Continuous Glucose Measurements for Diet Monitoring in Healthy Adults.

Background: Lifestyle interventions and low glycemic diets have potential in diabetes prevention. However, dietary monitoring relies on self-report, which is prone to under-reporting. This observational study investigated the correlation between continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) metrics and glycemic load (GL) or daily macronutrients consumption.

Lysosomal-Targeting and Light/Ultrasound Sensitive Carbon Dots for Combined Photodynamic and Sonodynamic Therapies of Breast Tumor.

The combination of photodynamic therapy (PDT) with sonodynamic therapy (SDT) can compensate for shortcomings of PDT, such as the limited tissue penetration depth or low efficiency of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation of SDT, but it is still a great challenge to design and synthesize an ideal photo-/sono-sensitizer with a satisfactory targeting capability and biosafety. Herein, a novel type of carbon dots (CDs) containing morpholino surface group and the photo-/sono-sensitive core is synthesized by using levofloxacin and methylene blue as precursors via a hydrothermal synthesis. The as-synthesized CDs show a highly efficient generation of singlet oxygen (O) under a red laser irradiation while producing O and hydroxyl radical (·OH) under a low-intensity pulsed US stimulation, which leads to a remarkably enhanced ROS production yield in combined PDT and SDT of breast tumor.

Intraocular pressure following long-term scleral lens wear in Chinese eyes.

Purpose: Since the prevalence of glaucoma is greater in Asian populations, the purpose of this study was to investigate variations in intraocular pressure (IOP) following long-term scleral lens wear in Chinese eyes.

Methods: This prospective, observational clinical study included 60 Chinese participants with irregular corneas (irregular cornea group, ICG) and regular corneas (regular cornea group, RCG). Following a baseline examination and scleral lens fitting and dispensing, follow-up visits were conducted after 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months of scleral lens wear.

Salinity Effect on Soil Bacterial and Archaeal Diversity and Assembly in Salt Marshes in the Qaidam Basin, China.

Extreme environments foster phylogenetically diverse microorganisms and unique community assembly patterns. Plateau saline marsh lakes represent understudied extreme habitats characterized by dual stressors of high salinity and low temperature. Here, we analyzed the soil bacterial and archaeal diversity in three salt marshes of the Qaidam Basin on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, China.

Characterization of Water-Resistant Adhesive Prepared by Cross-Linking Reaction of Oxidized Starch with Lignin.

Wood adhesives play a critical role in the wood processing industry; however, traditional formaldehyde-based adhesives pose health risks and are reliant on non-renewable resources. This study aims to develop a bio-based wood adhesive with excellent water resistance, focusing on environmentally friendly solutions. The synthesis of an oxidized starch-lignin (OSTL) composite adhesive was accomplished by modifying starch via oxidation and subsequent cross-linking with lignin.

Design and Implementation of a High-Throughput Digital Microfluidic System Based on Optimized YOLOv8 Object Detection.

To address the challenges of excessive control pins and inefficient high-throughput droplet manipulation in conventional digital microfluidic chips, this study developed a parallel-motion digital microfluidic system integrated with an image acquisition device. The system employs an enhanced YOLOv8 object detection model for droplet recognition. By enabling parallel droplet transportation and processing, it significantly improves operational efficiency and detection accuracy.

Mutual boost between free radicals and photothermal effect for synergistic photothermal/thermodynamic antibacterial therapy.

Combined treatment is a promising strategy in antibacterial treatment, which could alleviate the shortcomings of monotherapy and achieve better therapeutic effects. In this work, mutual boost between free radical generation and photothermal effect for synergistic photothermal/thermodynamic antibacterial therapy was reported. Mesoporous silica nanoparticles were used as drug carrier for loading dibenzoyl peroxide (BPO).

Wonders of Harbor and Grey Seal Whiskers: Morphology, Natural Frequencies, and 3D Modeling.

Seals can track fish using highly sensitive whiskers; however, the extent to which their morphologically diverse whiskers respond to hydrodynamic signals across frequencies remains unexplored. To address this, the lengths, thicknesses, curvatures, and natural frequencies of whisker arrays in grey seals (Halichoerus grypus) and harbor seals (Phoca vitulina) are measured. These values are mapped to their corresponding locations on the seal muzzle, and spatial trends (rostral-caudal and ventral-dorsal) are analyzed.

High resolution two photon fluorescence probe monitoring ClO based on anion exchange for the synergistic ROS and ferroptosis activated by thermal energy.

Ferroptosis, closely correlated with hypochlorite (ClO), is an emerging form of iron-dependent cell death. Exploring the ClO content in living cells will help to further reveal the biological function of ferroptosis. In this work, we have developed a two-photon excited fluorescent probe (CMI-ClO) which can detect the ClO changes during ferroptosis.

Preparation of zein-rutin supramolecular nanoparticles using pH-ultrasound-shifting: binding mechanism, functional properties, and in vitro release kinetics.

The limited solubility of rutin necessitates the development of efficient delivery systems. This study developed zein-rutin supramolecular nanoparticles (Z-R-P-U) using a pH-ultrasound-shifting method, achieving high encapsulation efficiency (87.89 ± 1.

Development and Validation of the UriMee Model: A Methylation-based Diagnostic Tool for Early Diagnosis of Urothelial Carcinoma.

Background And Objective: Urothelial carcinoma (UC) is a common malignancy that imposes a significant health care burden. Current diagnostic methods are limited by their invasiveness and low sensitivity, particularly for detecting low-grade tumors. Noninvasive, accurate, and reliable diagnostic tests for an early diagnosis of UC are urgently needed.

Microbiota-shaped neutrophil senescence regulates sexual dimorphism in bladder cancer.

Sex disparities have been epidemiologically demonstrated in non-reproductive cancers, yet how the sex-specific intrinsic microbiome orchestrates the immune system to affect these disparities is unclear. Here we identify a subpopulation of RETNLGLCN2 senescence-like neutrophils (RLSNs) that preferentially accumulate in the male tumor microenvironment and exert a strong immunosuppressive effect to limit antitumor immunity, resulting in poor prognosis for patients with bladder cancer. This difference in enrichment of RLSNs between sexes can be attributed to intestinal bacterium Alistipes shahii, which preferentially populates in females rather than males.

Carboxymethyl Poria cocos polysaccharides protect against septic kidney injury by regulating the Nrf2-NF-κB signaling pathway.

Sepsis is one of the most common causes of acute kidney injury (AKI). Oxidative stress and inflammation within renal tissues are critical pathogenic mechanisms of septic AKI (S-AKI). Carboxymethylated Poria cocos polysaccharides (CMP) exhibit significant anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.

Co-evolutionary control of a class of coupled mixed-feedback systems.

Oscillatory behavior is ubiquitous in many natural and engineered systems, often emerging through self-regulating mechanisms. In this paper, we address the challenge of stabilizing a desired oscillatory pattern in a networked system where neither the internal dynamics nor the interconnections can be changed. To achieve this, we propose two distinct control strategies.

Temporary consolidation and excavation of artifacts at waterlogged archaeological sites.

Ensuring the preservation of fragile artifacts from waterlogged archaeological sites demands the advancement of extraction techniques that uphold both safety and the integrity of historical data. Conventionally employed extraction materials are predominantly applicable to sites exhibiting high soil stability and low moisture content, whereas the recovery of artifacts from waterlogged contexts remains technically challenging. This study explores low-acyl gellan gum as a temporary solidification material for waterlogged archaeological relics, enhancing its efficacy through ionic cross-linking methodologies.

Metastasizing to the colon from triple-negative breast cancer: A case report and review of literature.

Background: Breast cancer (BC) metastasis to the gastrointestinal tract is uncommon, colonic metastasis from BC (CMBC) is even rarer.

Case Summary: This report describes a 44-year-old female patient with metastatic triple-negative BC in the ascending colon who underwent laparoscopic radical right hemicolectomy. The patient had undergone left modified radical mastectomy only 15 months ago and stopped chemotherapy just 3 months ago.

Enhancing temozolomide efficacy in GBM: The synergistic role of chuanxiong rhizoma essential oil.

Background: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is a highly aggressive brain tumor with a poor prognosis. Temozolomide (TMZ), the standard first-line chemotherapy drug is limited by severe toxicity and the development of drug resistance.

Purpose: To explore the potential of Chuanxiong Rhizoma (CR), a traditional Chinese medicine, in enhancing the efficacy of TMZ against GBM, especially in TMZ-resistant cells under hypoxic conditions.

Pathology report generation from whole slide images with knowledge retrieval and multi-level regional feature selection.

Background And Objectives: With the development of deep learning techniques, the computer-assisted pathology diagnosis plays a crucial role in clinical diagnosis. An important task within this field is report generation, which provides doctors with text descriptions of whole slide images (WSIs). Report generation from WSIs presents significant challenges due to the structural complexity and pathological diversity of tissues, as well as the large size and high information density of WSIs.

Exploratory Study on Nanoparticle Co-Delivery of Temozolomide and Ligustilide for Enhanced Brain Tumor Therapy.

Temozolomide (TMZ) is the first-line therapy for glioblastoma (GBM), but its clinical efficacy is limited by its short half-life, poor brain targeting, adverse side effects, and the development of drug resistance. Ligustilide (LIG) has been shown to enhance blood-brain barrier permeability and reduce P-glycoprotein activity, thereby potentiating the synergistic effect of TMZ against GBM. The dual-drug-loaded nanoparticles encapsulating both TMZ and LIG (TMZ/LIG-NPs) were prepared using Poly (d,l-lactic-co-glycolide)-monomethoxy poly (ethylene glycol) (PLGA-mPEG).

Case Report: Acute intussusception in a 2-year-old male patient: a rare case of Burkitt's lymphoma coexisting with Meckel's diverticulum.

In children, 90% cases of intussusception are idiopathic and the remaining 10% are attributed to underlying diseases (most commonly due to Meckel's diverticulum, polyps then either duplication cyst or mesentery cysts, and rarely due to Burkitt's lymphoma). The occurrence of acute intestinal intussusception caused by Burkitt's lymphoma in children under the age of 5 is exceedingly rare. Burkitt's lymphoma presents with diverse clinical manifestations, often leading to the identification of an abdominal tumor in pediatric patients.

Modulation of BiSbTe Alloy Application Temperature via Optimizing Material Composition.

BiTe-based alloys are representatively commercialized thermoelectric materials for refrigeration and power generation. Refrigeration mainly utilizes thermoelectric properties near room temperature, while the power generation temperature is relatively high. However, it is difficult for bismuth telluride to maintain good thermoelectric properties throughout the entire temperature range of 300-500 K.

Promoting macrophage phagocytosis of cancer cells for effective cancer immunotherapy.

Cancer therapy has been revolutionized by immunotherapeutic agents exploiting adaptive antitumor immunity in the past two decades. However, the overall response rate of these immunotherapies is limited, and patients also develop resistance upon treatment, promoting a rapidly growing exploration of anti-tumor innate immunity for effective cancer therapy. Among these, macrophage immunotherapy through harnessing macrophage phagocytosis has been thrust into the spotlight due to its potential for simultaneously inducing cancer cell killing effect and mobilizing adaptive antitumor responses.

Parental Reconstruction from a Half-Sib Population of Stoneless Jujube Mill. Based on Individual Specific SNP Markers Using Multiplex PCR.

The selection of unique and individual-specific SNPs is important as compared with universal SNPs for individual identification. Therefore, the main significance of this research is the selection of specific SNPs in male parent and the identification of offspring with these specific SNPs in their genome by multiplex PCR, which is utilized for genotyping of 332 half-sib plants of .This cost-effective method makes as much as possible to utilize the same amount of each pair of various targeted loci primers.

An Automated Digital Microfluidic System Based on Inkjet Printing.

Cellular interactions, such as intercellular communication and signal transduction, can be enhanced within three-dimensional cell spheroids, contributing significantly to cellular viability and proliferation. This is crucial for advancements in cancer research, drug testing, and personalized medicine. The dimensions of the cell spheroids play a pivotal role in their functionality, affecting cell proliferation and differentiation, intercellular interactions, gene expression, protein synthesis, drug penetration, and metabolism.

Identification of a coagulation-related gene signature for predicting prognosis in recurrent glioma.

Background: Recurrent gliomas rapidly progress and have high mortality and poor prognosis in the central nervous system. Therefore, further investigation of prognostic and therapeutic markers is needed.

Methods: The mRNA expression, clinical data, and coagulation-related genes (CRGs) associated with recurrent glioma were obtained and calculated from the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes databases.