessitates adjuvants to enhance the induced immune responses. Bacterial flagellin proteins are ideal candidates for next-generation vaccine adjuvants.

Research on nitrogen transformation pathways of a thermophilic heterotrophic nitrifying bacterial consortium GW7.

Introduction: High-temperature heterotrophic nitrifying bacteria play a crucial role in the thermophilic phase of aerobic composting by effectively converting reduced ammonia sources. This process reduces ammonia emissions and contributes to nitrogen fixation, thus showcasing a high potential for application. The study aims to isolate and characterize a high-temperature-tolerant heterotrophic nitrifying bacterial consortium to enhance nitrogen transformation during aerobic composting.

Suppression of Plant Resistance May Be a Common Trait Among Adapted Herbivores.

Herbivores have evolved distinct strategies to cope with plant defenses prior to becoming a pest. Some evolved resistance to toxic compounds; others suppress host toxin production. These traits seem to co-occur within herbivore species, particularly among spider mites, which are major pests in many crops.

Neddylation E1 Obligatory Subunit Nae1 Is Critical to Neuromuscular Junction Development and Maintenance.

Rapsyn is a scaffold protein that is thought to anchor acetylcholine receptors at the neuromuscular junction (NMJ). We showed that it may be an E3 ligase that regulates NMJ development by neddylation. To obtain genetical evidence, we mutated Nae1 (APP-BP1), an obligatory subunit of the neddylation E1 enzyme specifically in muscle cells.

2-Arylphthalazine-1,4-diones as Nitrene Precursors for the Synthesis of Phenazine Derivatives.

An iridium(III)-catalyzed amination/cyclization/aromatization cascade reaction of 2-arylphthalazine-1,4-diones with nitrosoarenes afforded phenazine derivatives with a broad substrate scope. 2-Arylphthalazine-1,4-diones have been widely used in C-H activation and [4 + 1] and [4 + 2] cyclization reactions. However, in this work, they were described as novel nitrene precursors and have been rarely used in this type of reaction.

Is the incidence and burden of cancer increasing among young individuals? An age-related analysis based on Global Burden of Disease Study and Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results.

Background: Cancer incidence patterns are shifting globally. The overall age profile and secular trends in cancer onset remain inadequately understood, and their impact on the global cancer burden unquantified.

Aims: This study aimed to analyse long-term trends of cancer onset age and assess their impact on cancer burden.

Propene epoxidation with molecular oxygen: Advancements from nanoparticle to single-atom catalysts.

Propylene oxide plays a pivotal role as an organic synthesis intermediate, boasting extensive downstream applications and promising market prospects. Propene epoxidation via molecular oxygen has garnered considerable attention due to its cost-effectiveness, environmental friendliness, ease of operation, and straightforward product separation. This paper provides an in-depth exploration of recent advancements, ranging from nanoparticle to Single-atom catalysts (SACs), in the context of propene epoxidation using molecular oxygen.

Radical-constructed intergrown titanosilicalite interfaces for efficient direct propene epoxidation with H and O.

The development of titianosilicates is considered a major milestone in oxidative catalysis due to the ability of framework Ti sites to co-ordinate hydrogen peroxide/peroxy species. Herein, we demonstrate that interfacial Ti sites can be constructed through the vertical intergrowth of two MFI-type zeolite surfaces along [100] and [010] projections, with the assistance of UV-induced hydroxyl radicals. The application of these intergrown titanosilicalites as supports for Au species are observed to simultaneously offer a 2.

Olverembatinib combined with venetoclax and reduced-intensity chemotherapy for adult newly diagnosed Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia: a single-center, single-arm, phase 2 trial.

Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) combined with chemotherapy and immunotherapy evolved as the standard treatment for newly diagnosed (ND) Philadelphia chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia (Ph ALL). Nonetheless, the efficacy and safety of combining TKIs with BCL-2 inhibitors in ND Ph ALL have yet to be fully elucidated. Hence, we carried out a prospective clinical trial to explore the efficacy and safety of olverembatinib combined with venetoclax and reduced-intensity chemotherapy as frontline treatment in Ph ALL.

A Wide-Angle and Polarization-Insensitive Rectifying Metasurface for 5.8 GHz RF Energy Harvesting.

This paper presents a rectifying metasurface (RMS) that enables wide-angle, polarization-insensitive wireless energy harvesting in the Wi-Fi frequency range. The RMS consists of a metasurface integrated with rectifying diodes, a low-pass filter (LPF), and a resistive load. In the structural design, the RMS incorporates four Schottky diodes placed on the bottom structure and connected to the top structure through four metallized vias.

All-Optical Synapses Based on a Mechanoluminescent Material.

Neuromorphic computing systems hold promises to overcome the inefficiencies of conventional von Neumann architecture, which are constrained by data transfer bottlenecks. However, conventional electrically modulated synapses face inherent limitations such as limited switching speed, elevated power consumption, and substantial interconnection loss. Optical signaling offers a transformative alternative, leveraging ultrafast transmission, high bandwidth, and minimal crosstalk.