Microbiota-mediated metabolic alterations reveal bidirectional regulation of the gut-nose axis in mice with allergic rhinitis.

Background: Microbes and their metabolites are implicated in respiratory diseases, including allergic rhinitis (AR); however, the interaction between the gut and respiratory tract and the role of microbes remains unclear. We investigated the gut and nasal microbiota variations between AR and control mice and their role in the bidirectional regulation of the gut-nasal axis.

Methods: We validated the OVA-induced establishment of an AR mouse model based on nasal symptoms and histopathology.

Bavachinin alleviates allergic rhinitis by modulating gut microbiota and inhibiting NLRP3-mediated epithelial pyroptosis through PI3K/AKT/NF-κB signaling pathway.

Allergic rhinitis (AR), a chronic, non-infectious nasal mucosal inflammation, for which there is no drug that can completely cure it. Bavachinin (BVC), a natural bioactive flavanone from Psoraleae Fructus, has anti-inflammatory and anti-asthmatic properties. However, its effects on AR and the associated mechanism remain unclear.

VEGFA and APOE regulate distinct functional states of mast cells in hepatocellular carcinoma: A single-cell transcriptome analysis.

Immune cells play a crucial role in the development of Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC), with mast cells displaying unique bidirectional biological characteristics. This study aims to investigate the heterogeneity of hypertrophic cells in HCC and their impact on prognosis and potential dual roles. We performed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) analysis on tumor tissues from 32 HCC patients and adjacent non-tumor tissues from 5 of these patients, with validation through multiplex immunohistochemistry (mIHC) on 90 tumor and 90 adjacent tissues.

EBBA-detector: An effective detector for defect detection in solar panel EL images with unbalanced data.

Solar panel defect detection, a crucial quality control task in the manufacturing process, often faces challenges such as varying defect sizes, severe image background interference, and imbalanced data sample distribution. To address these issues, this paper proposes the EBBA-Detector. The core of the model lies in an enhanced balanced attention framework, which includes an Enhanced Bidirectional Feature Pyramid Network (EBFPN) and a Balanced-Attention Module (B-A Module).

Atypical implicit procedural learning of adults with developmental coordination disorder: Evidence involving the modulation of cortical power.

This study aimed to explore the implicit procedural learning and associated neural oscillatory activities in adults with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) using electroencephalography (EEG). The sample consisted of 22 adults with DCD (14 females) and 22 age-matched controls (11 females), aged 18-21 years. Participants engaged in a modified Serial Reaction Time Task (SRTT) designed to assess implicit sequence learning.

Association Between Diabetes Mellitus and Allergic Diseases Sensitized by Different Allergens and the Potential Mechanism of Diabetes Mellitus Affecting Ovalbumin-Induced Allergic Rhinitis.

ObjectiveTo investigate the association between diabetes mellitus (DM) and allergic diseases caused by different allergens and explore the mechanism of DM in allergic rhinitis (AR) induced by ovalbumin (OVA).MethodsWe established linear regression models to examine the correlation of specific immunoglobulin E (sIgE) and total immunoglobulin E (TIgE) with glycohemoglobin (A1c) and fasting plasma glucose (FPG) in individuals allergic to different allergens by retrospectively analyzing the 2005-2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey database. Participants were classified into Allergy + DM and Allergy groups based on whether they had allergic disease and DM or only allergic disease.

Changes in and Potential Mechanisms of Circulating IgA+CD27-Class-Switched Memory B Cells in Patients With Allergic Rhinitis.

Background: The role of memory B cells and their subgroups in allergic rhinitis (AR) and allergen immunotherapy (AIT) remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the characteristics of memory B cells in the circulation of patients with AR and those undergoing AIT, as well as their clinical significance.

Methods: This study involved a cohort comprising 32 healthy control subjects, 39 individuals diagnosed with AR, and 31 AR patients who had received AIT for over one year.

Intratonsillar Immunotherapy: A Convenient and Effective Alternative to Subcutaneous Immunotherapy for Allergic Rhinitis.

Allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) is the only treatment that addresses the root cause of immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated allergies, but conventional methods face challenges with treatment duration, patient compliance, and adverse effects. In this study, we propose intratonsillar immunotherapy (ITIT) as a new effective and safer route for AIT. Prior to clinical trials, we analyzed tonsil samples from human subjects to assess immune responses, measuring interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-21, total IgE (tIgE), and allergen-specific IgE concentrations using ELISA and BioIC.

Deptor protects against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury by regulating the mTOR signaling and autophagy.

Deptor knockout mice were constructed by crossing Deptor Floxp3 mice with myh6 Cre mice, establishing a myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) model. Deptor knockout mice exhibited significantly increased myocardial infarction size and increased myocardial apoptosis in vivo. ELISA analysis indicated that the expression of CK-MB, LDH, and CtnT/I was significantly higher in the Deptor knockout mice.

Allergen Immunotherapy for a Year Can Effectively Reduce the Risk of Postoperative Recurrence of Adenoid Hypertrophy in Children with Concurrent Allergic Rhinitis (IMPROVEII).

Background: Adenoid hypertrophy (AH) and allergic rhinitis (AR) are common pediatric diseases, seriously affecting the quality of life and growth of children. The recurrence rate of AH is higher for patients with than for those without concurrent AR. Allergen specific immunotherapy (AIT) is the only effective therapy for modifying the course of allergic diseases.

Evaluation of the Correlation Between Nasal Secretion ECP-MPO Test Papers and Immune Markers in Subcutaneous Immunotherapy of Dust Mites.

Purpose: Up to now, there is no generally accepted biomarker to indicate the clinical response of immunotherapy. This study mainly analyzed the correlation between eosinophil cationic protein-myeloperoxidase (ECP-MPO) test papers and other immunotherapy indices in subcutaneous immunotherapy of dust mites and to explore whether the test paper can be used as an auxiliary index to quickly evaluate the efficacy of immunotherapy.

Patients And Methods: This study included 53 participants who received subcutaneous immunotherapy at the allergy clinic of Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University and 28 control participants.

Computational identification and experimental verification of a novel signature based on SARS-CoV-2-related genes for predicting prognosis, immune microenvironment and therapeutic strategies in lung adenocarcinoma patients.

Background: Early research indicates that cancer patients are more vulnerable to adverse outcomes and mortality when infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Nonetheless, the specific attributes of SARS-CoV-2 in lung Adenocarcinoma (LUAD) have not been extensively and methodically examined.

Methods: We acquired 322 SARS-CoV-2 infection-related genes (CRGs) from the Human Protein Atlas database.

[The auxiliary diagnostic value of ECP and MPO expression in nasal secretions in different types of rhinitis].

To evaluate the expression of eosinophil cationic protein and myeloperoxidase in nasal secretions in different types of rhinitis, and to explore their values in the differential diagnosis of different types of rhinitis. Six hundred and eighty-four subjects were selected, including 62 subjects in the acute rhinitis group, 378 subjects in the allergic rhinitis group, 94 subjects in the vasomotor rhinitis group, 70 subjects in the eosinophilic non-allergic rhinitis group, and 80 subjects in the control group. Nasal secretion samples were collected from the five groups, and the percentages of inflammatory cells were counted by Rachel's staining, and the expression of ECP/MPO was detected by colloidal gold assay.

Fecal Microbiota Transplantation Alleviates Allergic Rhinitis via CD4 T Cell Modulation Through Gut Microbiota Restoration.

Allergic rhinitis (AR) is an allergic condition of the upper respiratory tract with a complex pathogenesis, including epithelial barrier disruption, immune regulation, and gut microbiota, which is not yet fully understood. Gut microbiota is closely linked to allergic diseases, including AR. Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) has recently been recognized as a potentially effective therapy for allergic diseases.

Inflammatory endotypes of adenoidal hypertrophy based on a cluster analysis of biomarkers.

Objective: To identify adenoid inflammatory endotypes based on inflammatory markers, match endotypes to phenotypes, and predict endotypes.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 72 children with adenoid hypertrophy. Thirteen inflammatory markers and total immunoglobulin E (TIgE) in adenoid tissue were analyzed using Luminex and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for performing cluster analysis.

Copper-Catalyzed Asymmetric Allylation of -Aryl Aldimines.

The copper-catalyzed enantioselective allylation reaction of -aryl aldimines has been developed using a combination of Cu(OAc) and SPINOL-based phosphonamidite. This protocol significantly broadens the substrate scope, such that imines bearing various -substituents on the -aryl were converted smoothly into homoallylic amines in up to 99% yield and 98% ee. Taking advantage of the diversity of the -aryl motif, three kinds of -heterocyclic compounds were constructed, respectively, from the corresponding homoallylic amines in merely one step.

Dust mite component Analysis: Identifying key allergens components for effective immunotherapy in allergic rhinitis.

Background: The aim of this study was to examine the frequency of sensitization to house dust mite (HDM) components among allergic rhinitis patients receiving subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT), and to assess the correlation between SCIT efficacy and specific IgE (sIgE) levels for allergenic HDM components.

Methods: Serum samples and clinical data were collected from 38 allergic rhinitis patients receiving HDM-SCIT at baseline and after 1 year of treatment. Effective treatment was defined as a therapeutic index (TI) of at least 50% after 1 year.

Association of Dietary Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Intake with Allergic Rhinitis in Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study of NHANES 2005-2006.

Introduction: The incidence of allergic rhinitis (AR) is increasing year by year, and the pathogenesis is complex, in which diet may play an important role. The role of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in AR is still controversial. Previous studies have looked at the effects of PUFA during pregnancy, childhood, and adolescence.

The early-phase transcriptome and the clinical efficacy analysis in three modes of subcutaneous immunotherapy for allergic rhinitis.

Background: Allergen immunotherapy is the only etiological treatment for allergic rhinitis.

Objective: To analyze the efficacy, safety, and mechanism of subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT).

Methods: The efficacy, safety, and serum immunological changes of 3 modes of subcutaneous immunotherapy were compared.

The efficacy of steroid-eluting stents on the local inflammation of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis after endoscopic sinus surgery: a multicenter prospective longitudinal study.

Purpose: Attenuating local inflammation of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) after endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) was crucial. Corticosteroids were generally exploited to ameliorate the postoperative state of CRSwNP. This study aims to verify the efficacy of steroid-eluting stents on the local inflammation of CRSwNP following ESS.

Texture-structure-based liquid metal filling for blind-end microchannels and its application on multi-layer chips.

This research work reports a novel method to achieve fast liquid metal (LM) injection in blind-end microchannels which is especially suitable for multi-layer microfluidic chips. This method is based on a texture-like surface bonding technology. The texture-like surface is fabricated on a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) slab with standard soft-lithography technology and bonded with another PDMS slab with microelectrode patterns on it.

Calpeptin may reverse glucocorticoid-resistance of allergic rhinitis associated with cigarette smoke exposure by down-regulating interferon regulatory factor 1.

Cigarette smoke exposure is an important factor in chronic inflammation in patients with allergic rhinitis (AR); however, the relationship between cigarette smoke and AR-related glucocorticoid resistance requires further study. In mice, calpeptin significantly reduces inflammation of the lower respiratory tract caused by cigarette smoke, but whether it can treat glucocorticoid-resistant AR caused by cigarette smoke requires further research. In this study, we confirmed that cigarette smoke exposure can aggravate the Th2 inflammatory response in AR leading to glucocorticoid resistance.

The ratio of total IgE level at week 16 to baseline significantly correlated with the clinical response to omalizumab in moderate to severe allergic rhinitis patients.

Objective: To analyze whether the ratio of total IgE level at week 16 to baseline could be used as an indicator to evaluate clinical efficacy of patients treated with omalizumab.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical characteristics of 62 patients with moderate-to-severe allergic rhinitis treated with omalizumab, and compared the pre-and post-treatment nasal visual analog scale (n-VAS) scores, the Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire (RQLQ), Rhinitis Control Assessment Test (RCAT), improvement in nasal congestion, number of acute episodes of rhinitis, and total IgE levels in serum. The relationship between the efficacy of treatment with omalizumab and the change in total IgE levels before and after treatment was further analyzed.

MCM5 is an oncogene of colon adenocarcinoma and promotes progression through cell cycle control.

Many patients with colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) are diagnosed at an advanced stage, and the molecular mechanism of COAD progression is intricate and controversial. Therefore, there is an urgent need to identify more novel prognosis biomarkers for COAD and elucidate the molecular mechanism of this disease. The present study aimed to screen out key genes correlated with COAD prognosis.