Multitrack Linearly Polarized Spectrometer for Simultaneous Kinetic UV-Vis, Polarization-Resolved- Scattering, and Photoluminescence Measurements.

Dynamic systems, defined by their continuous temporal evolution, are central to advancements in chemistry, biology, and materials science. Optical techniques that leverage light absorption, scattering, and emission are essential for characterizing structural and property changes in these systems. However, conventional optical toolssuch as UV-vis spectroscopy, fluorescence, and scattering techniquesprovide fragmented or incomplete insights, making it challenging to comprehensively understand dynamic processes and ensure reliable data interpretation.

HD-tDCS improves conflict processing and general behavioral stability.

Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) has been employed to enhance executive control (EC), thereby improving cognitive functions and mental health. However, the effects of tDCS on EC remain inconclusive, and the mechanisms involved in its impact on baseline and conflict processing are not well understood. This study applied high-definition tDCS (HD-tDCS) to the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex DLPFC) to investigate the distinct effects of tDCS on baseline and conflict processing.

Liquid resistance in underwater laser propulsion.

To investigate liquid resistance in underwater laser propulsion, we conducted underwater propulsion experiments with cylindrical titanium targets of identical mass but varying propulsion areas through high-speed photography. An analytical formula was derived to elucidate the relationship among the kinetic energy of the target, the energy of the bubble induced on the target's propulsion surface, and the energy loss due to liquid resistance. The results indicate that during the process of underwater laser propulsion, the liquid resistance experienced by the target before achieving a stable velocity is directly proportional to both its velocity and the area of its propulsion surface.

Global invasive alien plant management lists: Assessing current practices and adapting to new demands.

Invasive alien species (IAS) significantly threaten global biodiversity and ecosystem stability. Despite increasing management efforts, a critical knowledge gap existed in understanding commonalities and disparities among national strategies. We analyzed several IAS management lists from 23 countries and the European Union, focusing specifically on vascular plant species within these lists.

Predictive Modeling of Hyperparathyroidism in Patients With Benign Thyroid Nodules: A Cohort Study Using the Vizient Database.

Importance: Predicting primary hyperparathyroidism in data may facilitate earlier diagnosis and treatment.

Objective: Primary Hyperparathyroidism (pHPT) is the leading cause of hypercalcemia and up to 75% of hypercalcemic patients go undiagnosed. The purpose of this study was to examine the use of predictive modeling using a large clinical database to predict pHPT in patients with benign thyroid nodules.

Corrigendum to "Dynamic changes of platelets before and after surgery predict the prognosis of patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage" [Heliyon Volume 10, Issue 18, September 30, 2024, Article e37706].

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.

Frequency-specific modulations for subcomponents of executive functions in the infra-slow frequency range -A combined O-tDCS and fNIRS study.

Backgrounding: The executive functions (EFs) involve multiple subcomponents including inhibition, updating, and shifting. These subcomponents are mediated by distinct brain networks, each linked to specific neural oscillations. Frequency-specific stimulation is a key approach to achieving precise intervention on different cognitive functions through affecting specific spatiotemporal organizations of brain networks.

Gallium-based nano-liquid metals enabled antimicrobial mechanisms and biomedical applications.

Antimicrobial resistance has emerged as a significant public healthcare concern, highlighting the urgent need for novel non-antibiotic intervention strategies. There has been a surge in the development of antibiotic-free approaches, with gallium-based liquid metals (GLMs) emerging as a particularly promising alternative. These materials, characterized by their unique liquid nature, excellent biocompatibility, and versatile functionalization, hold significant potential for a wide range of biomedical applications, including tumor therapies, antibacterial treatments, drug delivery, and healthcare monitoring.

Prediction model of gastrointestinal tumor malignancy based on coagulation indicators such as TEG and neural networks.

Objectives: Accurate determination of gastrointestinal tumor malignancy is a crucial focus of clinical research. Constructing coagulation index models using big data is feasible to achieve this goal. This study builds various prediction models through machine learning methods based on the different coagulation statuses under varying malignancy levels of gastrointestinal tumors.

NK cell immunopotentiators-loaded nanoliposomes enhance ADCC effect for targeted therapy against HER2-positive breast cancer.

Trastuzumab serves as a cornerstone of first-line therapy for HER2-positive (HER2) breast cancer; however, a significant challenge arises due to the emergence of resistance within approximately one year of commencement of treatment, particularly in advanced cases with metastatic disease where its efficacy is limited. Our investigation into the tumor tissue from HER2 breast cancer patients, employing single-cell sequencing and bioinformatics analysis, has elucidated a crucial mechanism underlying the reduced responsiveness of tumors to trastuzumab: the diminished infiltration and activity of natural killer (NK) cells within the tumor microenvironment (TME). To counteract this impediment, we meticulously selected two potent immune-modulating peptides TKD and IP-10p, which are known to recruit and enhance the activity of NK cells.

Observation of complete energy transfer by orthogonally polarized Raman scattering in a high-birefringence fiber.

This study reports the observation of complete orthogonally polarized Raman scattering (OPRS) in a 1.0-km high-birefringence fiber (HBF). An incident pump pulse at 1560 nm with an energy of 2.

Years of life lost attributable to air pollution, a health risk-based air quality index approach in Ningbo, China.

Air pollution remains a significant threat to human health and economic development. Most previous studies have examined the health effects of individual pollutants, which often overlook the combined impacts of multiple pollutants. The traditional composite indicator air quality index (AQI) only focuses on the major pollutants, whereas the health risk-based air quality index (HAQI) could offer a more comprehensive evaluation of the health effects of various pollutants on populations.

Genomic insights into fibrinogen-related proteins and expression analysis in the Pacific white shrimp, Litopenaeusvannamei.

Fibrinogen-related domain (FReD) containing proteins are an evolutionarily conserved immune gene family characterized by the C-terminal fibrinogen (FBG) and diverse N-terminal domains. To understand the complexity of this family in crustaceans, we performed genome screening and identified 43 full-length FReDs encoding genes in Litopenaeus vannamei. Structural classification analysis revealed these putative FReDs could be divided into six types, including two reported types (LvFReDI and II) and four new types (LvFReDIII-VI).

Inhibition of METTL14 overcomes CDK4/6 inhibitor resistance driven by METTL14-m6A-E2F1-axis in ERα-positive breast cancer.

CDK4/6i, the first-line drug for treating ERα-positive breast cancer, significantly improves clinical outcomes. However, CDK4/6i resistance often develops and remains a major hurdle, and the underlying mechanisms remain challenging to fully investigate. Here, we used Genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 library screening combined with single-cell sequencing to screen for molecules mediating CDK4/6i resistance and identified METTL14 as a determinant of CDK4/6i sensitivity.

CD133-targeted afatinib nanomicelles for enhanced lung cancer theranostics.

Aims: To develop a novel nanomicelle system to target and eradicate CD133-expressing lung cancer stem cells (CSCs) while imaging lung cancer.

Methods: Averatinib nanomicelles with CD133 aptamers incorporated with gadolinium imaging reagents (M-Afa&Gd-CD133) were synthesized. The anticancer and imaging activities of M-Afa&Gd-CD133 were evaluated both in vitro and in vivo.

Effectiveness of sacral neuromodulation with 3D printing and ultrasound localization for treating neurogenic bladder in patients with pelvic structural anomalies.

Objective: To assess the efficacy and safety of Sacral Neuromodulation (SNM) in conjunction with 3D printing and ultrasound localization for treating patients with neurogenic bladder and pelvic structural anomalies.

Methods: This prospective study involved 56 patients diagnosed with neurogenic bladder and pelvic anomalies. They were treated with SNM from January 2022 to December 2023.

Causal associations of tea consumption on risk of pancreatic adenocarcinoma and the mediating role of vascular endothelial growth factor D levels.

Tea is one of the most widely consumed beverages in the world. However, the association between tea and risk of pancreatic adenocarcinoma remains controversial. This study aimed to investigate the causal relationship between tea consumption and risk of pancreatic adenocarcinoma and to explore their mediating effects.

Effects of solid-state fermentation product of yeast supplementation on liver and intestinal health, and resistance of common carp () against spring viraemia carp virus.

This study aimed to investigate the effects of solid-state fermentation products of yeast (SFPY) on liver and intestinal health and disease resistance of common carp (). A total of 200 common carp with an initial average weight of 2.55 ± 0.

Dual-Model Derailment Detection Algorithm Based on Variational Bayesian Kalman Filtering.

A derailment detection algorithm for railway freight cars based on micro inertial measurement units was designed to address the complex issue of the disassembly and assembly of derailment braking devices. Firstly, a horizontal attitude measurement model for freight cars was established, and attitude measurement algorithms based on gyroscopes and accelerometers were introduced. Subsequently, a high-precision attitude measurement algorithm based on variational Bayesian Kalman filtering was proposed, which used acceleration information as the observation data to correct attitude errors.