Sub-inhibitory gentamicin promotes extracellular vesicles biogenesis and blaNDM dissemination in carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli via mrdA/mrdB pathway.

The increasing prevalence of carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli (CRE) in swine production poses a significant public health threat, largely driven by the misuse of antibiotics. Recent studies highlight extracellular vesicles (EVs) as emerging mediators of horizontal gene transfer and antibiotic resistance dissemination. In this study, we investigated the regulatory effects of sub-inhibitory concentrations of gentamicin (GEN), a commonly used antibiotic in pig farms, on EVs production and blaNDM gene transfer in CRE isolates.

Global patterns and trends in cancer-related premature death and their impact on life expectancy across 185 countries: a population-based analysis.

Background: The level of premature deaths (deaths among those aged 30-69 years) caused by cancer is an important indicator of evaluating the level of cancer prevention and control. However, the current burden and temporal trends in cancer-related premature deaths, and their impact on life expectancy at the global, regional, and national levels are not clear.

Methods: Cancer mortality data for 185 countries were obtained from the GLOBOCAN 2022 database.

VCPIP1 ameliorates sepsis-associated encephalopathy by promoting microglia autophagy via the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway.

Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) is acute diffuse brain dysfunctional clinically caused by systemic infections originating outside the central nervous system (CNS), characterized by acute delirium, coma, and persistent cognitive dysfunction. Multiple studies have demonstrated a crucial role of microglia in the development of SAE. Bioinformatics analysis of the Human Protein Atlas and single-cell RNA sequencing datasets revealed that valosin-containing protein interaction protein 1 (VCPIP1) is expressed at the highest levels in hippocampal microglia, suggesting its potential involvement in neuroinflammatory regulation.

Domain driven mining of high activity anti-biofilm glycoside hydrolases in pathogenic bacteria.

Biofilm formation represents a critical antimicrobial resistance mechanism contributing to persistent chronic infections. Glycoside hydrolases encoded within the exopolysaccharide synthesis gene clusters of pathogenic bacteria play pivotal roles in biofilm formation and dispersal processes, making the mining of anti-biofilm glycoside hydrolases from pathogen genomes a promising therapeutic strategy. In this study, we established a systematic pipeline for screening anti-biofilm glycoside hydrolases from Klebsiella pneumoniae and Acinetobacter baumannii genomes.

A phenomenological study of female dance majors from single-parent families after psychological counseling by a counselor.

Introduction: Single-parent families have recently become more common attributable to the increasing divorce rates in China. This has increased the prevalence of major psychological problems. Chinese tertiary students express their personal and developmental needs to school counselors as the key personnel in universities.

Phase control method for generating orbital angular momentum beams using coherent beam combining based on deep learning.

In recent years, orbital angular momentum (OAM) beams have shown great potential for applications in laser communication, laser processing, optical imaging, and detection. For free-space optical communication, high-power, high-quality vortex beams with a high signal-to-noise ratio are critical for long-distance communication. Coherent beam combining (CBC) of vortex beams enables the enhancement of power while maintaining high beam quality.

Recent advances in the interaction between acute respiratory distress syndrome and gut microbiota: A narrative review.

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a sudden, widespread inflammatory damage to the lungs resulting from multiple etiologies. ARDS is characterized by high sickness rates, mortality, and costly treatments and is a significant global health issue that lacks an effective treatment strategy. The microbiota of the gut is an intricate ecology indispensable for the host's health, immunology, and metabolism.

Evaluation of malnutrition risk screening in hospitalized children with digestive system diseases-a single-center cross-sectional study.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the malnutrition risk of hospitalized children with digestive system diseases and provide evidence for clinical nutritional support.

Methods: In this single-enter cross-sectional study, the modified pediatric malnutrition risk screening tool was used to assess the malnutrition risk of pediatric patients hospitalized for digestive system diseases from January 2024 to June 2024. The screening was carried out within 24 h after admission, and scores ≥4 and <4 were considered as high risk of malnutrition and non-high risk of malnutrition, respectively.

Unveiling a Novel Mechanism of Enhanced Secretion, Cargo Loading, and Accelerated Dynamics of Bacterial Extracellular Vesicles Following Antibiotic Exposure.

Antibiotic exposure substantially alters the production mechanisms of bacterial extracellular vesicles (BEVs), which serve as carriers for intercellular exchange of DNA, proteins, and nutrients, yet the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Here, using Escherichia coli as a model, we uncover how antibiotic exposure enhances BEV secretion, cargo enrichment, and motility. Our results demonstrate that enrofloxacin (ENR) triggers the SOS response, leading to upregulation of the endolysin genes essd-1, rrrd, and rzod, causing peptidoglycan layer damage and promoting modest BEV formation with encapsulated bioactive components such as DNA and proteins.

Investigation of Learning and Employment Status in the Undergraduate Education of Speech Rehabilitation in Mainland China.

Background: Speech-language pathology (SLP) in China, referred to as 'speech rehabilitation', addresses developmental and acquired communication disorders, including language delays, aphasia, and dysphagia. Despite the population exceeding 85 million individuals with communication disabilities, China faces a critical shortage of certified professionals, with fewer than 2000 practitioners nationwide.

Objective: To investigate the learning and employment status of undergraduate speech rehabilitation programs in mainland China, with the aim of identifying systemic gaps and proposing actionable reforms.

Acod1 Promotes PAD4 Ubiquitination via UBR5 Alkylation to Modulate NETosis and Exert Protective Effects in Sepsis.

Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are reticular structures released by neutrophils, and the process of their formation is called NETosis. NETs play a key role in the pathological process of sepsis. However, the specific regulatory mechanism has not been fully clarified.

miR-381-3p contribution in mouse spontaneous abortion targeting VEGFA.

Background: Recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) affects 1-5% of pregnant women; however, the mechanisms underlying this condition remain unknown. Dysangiogenesis in the placenta is an essential factor in the pathogenesis of RSA. Studies have verified that microRNAs (miRNAs) are vital for RSA; however, their mechanism of action in regulating angiogenesis remains unclear.

Tanshinone IIA attenuates sepsis-induced lung injury by reducing VEGFR2/PI3K/AKT-driven mitochondrial disruption dependent apoptosis.

Background: Sepsis-induced lung injury (SILI) is marked by excessive inflammation and apoptosis, posing considerable therapeutic problems owing to the scarcity of targeted therapy. Tanshinone IIA (TanIIA), a bioactive molecule extracted from Salvia miltiorrhiza, demonstrates potential in regulating inflammatory pathways and enhancing cellular resilience.

Purpose: This study comprehensively examined the therapeutic mechanisms of TanIIA in SILI by an integrated methodology that incorporates network pharmacology, molecular docking, and comprehensive experimental validation.

Emergence and traceability of Salmonella enterica serotype Mbandaka harboring bla from chickens in China.

Salmonella enterica serotype Mbandaka (S. Mbandaka), a multi-host adapted non-typhoidal Salmonella, has emerged as a significant public health concern in recent years. In this study, we isolated S.

OTUD1 exacerbates sepsis-associated encephalopathy by promoting HK2 mitochondrial release to drive microglia pyroptosis.

Background: Sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE), a life-threatening neurological complication of systemic infection, contributes substantially to sepsis-related mortality. Accumulating evidence demonstrates that microglia-driven neuroinflammation emerges as a central pathogenic mechanism underlying SAE. Here, we identify ovarian tumor deubiquitinase 1 (OTUD1) as a critical mediator of SAE pathogenesis.

254 nm Ultraviolet C Light Emitting Diode (LED) Radiation Enhances Wound Healing in a Rat Model of Full-Thickness Skin Defects.

Significance: 254 nm short wave ultraviolet (UVC) emitted by low-pressure mercury lamp is effective in the treatment of skin wounds. With the emergence of deep ultraviolet light-emitting diodes (LED), it is expected to significantly expand the clinical indications of UVC. However, whether 254 nm UVC generated by LED light source can promote skin wound healing has not been reported.

Coherent beam combining of phased fiber laser array with pointing error correction using light intensity gradient trap.

To solve the problem of coherent beam combining in multi-aperture arrays with large pointing errors, a control strategy based on the light intensity gradient trap is proposed. This method preprocesses the detected light intensity information from the target region before it enters the photodetector. The light intensity gradient trap filters the light intensity between the pointing errors of the spots in the extended area and the light intensity data.

Streptococcus suis regulates central carbon fluxes in response to environment to balance drug resistance and virulence.

Streptococcus suis, a zoonotic pathogen, must adapt to the distinct nutritional environment of the host microhabitat during infection and the establishment of invasive disease, primarily by modulating its metabolic pathways. Metabolic plasticity endows S. suis with an enhanced capacity for environmental adaptation.

Activated Notch1 promotes macrophage polarization and exacerbates sepsis-induced acute lung injury via β-catenin/NF-κB signaling.

Sepsis-induced acute lung injury (ALI) is a critical condition characterized by excessive inflammation, with macrophage polarization playing a pivotal role in its pathogenesis. In this study, we constructed myeloid-specific Notch1 knockout mice, overexpressed the Notch intracellular domain (NICD), and inhibited β-catenin using XAV939 to investigate the impact and mechanisms of Notch1 regulation in macrophage polarization and inflammatory responses in cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced septic mice. The results demonstrated that Notch1 knockout significantly reduced M1 macrophage polarization, alleviated systemic inflammation, mitigated lung injury, and improved survival in septic mice.

Combination of ultrasound and supercritical carbon dioxide extraction for trigonelline production from Quisqualis indica.

Trigonelline is a natural alkaloid with important nutrient benefits. A hybrid technique adopting ultrasound-assisted supercritical CO extraction (UASCE) was exploited for extraction of trigonelline from Quisqualis indica. Response surface methodology was used to optimize operational parameters of the UASCE process, which indicated that the highest trigonelline yield (TY), 4.

Global, Regional, and National Burdens of Hepatitis E From 1990 to 2021 and Predicted 2030 Incidence: Results From the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.

Our objective was to evaluate the shifting burden of hepatitis E virus (HEV) across age groups and geographical scopes from 1990 to 2021 and to predict incidence rates for 2030. Leveraging data from the Global Burden of Diseases 2021, we examined HEV incidence and disability-adjusted life years, calculated average annual percentage changes (AAPCs) and identified pivotal years for incidence trends. We stratified our analysis by age, sex, and sociodemographic index and employed the Bayesian age-period-cohort model to predict future incidence.

High-Level Lanthanide-Doped Upconversion Nanoparticles-Based Aptasensor to Increase Carcinoembryonic Antigen Detection Sensitivity.

Boosting the accuracy and speed of cancer detection is highly desirous in tumor detection, and sensors capable of detecting carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) have great application prospects in this field. A highly sensitive sensor is constructed based on the fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) with heavily rare-earth-doped upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) as energy donors and polydopamine nanoparticles (PDA NPs) as energy acceptors. This sensor detects the fluctuations in CEA molecules via luminescence quenching and recovery resulting from a competitive binding assay between CEA and PDA NPs.

Potential Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets in Hepatitis B Virus-related Acute Liver Failure: Interplay of the Ferroptosis, Autophagy and Immune Responses.

Hepatitis B virus-related acute liver failure (HBV-ALF) is characterized by a high fatality rate, its pathogenesis remains unclear and the therapeutic efficacy is limited. Ferroptosis which closely related to autophagy may be an underlying mechanism of HBV-ALF. The aim of this study was to identify key ferroptosis- and autophagy-related genes and pathways and provide insight into potential therapeutic approaches for HBV-ALF.

A Model to Identify Gray Zone Patients With Chronic Hepatitis B Requiring Antiviral Therapy: A Multicenter Retrospective Study.

Background: Individuals who do not match any specific immune stage of chronic hepatitis B are classified into the gray zone, and appropriate management for these patients remains unclear. This study aimed to develop and validate a noninvasive model to identify gray zone patients requiring antiviral therapy (AVT).

Methods: We retrospectively collected data on 200 gray zone patients not requiring AVT, according to assessment by noninvasive parameters from 2010 to 2023 in 6 hospitals, and randomized them into development (n = 140) and validation (n = 60) cohorts.

Circulating microbiome DNA features and its effect on predicting clinicopathological characteristics of patients with colorectal cancer.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) presents a complex tumor microenvironment influenced by genetic and microbial factors. Microbial DNA from the gut and tumor microenvironment can translocate into the bloodstream, forming a circulating microbiome associated with prognosis and clinicopathological features. This study investigates the peripheral venous blood microbiome in CRC patients using 2bRAD-M sequencing and evaluates its clinical significance.