Tailoring Microstructure via Rolling to Achieve Concurrent High Strength and Thermal Conductivity in Mg-Zn-Nd-Zr Alloys.

This study examined the comprehensive properties of Mg-Zn-Nd-Zr alloys in order to achieve both high strength and thermal conductivity simultaneously. The impact of rolling on the microstructure, mechanical properties, and thermal conductivity was analyzed for Mg-5Zn-xNd-0.4Zr alloys (x = 1, 2).

Enhanced Mechanical and Electromagnetic Shielding Properties of Mg Matrix Layered Composites Reinforced with Hybrid Graphene Nanosheet (GNS)-Carbon Nanotube (CNT) Networks.

The development of lightweight composites with superior mechanical properties and electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding performance is essential for various structural and functional applications. This study investigates the effect of hybrid nanocarbon (graphene nanosheet (GNS) and carbon nanotube (CNT)) reinforcements on the properties of magnesium (Mg) matrix composites. Specifically, the GNS-CNT hybrid, which forms a three-dimensional interconnected network structure, was analyzed and compared to composites reinforced with only GNSs or CNTs.

HL-BscPF: Hybrid learning facilitates brain cell auto-identification in multiple pathologies.

Aims: The rapidly growing scale and complexity of single-cell transcriptomic data in brain research make it increasingly difficult for traditional methods to extract meaningful insights efficiently, highlighting the need for artificial intelligence.

Materials And Methods: We presented the Hybrid Learning-based Brain single-cell Prediction Framework (HL-BscPF), designed to automate cell type classification and reveal disease-related pathways in the brain. HL-BscPF integrates ItClust and TOSICA models, combining autoencoder-based dimensionality reduction with transformer architecture to enhance predictive accuracy.

Effect of Adding Y Elements on Microstructure Refinement and Mechanical Properties of Mg-9Al-1Zn Alloy.

Grain refinement is of very important significance for improving the microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg alloys. This work investigated how the addition of various amounts of Y element affected the microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg-9Al-1Zn alloy. It was found that the grain size of Mg-9Al-1Zn alloy decreases as Y element content increases.

Design, Synthesis, and Antitumor Activity Evaluation of 2-Phenylthiazole-5-Carboxylic Acid Derivatives Targeting Transactivation Response RNA-Binding Protein 2.

Transactivation response (TAR) RNA-binding protein 2 (TRBP) plays a critical role in microRNA (miRNA) biosynthesis, with aberrant expression linked to various cancers. Previously, we identified , a phenyloxazole derivative that disrupts the TRBP-Dicer interaction in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In this study, we optimized this scaffold and substituent, leading to the discovery of , a 2-phenylthiazole-5-carboxylic acid derivative with nanomolar inhibitory activity (EC = 0.

Unveiling the Microstructural Features during Compression of a High-Modulus Mg-15Gd-8Y-6Al-0.3Mn Alloy Reinforced by a Large Volume of AlRE Phases.

Magnesium alloys with a high volume fraction of secondary phases exhibit inferior formability. Therefore, investigating their thermal deformation characteristics is critical for optimizing thermal processing techniques. In this work, isothermal compression experiments were performed on a Mg-15Gd-8Y-6Al-0.

Brain-Inspired Fast- and Slow-Update Prompt Tuning for Few-Shot Class-Incremental Learning.

Few-shot class-incremental learning (FSCIL) aims to learn new classes incrementally with a limited number of samples per class. Foundation models combined with prompt tuning showcase robust generalization and zero-shot learning (ZSL) capabilities, endowing them with potential advantages in transfer capabilities for FSCIL. However, existing prompt tuning methods excel in optimizing for stationary datasets, diverging from the inherent sequential nature in the FSCIL paradigm.

Universal Shot-Noise Limit for Quantum Metrology with Local Hamiltonians.

Quantum many-body interactions can induce quantum entanglement among particles, rendering them valuable resources for quantum-enhanced sensing. In this work, we establish a link between the bound on the growth of the quantum Fisher information and the Lieb-Robinson bound, which characterizes the operator growth in locally interacting quantum many-body systems. We show that for initial separable states, despite the use of local many-body interactions, the precision cannot surpass the shot noise limit at all times.

Nanobubble water promotes anaerobic digestion of high-solids cattle manure under mesophilic and thermophilic conditions.

The gradual increase in cattle farming has led to a huge production of cattle manure (CM), but the conventional treatment methods are less efficient. In this study, the treatment method of anaerobic digestion (AD) of high-solids CM by combining nanobubble water (NBW) with different gases was proposed to present a new idea for the reduction, harmlessness, and resourcefulness of CM. It was found that the performance of the digester with added NBW was better than the control.

Bubble-Mediated Production of Few-Layer Graphene via Vapor-Liquid Reaction between Carbon Dioxide and Magnesium Melt.

It is urgent to develop novel technologies to convert carbon dioxide to graphene. In this work, a bubble-mediated approach via a chemical reaction between carbon dioxide gas and magnesium melt to fabricate a few-layer graphene was illustrated. The morphology and defects of graphene can be regulated by manipulating the melt temperature.

Effects of chitosan and rice husk powder on thermal hydrolysis-anaerobic digested sludge conditioning: Dewaterability and biogas slurry fertility.

To enhance the dewaterability of anaerobic digested sludge and to make full use of the biogas slurry. This study set up five sludge conditioning methods: polymeric ferric sulfate, polymeric aluminum chloride, cationic polyacrylamide, chitosan, and chitosan combined with rice husk powder. Their effects on the dewaterability of thermal hydrolysis-anaerobic digested sludge, bacterial community, and biogas slurry fertility were studied to find a non-toxic and non-risk dewatering technology for the environment and biogas slurry.

Single-cell transcriptomics reveals ferrimagnetic vortex iron oxide nanoring-mediated mild magnetic hyperthermia exerts antitumor effects by alleviating macrophage suppression in breast cancer.

The potential of Ferrimagnetic vortex iron oxide nanoring-mediated mild magnetic hyperthermia (FVIO-MHT) in solid tumor therapy has been demonstrated. However, the impact of FVIO-MHT on the tumor microenvironment (TME) remains unclear. This study utilized single-cell transcriptome sequencing to examine the alterations in the TME in response to FVIO-MHT in breast cancer.

Comparison of Thermophilic-Mesophilic and Mesophilic-Thermophilic Two-Phase High-Solid Sludge Anaerobic Digestion at Different Inoculation Proportions: Digestion Performance and Microbial Diversity.

This study investigated the performance of thermophilic-mesophilic (T-M) and mesophilic-thermophilic (M-T) two-phase sludge anaerobic digestion at different inoculation proportions after a change in digestion temperature. After temperature change, the pH, total ammonia nitrogen (TAN), free ammonia nitrogen (FAN), solubility chemical oxygen demand (SCOD), and total alkalinity (TA) levels of two-phase digesters were between thermophilic control digesters and mesophilic control digesters. However, the volatile fatty acid (VFA) levels of two-phase digesters were higher than those of thermophilic or mesophilic control digesters.

Design, synthesis and structure-activity relationship studies on erianin analogues as pyruvate carboxylase inhibitors in hepatocellular carcinoma cells.

A series of novel erianin analogues were designed and synthesized based on the bioisosterism principle by altering the two aromatic rings of erianin, the substituents on the rings and the linker between them. The analogues were evaluated as pyruvate carboxylase (PC) inhibitors in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. It was found that compounds 35 and 36, where fluorine replaces a hydroxyl group, exhibited higher activity than erianin (IC value of 17.

LRRC8A Is a Promising Prognostic Biomarker and Therapeutic Target for Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma.

Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD) is a highly malignant tumor of the digestive system with increasing morbidity and mortality. The lack of sensitive and reliable biomarkers is one of the main reasons for the poor prognosis. Volume-regulated anion channels (VRAC), which are ubiquitously expressed in the vertebrate cell membrane, are composed of leucine-rich repeat-containing 8A (LRRC8A) and four other homologous family members (LRRC8B-E).

Corrigendum: An integrative serum pharmacology-based approach to study the anti-tumor activity of B. Paniculatum aqueous bulb extract on the human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line BEL-7404.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.

Thin-Copper-Layer-Induced Early Fracture in Graphene-Nanosheets (GNSs)-Reinforced Copper-Matrix-Laminated Composites.

The strength-ductility trade-off has been a long-standing challenge when designing and fabricating a novel metal matrix composite. In this study, graphene-nanosheets (GNSs)-reinforced copper (Cu)-matrix-laminated composites were fabricated through two methods, i.e.

Entanglement, Coherence, and Extractable Work in Quantum Batteries.

We investigate the connection between quantum resources and extractable work in quantum batteries. We demonstrate that quantum coherence in the battery or the battery-charger entanglement is a necessary resource for generating nonzero extractable work during the charging process. At the end of the charging process, we also establish a tight link of coherence and entanglement with the final extractable work: coherence naturally promotes the coherent work while coherence and entanglement inhibit the incoherent work.

Myoferlin disturbs redox equilibrium to accelerate gastric cancer migration.

Objective: In contrast to normal cells, in which reactive oxygen species (ROS) are maintained in redox equilibrium, cancer cells are characterized by ectopic ROS accumulation. Myoferlin, a newly identified oncogene, has been associated with tumor metastasis, intracellular ROS production, and energy metabolism. The mechanism by which myoferlin regulates gastric cancer cell migration and ROS accumulation has not been determined.

Discovery of a Novel Small-Molecule Inhibitor Disrupting TRBP-Dicer Interaction against Hepatocellular Carcinoma via the Modulation of microRNA Biogenesis.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key players in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tumorigenesis. Therefore, small molecules targeting components of miRNA biogenesis may provide new therapeutic means for HCC treatment. By a high-throughput screening and structural simplification, we identified a small molecule, CIB-3b, which suppresses the growth and metastasis of HCC and by modulating expression profiles of miRNAome and proteome in HCC cells.

Effect of Al Addition on Grain Refinement and Phase Transformation of the Mg-Gd-Y-Zn-Mn Alloy Containing LPSO Phase.

The effect of 0−1.0 at.% Al additions on grain refinement and phase transformation of the Mg-2.

1, 2-trans-Stereoselective 7-O-Glycosylation of Flavonoids with Unprotected Pyranoses by Mitsunobu Reaction.

The glycosylation of protecting-group-free pyranoses with flavonoids to generate flavonoid O-glycosides under Mitsunobu conditions was reported. The methodology allows to prepare a wide range of natural 7-flavonoid O-glycosides and their derivatives from commercially available chemicals in good to excellent yields with exclusive 1,2-trans-stereoselectivity regardless the anomeric configuration of employed pyranoses. The highly regioselective glycosylation was also achieved among different types of hydroxyl groups on the glycosyl acceptors.

Effects of La Addition on the Microstructure, Thermal Conductivity and Mechanical Properties of Mg-3Al-0.3Mn Alloys.

The effects of La addition on the microstructure, thermal conductivity and mechanical properties of as-cast and as-extruded Mg-3Al-xLa-0.3Mn (x = 1, 3 and 5 wt.%) alloys were studied.