Global burden of brain and central nervous system cancer among people aged 20-64 years, 1992-2021 and projections to 2050: a population-based study.

Objectives: To estimate the burden, trends, and inequalities of brain and central nervous system cancer (CNS cancer) among adults at global, regional and national level from 1992 to 2021.

Design: Population-based study.

Population: Adults aged 20-64 years from 21 regions and 204 countries and territories (Global Burden of Disease and Risk Factors Study 2021) from 1992 to 2021.

The role of mA RNA methylation in a love-hate relationship between porcine rotavirus and host cells.

N6-methyladenosine (mA), the most abundant mRNA modification, regulates various mRNA metabolism to affect numerous physiological processes, including immune response. Interestingly, many RNA viruses contain internal mA modifications that contribute to viral replication and innate immune escape process, but its mechanisms remain unclear. Porcine rotavirus (PoRV) is a common cause of diarrhea and gastroenteritis in piglets.

The efficacy and safety of tislelizumab with or without tyrosine kinase inhibitor as adjuvant therapy in hepatocellular carcinoma with high-risk of recurrence after curative resection.

Background: Multiple studies have demonstrated that adjuvant therapy with programmed death-1 (PD-1) inhibitors can enhance the recurrence-free survival of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) following curative resection. This study aims to assess the efficacy and safety of adjuvant tislelizumab (a PD-1 inhibitor), with or without tyrosine kinase inhibitors, in HCC patients at high risk of recurrence.

Methods: This is a retrospective, multicenter, single-arm study that enrolled patients with high-risk factors for HCC recurrence.

Cold Stress Responses of Different Genotypes of Assessed by Relative Electrical Conductivity and LT.

We aim to provide a theoretical basis for improving the cold tolerance of spp., a widely recognized C4 perennial bioenergy crop, and extending its application in the industry. This study evaluated its cold tolerance by measuring the relative electrical conductivity (REC) of detached leaves.

Comparative efficacy of gas therapy for diabetic foot ulcers using network meta-analysis.

Objective: Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) pose significant clinical challenges, with gas therapy emerging as a promising intervention. However, the comparative efficacy of various gas therapy modalities remains unclear. This study evaluates the effectiveness of different gas therapies, particularly hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT), in improving DFU outcomes.

Survival Benefit of Hepatectomy after Complete or Partial Response to Conversion Therapy in Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma (GUIDANCE003): A Multicenter Study.

Introduction: Uncertainty exists regarding whether hepatectomy enhances the prognosis for initially unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) that becomes resectable subsequent to conversion therapy. This study conducted a comparative analysis of survival rates between patients who underwent hepatectomy and those who did not, following complete or partial response to conversion therapy.

Methods: This retrospective study examined 300 patients with HCC who underwent hepatectomy following conversion therapy, along with 265 nonsurgical control subjects (215 receiving locoregional/systemic therapy and 50 under active surveillance) across 20 Chinese medical centers from 2019 to 2023.

First-in-Human Evaluation of [ 18 F]AldoView: A Highly Selective PET Tracer for Aldosterone Synthase Imaging in Primary Aldosteronism.

Objectives: Aldosterone synthase (CYP11B2) is overexpressed in primary aldosteronism (PA), making it a promising target for imaging. This first-in-human study evaluates the safety and feasibility of [ 18 F]AldoView, a highly selective PET tracer targeting CYP11B2, for PA subtyping.

Methods: Biodistribution and dosimetry of [ 18 F]AldoView were assessed in 3 healthy volunteers using whole-body PET/CT.

Predicting the presence of adjacent septic arthritis in children with acute hematogenous osteomyelitis.

Introduction: This study conducted statistical analysis of clinical data from cases of acute hematogenous osteomyelitis (AHO) with or without concomitant septic arthritis, with the objective of identifying factors that are indicative of concomitant septic arthritis. Predictive models will be developed to predict coexisting infections, with one that is independent of MR findings and another that incorporates MRI data.

Methods: A retrospective review of 127 children (132 cases of AHO) treated for AHO was performed.

Value of the conicity index as an indicator of abdominal obesity in predicting cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality risk in patients with diabetes based on NHANES data from 1999-2018.

Objective: The mortality risk among patients with diabetes is increasingly severe, yet the relationship between obesity and mortality risk in these patients remains controversial. This study evaluated the Conicity index (C-index), an indicator of abdominal obesity, to determine its value in predicting cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality in patients with diabetes.

Methods: This cross-sectional study utilized NHANES 1999-2018 data.

High initial conductivity and oxidation resistance of copper nanowire films depositing oxalic acid.

Transparent conductive films based on copper nanowires (Cu NWs) have attracted extensive attention due to their cost-effectiveness. However, the inferior conductivity of Cu NWs compared to silver nanowires (Ag NWs) and the significant room temperature oxidation behavior have limited their widespread application and versatility. In this study, we present OA-Cu NW flexible transparent conductive films (FTCFs), which exhibit higher initial electrical performance and room temperature oxidation resistance.

Structural characteristics of Saccharomyces cerevisiae mannoprotein and its immunomodulatory activities on RAW264.7 cells.

An enzyme-extracted mannoprotein (SC-MP) from the cell wall of Saccharomyces cerevisiae was investigated for structural characteristics and immunomodulatory effects on RAW264.7. The SC-MP was purified using the diethylaminoethyl (DEAE) cellulose column and gel column to isolate 2 fractions (MP-1 and MP-2), with MP-1 as the dominant fraction (yield, 87.

Prognosis of transphyseal hematogenous osteomyelitis in children: three case reports and a literature review.

Background: Transphyseal hematogenous osteomyelitis(THO) has been considered a potential cause of severe sequelae due to its damage to the growth plate. It has been reported that growth disturbance would take place if the area of involvement exceeds 7%. However, the growth plate seems to have more potential to recover and regain normal function.

Effect of Age on Aldosterone-Renin Ratio in Screening Primary Aldosteronism.

Primary aldosteronism (PA) is the most common endocrine cause of hypertension. The plasma aldosterone-to-renin ratio (ARR) is the most recommended screening tool for PA, but previous studies showed controversy regarding the influence of age on ARR. The aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of age on ARR measured using direct renin concentration (DRC) and its diagnostic value in patients with PA.

Knowledge of microalgal Rubiscos helps to improve photosynthetic efficiency of crops.

A comprehensive understanding of microalgal Rubiscos offers opportunities to enhance photosynthetic efficiency of crops. As food production fails to meet the needs of the expanding population, there is increasing concern about Ribulose-1, 5-diphosphate (RuBP) carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco), the enzyme that catalyzes CO fixation in photosynthesis. There have been many attempts to optimize Rubisco in crops, but the complex multicellular structure of higher plants makes optimization more difficult.

Sterile systemic inflammation reaction associated with 90-day mortality in patients with HBV-related acute-on-chronic liver failure.

Background: Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) represents the terminal and most lethal phase of acute decompensated cirrhosis. Systemic inflammation plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of ACLF. Systemic inflammation reaction syndrome (SIRS) is a marker of ongoing inflammation.

Multicenter, retrospective GUIDANCE001 study comparing transarterial chemoembolization with or without tyrosine kinase and immune checkpoint inhibitors as conversion therapy to treat unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma: Survival benefit in intermediate or advanced, but not early, stages.

Background And Aims: Various conversion therapy options have become available to patients with unresectable HCC, but which conversion therapy is optimal for which type of patient is controversial. This study compared the efficacy and safety of TACE alone or combined with immune checkpoint and tyrosine kinase inhibitors.

Approach And Results: Data were retrospectively compared for patients with initially unresectable HCC who underwent conversion therapy consisting of TACE alone (n=459) or combined with immune checkpoint and tyrosine kinase inhibitors (n=343).

Raptin, a sleep-induced hypothalamic hormone, suppresses appetite and obesity.

Sleep deficiency is associated with obesity, but the mechanisms underlying this connection remain unclear. Here, we identify a sleep-inducible hypothalamic protein hormone in humans and mice that suppresses obesity. This hormone is cleaved from reticulocalbin-2 (RCN2), and we name it Raptin.

Potential role of gut-related factors in the pathology of cartilage in osteoarthritis.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common progressive degenerative disease. Gut microbiota (GM) and their metabolites have been closely associated with the onset, progression, and pathology of OA. GM and their metabolites may influence the cartilage directly, or indirectly by affecting the gut, the immune system, and the endocrine system.

The role of vitamin D in slipped capital femoral epiphysis in children and adolescents: a retrospective case-control study.

Objective: To explore the correlation between vitamin D levels, related endocrine/metabolic factors, and the risk of slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) in children and adolescents, and to assess whether vitamin D levels are associated with SCFE severity.

Methods: A retrospective case-control study was conducted from March 2014 to October 2023 in Shengjing hospital. Patients diagnosed with SCFE were categorized as the SCFE group.

Mitochondrial Porin Is Required for Versatile Biocontrol Trait-Involved Biological Processes in a Filamentous Insect Pathogenic Fungus.

The mitochondrial voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC) is the major channel in the mitochondrial outer membrane for metabolites and ions. VDACs also regulate a variety of biological processes, which vary in the number of VDAC isoforms across different eukaryotes. However, little is known about VDAC-mediated biocontrol traits in biocontrol fungi.

Safety and efficacy of low-powered holmium laser enucleation of the prostate in comparison with plasma kinetic resection of prostate.

To compare the efficacy and safety of low-power holmium laser enucleation of the prostate (LP-HoLEP) with plasma kinetic resection of prostate (PKRP). Sixty-three patients treated with transurethral LP-HoLEP (observation group) and 68 patients treated with transurethral PKRP (control group) at Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from November 2019 to November 2022 were retrospectively compared with regard to operation duration, intra-operative blood loss, prostate resection ratio, postoperative bladder irrigation time, postoperative indwelling urinary catheter time, postoperative urinary incontinence incidence, International Prostate Symptom Scale (IPSS), maximum urine flow rate (Qmax), and residual urine volume (RUV). In both groups, postoperative IPSS, Qmax, and RUV were significantly improved compared to preoperative values (P < 0.