Beaver behavior optimizer: A novel metaheuristic algorithm for solar PV parameter identification and engineering problems.

Introduction: Numerical optimization plays a key role in improving the efficiency of solar photovoltaic (PV) systems and solving complex engineering problems. Traditional optimization methods often struggle with finding optimal solutions within a reasonable timeframe due to high-dimensional and non-linear problem landscapes.

Objectives: This study aims to introduce a novel swarm intelligence algorithm, the Beaver Behavior Optimizer (BBO), inspired by the cooperative behaviors of beavers during dam construction.

Single-Cell Transcriptome Profiling Reveals Dynamic Cell Populations and Immune Infiltration in Moyamoya Disease.

Background: The cellular composition and molecular mechanisms of the pathological arteries in Moyamoya disease (MMD) remain poorly understood. To improve our understanding of pathogenesis in MMD, we aimed to comprehensively map the cellular composition and molecular alterations within the pathological arteries of patients with MMD.

Methods: Superficial temporal artery samples were collected from patients with MMD (n=2) and healthy controls (n=3), yielding a total of 26 371 cells that were used for single-cell RNA sequencing.

Natural History and Outcomes of Deep-seated Brain Arteriovenous Malformations: a Propensity Score Matched Analysis Using Nationwide Multicenter Prospective Registry Data.

Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the natural history of deep-seated brain arteriovenous malformation (AVMs), as well as the risk-benefit outcomes of interventional treatment versus conservative management.

Materials & Methods: Patients with deep-seated AVMs were selected from a nationwide prospective multicenter registry study in China (the MATCH study), and univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted to identify factors associated with AVM rupture. In the analysis of outcomes, propensity score matching (PSM) was performed between the interventional and conservative treatment groups, adjusting for baseline differences.

Elevated Risk of Cerebral Arteriovenous Malformation Rupture during Pregnancy and Puerperium.

Objective: Cerebral arteriovenous malformations (AVM) pose a significant risk during pregnancy because of hormonal changes and increased hemodynamic stress. This study aims to assess the risk of AVM rupture during pregnancy and puerperium and to identify risk factors associated with rupture.

Methods: This prospective cohort study included 588 women with AVMs and a history of pregnancy, enrolled from a nationwide registry in China between August 2011 and August 2021.

Angiogenesis-related genes and immune microenvironment in moyamoya disease: a transcriptomic and functional analysis.

Background: Moyamoya disease (MMD) is a chronic, progressive occlusive cerebrovascular disease. It causes recurrent cerebrovascular stroke due to vascular closure and proliferation. An unclear pathophysiological mechanism is the most significant obstacle in the diagnosis and treatment of MMD.

Static and dynamic functional connectivity of unruptured arteriovenous malformations-related epilepsy: A resting-state functional MRI study.

Objective: To investigate the static and dynamic network alteration during the interictal phase in patients with epileptic unruptured arteriovenous malformation (AVM).

Methods: This study employed the seed-to-seed functional connectivity (FC) and the Hidden Markov Model (HMM) to analyze resting-state functional MRI (rsfMRI) data from 24 AVM patients at a single neurosurgery center and 23 control subjects from public datasets. The HMM successfully identified brain states related to AVM subgroups, which were further evaluated using intra- and inter-network-level FC analysis and graph theory.

Machine learning identifies KRT8 dysregulation and endothelial remodeling in Moyamoya disease.

Moyamoya disease (MMD) is a rare occlusive cerebrovascular disease, and its pathological mechanism remains unclear at present. The abnormal vascular remodeling may be involved in vascular endothelial cells. In this study, RNA seq was performed on the superficial temporal arteries of 10 patients with MMD.

A Machine Learning-Based Diagnostic Nomogram for Moyamoya Disease: The Validation of Hypoxia-Immune Gene Signatures.

Moyamoya disease (MMD) is a cerebrovascular disease which can result in severe strokes. However, its etiology is still unknown. We analyzed gene expression datasets from 36 MMD patients and 24 controls to identify differentially expressed genes.

Corrigendum to "Dynamic changes of platelets before and after surgery predict the prognosis of patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage" [Heliyon Volume 10, Issue 18, September 30, 2024, Article e37706].

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.

Research progress in intracranial artery dissections over past 25 years: a review and bibliometric analysis.

Background: A bibliometric and visual analysis of articles related to intracranial artery dissection (IAD) was performed to reveal the academic developments in this research field, to better assist researchers in reviewing previous research results, exploring current scientific research hotspots and cutting-edge trends, and obtaining a global perspective on IAD research.

Methods: Articles on IAD published from January 1, 2000 to March 15, 2025 were searched, screened, and downloaded using the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC). All literature included in the study was analyzed using VOSviewer, CiteSpace and Microsoft Excel.

Single-cell transcriptome profiling reveals dynamic cell populations and immune infiltration in cerebral cavernous malformation.

Introduction: The cellular subpopulations and signaling pathways in the pathological tissues of cerebral cavernous malformation (CCM) remain incompletely understood. To gain a deeper understanding of the pathogenesis of CCM, we aimed to comprehensively map the cellular subpopulations and signaling pathway alterations in the pathological tissues of sporadic CCM patients.

Methods: Lesional brain vascular tissues from CCM patients and normal brain vascular tissues from controls were collected.

Long-term outcomes of endovascular embolization and stereotactic radiosurgery as the first-line treatment for ruptured arteriovenous malformations: a propensity score-matched analysis using nationwide multicenter prospective registry data.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate and compare the risk-benefit profiles of endovascular embolization (EM) and stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) as first-line therapeutic strategies for the management of ruptured arteriovenous malformations (AVMs).

Materials And Methods: We included patients with ruptured AVMs who underwent EM or SRS as the first-line treatments from a nationwide prospective multicenter registry (the MATCH study) in China. Propensity score matching was employed to balance baseline characteristics between the EM and SRS groups.

Multidisciplinary Management of Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumors During Pregnancy: Institutional Report.

Management of pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (pitNETs) during pregnancy is challenging. Involvement of the multidisciplinary team (MDT) may benefit the collaborative decision-making. However, this aspect has not been well documented.

Application of AI Chatbot in Responding to Asynchronous Text-Based Messages From Patients With Cancer: Comparative Study.

Background: Telemedicine, which incorporates artificial intelligence such as chatbots, offers significant potential for enhancing health care delivery. However, the efficacy of artificial intelligence chatbots compared to human physicians in clinical settings remains underexplored, particularly in complex scenarios involving patients with cancer and asynchronous text-based interactions.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the performance of the GPT-4 (OpenAI) chatbot in responding to asynchronous text-based medical messages from patients with cancer by comparing its responses with those of physicians across two clinical scenarios: patient education and medical decision-making.

Integrating gonadal RNA-seq and small RNA-seq to analyze mRNA and miRNA changes in medaka sex differentiation.

MicroRNAs are important post-transcriptional regulators, yet the molecular crosstalk between miRNAs and their target genes during sex differentiation remains poorly understood. Medaka (Oryzias latipes), the first fish in which the sex determination gene was identified, serves as an ideal model for studying this process. Here, we generated gonadal RNA-seq and small RNA-seq data from XY females, wild-type females and males to explore this crosstalk.

Delayed ischemic stroke after PED placement for aneurysms: optimal duration of dual antiplatelet therapy and risk factors.

Background: Delayed ischemic stroke (DIS) is a rare complication that may occur in patients with cerebral aneurysms treated with the Pipeline Embolization device (PED). This study aims to evaluate the characteristics of DIS following PED placement and to investigate the optimal duration of dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) in relation to the incidence of DIS.

Methods: We conducted a multicenter retrospective cohort study on consecutive cases of intracranial aneurysms treated with PED.

Functional network reorganization and memory impairment in unruptured brain arteriovenous malformations.

Background: Brain arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are congenital vascular anomalies that can affect cognitive, particularly memory functions. However, the underlying mechanisms of neurocognitive abnormalities in unruptured AVMs remain unclear. This study aimed to explore spontaneous functional network reorganization associated with memory impairment in unruptured AVM patients using resting-state functional MRI (rsfMRI).

Serum amyloid A2-induced phenotypic switching of vascular smooth muscle cells in moyamoya disease.

Objective: This study was conducted to explore the role of serum amyloid A2 (SAA2) protein in the phenotype changes of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) in moyamoya disease (MMD).

Methods: Between January 2020 and August 2022, individuals with diagnosed MMD were identified through a combination of their neuroradiological assessments and medical history. Control participants consisted of healthy adult volunteers who did not have MMD or any preexisting diseases.

Dynamic cellular composition and immune landscape revealed by single-cell transcriptome profiling in a brain arteriovenous malformation.

Background: Cerebral arteriovenous malformation is a congenital blood vessel abnormality with its immune mechanism remains unclear. Our study characterized the change of cellular composition and gene expression landscape in brain arteriovenous malformation (bAVM).

Methods: We conducted single-cell RNA sequencing analysis on one bAVM sample and three healthy control (HC) samples.

Guided Antiplatelet Therapy for Stent-Treated Intracranial Aneurysms: A Cluster-Randomized Trial.

Background During neurointerventional treatment of intracranial aneurysms (IAs), poor antiplatelet drug response increases the risk of a cerebral ischemic event (IE). Replacing clopidogrel with ticagrelor may reduce this risk. Purpose To determine whether platelet function test (PFT)-guided antiplatelet therapy reduces incidence of IEs compared with standard dual antiplatelet therapy (SDAT; daily oral aspirin and clopidogrel, 100 mg and 75 mg, respectively) in patients undergoing endovascular intervention for IAs.

Deep-learning tool for early identification of non-traumatic intracranial hemorrhage etiology and application in clinical diagnostics based on computed tomography (CT) scans.

Background: To develop an artificial intelligence system that can accurately identify acute non-traumatic intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) etiology (aneurysms, hypertensive hemorrhage, arteriovenous malformation (AVM), Moyamoya disease (MMD), cavernous malformation (CM), or other causes) based on non-contrast computed tomography (NCCT) scans and investigate whether clinicians can benefit from it in a diagnostic setting.

Methods: The deep learning model was developed with 1,868 eligible NCCT scans with non-traumatic ICH collected between January 2011 and April 2018. We tested the model on two independent datasets (TT200 and SD 98) collected after April 2018.

Characterization of moyamoya disease molecular subtypes through disulfidptosis‑related genes and immune landscape analysis.

Moyamoya disease (MMD), a chronic cerebrovascular disorder, is characterized by progressive stenosis of major intracranial arteries. However, the mechanisms underlying the pathological narrowing have remained largely elusive. Disulfidptosis is a new mode of cell death caused by the vulnerability of the actin cytoskeleton to disulfide stress, and proteomic profiling of MMD has revealed that abnormal proliferation of endothelial cells may be induced by upregulation of focal adhesion-related proteins.

Regulation of the H1 Type VI Secretion System by the Transcriptional Regulator NfxB in .

The type VI secretion system (T6SS) is a widely distributed molecular apparatus found in most Gram-negative bacteria. Studies show that T6SSs have functions in bacterial virulence, inter- and intra-bacterial competition, and environmental adaptation. , an opportunistic pathogen, harbors three T6SS gene clusters that perform diverse roles in clinical infection.