Altered Neuroplasticity in Epilepsy is Associated with Neuroinflammation and Oxidative Stress: In vivo Evidence of Brain-Derived Extracellular Vesicles.

Purpose: Recurrent seizures lead to self-reconstruction of the central nervous system, which is termed the neuroplasticity of epilepsy. While preclinical studies implicate neuroinflammation and oxidative stress in epilepsy-associated neuroplasticity, in vivo molecular-level evidence in humans is lacking.

Patients And Methods: We used astrocyte-derived extracellular vesicles (ADEVs) and neuron-derived extracellular vesicles (NDEVs) as brain-derived biomarkers to explore biomarkers of neuroplasticity, neuroinflammation, and oxidative stress.

High HBsAg clearance rate and viral dynamics in HBeAg-positive, ALT-normal children and adolescents with chronic HBV infection: results from the prospective sprout project.

Hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)-positive chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in children and adolescents with normal alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels constitutes a substantial population in China, yet the optimal timing for antiviral therapy remains unclear. This prospective, real-world study, conducted as the primary centre of the Sprout Project, evaluated the hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) loss rate and viral-immune dynamics of pegylated interferon α (PEG-IFN-α) treatment in 85 chronic HBV patients aged 3-18 years over a 24-month period. A total of 27 HBeAg-positive, ALT-normal patients were selected for analysis.

Intranasal administration of exosomes derived from adipose mesenchymal stem cells ameliorates depressive-like behaviors and inhibits inflammation via AMPK/mTOR-mediated autophagy.

Background: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a severe, and often treatment-resistant, psychiatric disorder. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes have been shown to be neuroprotective. Here we employed adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell exosomes (ADSC-Exos) as a novel therapeutic approach for depressive-like behavior in mice and explored the underlying mechanisms.

A Feature-Aware Approach to Acupoint Compatibility Prediction Using Residual Graph Attention Networks and Matrix Factorization.

Compatibility among acupoints is a fundamental principle in acupuncture treatment within traditional Chinese medicine, playing a vital role in enhancing the effectiveness and scope of therapeutic interventions. With the increasing availability of acupuncture-related data, link prediction offers a data-driven approach that facilitates the evidence-based exploration and validation of acupoint compatibilities. However, existing link prediction methods often focus on mapping acupoints and their compatibility relationships into lower-dimensional spaces.

CRMP2 in the hippocampus alleviates chronic stress-induced depressive-like behaviours in mice by affecting synaptic function.

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a prevalent psychiatric illness and a significant contributor to the global burden of disease. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying depression are complex and have yet to be fully elucidated. Previous studies demonstrated that collapsin response mediator protein 2 (CRMP2) involved in the onset of depression, but its role is unclear yet.

Effect and mechanism of ultrasound time and storage time on physicochemical properties, 3D printing accuracy, and microstructure of ovalbumin-gellan gum emulsion gels.

To improve the 3D printing quality of emulsion gels, this study prepared ovalbumin-gellan gum emulsion gel (OG-EG) by adding gellan gum to peanut oil-ovalbumin emulsion. The effects and mechanisms of ultrasound time and storage time on the physicochemical properties, 3D printing accuracy, microstructure, and protein structure of OG-EG were investigated. Ultrasound and storage treatment enhanced the viscoelasticity, hardness, and compactness of the network structure of OG-EG.

The Mediating Role of Emotional Intelligence in the Organisational Commitment and Turnover Intention of Clinical Nurses: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Aim: To explore the influence of emotional intelligence and organisational commitment (OC) on clinical nurses' turnover intention (TI) and to provide intervention strategies to reduce the turnover rate of nursing staff and maintain the stability of the nursing team.

Design: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted with nurses (n = 452) in a tertiary hospital in Kaifeng City, Henan Province, China.

Methods: The project was conducted in July 2023.

The petunia heavy metal P-type ATPase PhHMA5II1 interacts with copper chaperons and regulate Cu detoxification.

An endoplasmic reticulum-localized Cu transporter, PhHMA5II1, interacts with copper chaperones and plays an important role in Cu detoxification in petunia. Copper (Cu) is an essential element for plant growth but toxic when present in excess. In this study we present the functional characterization of a petunia (Petunia hybrida) P-type heavy-metal ATPases (HMAs), PhHMA5II1.

Synergistic modification of ovalbumin by pH-driven and metal-phenolic networks: Development of dysphagia friendly high internal phase Pickering emulsions.

Dysphagia is a common functional disorder that limits the variety of available foods. This study explored the coordination assembly of tannic acid (TA) with Fe to form a metal-phenolic network (MPN) and developed ovalbumin (OVA)/MPN via a pH-driven method as a novel emulsifier to stabilize high internal phase Pickering emulsions (HIPPEs). Results indicated that, following pH-driven treatment, the OVA/MPN composite particles exhibited smaller sizes, enhanced electrostatic repulsion, and improved stability.

The bHLH Transcription Factor PhbHLH121 Regulates Response to Iron Deficiency in .

Iron (Fe) is an essential micronutrient for plants. Due to the low Fe bioavailability in cultivated soils, Fe deficiency is a widespread agricultural problem. In this study, we present the functional characterization of a petunia () basic-helix-loop-helix transcription factor PhbHLH121 in response to Fe shortage.

Development of an indirect ELISA based on the VP1 protein for detection of antibodies against water buffalo Hunnivirus.

Buffalo hunnivirus (BufHuV) is an important pathogen, which can cause diarrhea in water buffaloes, and as yet, there are no vaccines and drugs for its prevention and control. Here we studied the immunogenicity and predicted the three-dimensional structure of the BufHuV VP1 protein, in order to establish a rapid and efficient serological assay for detection of its antibodies in the host. The N-terminal truncated gene, consisting of amino acids 5-117, was selected and cloned into the prokaryotic expression vector pET-32a (+) to obtain the recombinant plasmid, pET-32a-BufHuV-VP1-1.

Carboxymethyl chitosan/polyacrylamide double network hydrogels based on hydrogen bond cross-linking as potential wound dressings for skin repair.

An ideal biomedical hydrogel should imitate natural tissues with high water absorption, high toughness and superior biocompatibility. However, hydrogels constructed from biomolecules such as polysaccharides have low mechanical strength and limited applications. Based on carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) and polyacrylamide (PAM), a facile process is presented for preparing double network hydrogels (CMCS/PAM) with improved mechanical properties.

Using Data-Driven Algorithms with Large-Scale Plasma Proteomic Data to Discover Novel Biomarkers for Diagnosing Depression.

Given recent technological advances in proteomics, it is now possible to quantify plasma proteomes in large cohorts of patients to screen for biomarkers and to guide the early diagnosis and treatment of depression. Here we used CatBoost machine learning to model and discover biomarkers of depression in UK Biobank data sets (depression = 4,479, healthy control = 19,821). CatBoost was employed for model construction, with Shapley Additive Explanations (SHAP) being utilized to interpret the resulting model.

Tailoring the Whole Deposition Process from Hydrated Zn to Zn for Stable and Reversible Zn Anode.

The practical application of aqueous zinc-ion batteries (ZIBs) indeed faces challenges primarily attributed to the inherent side reactions and dendrite growth associated with the Zn anode. In the present work, N-Methylmethanesulfonamide (NMS) is introduced to optimize the transfer, desolvation, and reduction of Zn, achieving highly stable and reversible Zn plating/stripping. The NMS molecule can substitute one HO molecule in the solvation structure of hydrated Zn and be preferentially chemisorbed on the Zn surface to protect Zn anode against corrosion and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), thereby suppressing byproducts formation.

Machine learning methods for adult OSAHS risk prediction.

Background: Obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) is a common disease that can cause multiple organ damage in the whole body. Our aim was to use machine learning (ML) to build an independent polysomnography (PSG) model to analyze risk factors and predict OSAHS.

Materials And Methods: Clinical data of 2064 snoring patients who underwent physical examination in the Health Management Center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Shanxi Medical University from July 2018 to July 2023 were retrospectively collected, involving 24 characteristic variables.

Environmental enrichment attenuates depressive-like behavior in maternal rats by inhibiting neuroinflammation and apoptosis and promoting neuroplasticity.

Gestational stress can exacerbate postpartum depression (PPD), for which treatment options remain limited. Environmental enrichment (EE) may be a therapeutic intervention for neuropsychiatric disorders, including depression, but the specific mechanisms by which EE might impact PPD remain unknown. Here we examined the behavioral, molecular, and cellular impact of EE in a stable PPD model in rats developed through maternal separation (MS).

Oligodendrocyte-derived exosomes-containing SIRT2 ameliorates depressive-like behaviors and restores hippocampal neurogenesis and synaptic plasticity via the AKT/GSK-3β pathway in depressed mice.

Aims: To investigate the antidepressant role of oligodendrocyte-derived exosomes (ODEXs)-containing sirtuin 2 (SIRT2) and the underlying mechanism both in vivo and in vitro.

Methods: Oligodendrocyte-derived exosomes isolated from mouse serum were administered to mice with chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS)-induced depression via the tail vein. The antidepressant effects of ODEXs were assessed through behavioral tests and quantification of alterations in hippocampal neuroplasticity.

Recent Advances in and Applications of Electrochemical Sensors Based on Covalent Organic Frameworks for Food Safety Analysis.

The international community has been paying close attention to the issue of food safety as a matter of public health. The presence of a wide range of contaminants in food poses a significant threat to human health, making it vital to develop detection methods for monitoring these chemical contaminants. Electrochemical sensors using emerging materials have been widely employed to detect food-derived contaminants.

Classification and design strategies of polysaccharide-based nano-nutrient delivery systems for enhanced bioactivity and targeted delivery: A review.

Since many nutrients are highly sensitive, they cannot be absorbed and utilized efficiently by the body. Using nano-delivery systems to encapsulate nutrients is an effective method of solving the problems associated with the application of nutrients at this stage. Polysaccharides, as natural biomaterials, have a unique chemical structure, ideal biocompatibility, biodegradability and low immunogenicity.

Potassium regulating electronic state of zirconia supported palladium catalyst and hydrogen spillover for improved acetylene hydrogenation.

High-selectivity acetylene hydrogenation to produce ethylene is an important issue of removing acetylene impurity in ethylene for industrial polyethylene production. Developing high-efficiency catalyst with excellent ethylene selectivity and catalytic durability is desirable but still challenging. In this work, potassium doped palladium catalysts supported on zirconia with different K contents (Pd/ZrO-xK) have been developed to catalyze acetylene hydrogenation, the Pd/ZrO-16K exhibits impressive catalytic performance with acetylene conversion of 100 %, ethylene selectivity of 81 % and high catalytic durability.

Dissection of action mechanisms of Zuogui Pill in the treatment of liver cancer based on machine learning and network pharmacology: A review.

This study aimed to investigate the underlying mechanism of Zuogui Pill in its efficacy against liver cancer, employing a combination of data mining approaches and network pharmacology methods. A novel clustering analysis algorithm was proposed to identify the core gene modules of Zuogui Pill. This algorithm successfully identified 5 core modules, with the first large module comprised of twelve proteins forming a 12-clique, representing the strongest connections among them.

Nanoparticle encapsulation using self-assembly abietic acid to improve oral bioavailability of curcumin.

This research constructed composite nanoparticles (NPs) using abietic acid (AA) as a carrier for significantly enhancing the bioavailability of curcumin (CCM). CCM-loaded AA NPs were synthesized using a low-energy microemulsification method, and the obtained nanoparticles had a spherical morphology with an average diameter of 458.66 nm, a narrow size distribution and a negative surface charge of -19.

Melatonin suppresses tumor proliferation and metastasis by targeting GATA2 in endometrial cancer.

Endometrial cancer (EC) is a reproductive system disease that occurs in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women. However, its etiology is unclear. Melatonin (MT) has been identified as a therapeutic agent for EC; however, its exact mechanism remains unclear.

Genomic Analysis Highlights Putative Defective Susceptibility Genes in Tomato Germplasm.

Tomato ( L.) is one of the most widely grown vegetables in the world and is impacted by many diseases which cause yield reduction or even crop failure. Breeding for disease resistance is thus a key objective in tomato improvement.