Electrochemistry-Accelerated Water-Gas Shift Reaction on IrN-RhN Dual Sites Catalysts for Efficient Hydrogen Production.

The water-gas shift reaction (WGSR) is crucial to the hydrogen economy, which is hampered by the harsh conditions and complicated purification process. In this work, the spatially separated efficient CO conversion and high-purity H production are realized by electrochemistry-accelerated water-gas shift reaction (WGSR) with IrN-RhN dual sites single atom catalysts (IrRh-NC) in high-temperature polymer-electrolyte-membrane electrolyzer. In this reaction, the Ir single atoms in the catalysts can rapidly dissociate HO at an extremely low potential to supply abundant *OH, which ensures the *OH groups bind to the spontaneously adsorbed *CO on neighboring Rh sites to further accelerate CO conversion.

Decoding rheumatoid arthritis: Biomarker identification and immune profiling via bioinformatics and Mendelian randomization.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a prevalent autoimmune disorder that significantly reduces quality of life and imposes a substantial burden on society. This study addresses the critical gaps in current diagnostic and therapeutic modalities by aiming to identify improved biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets. Using data from 2 gene expression omnibus databases, we executed a comprehensive differential gene expression analysis integrated with Mendelian randomization.

Road damage detection based on improved YOLO algorithm.

With urbanization accelerating and transportation demand growing, road damage has become an increasingly pressing issue. Traditional manual inspection methods are not only time-consuming but also costly, struggling to meet current demands. As a result, adopting deep learning-based road damage detection technologies has emerged as a leading-edge and efficient solution.

Effectiveness of dietary supplements for skin photoaging in healthy adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: The dietary supplement industry offers a wide range of orally consumed products that claim to combat skin photoaging, however, there is a lack of research on the proof of safety and effectiveness of dietary supplements in anti-skin photoaging. To further confirm their safety and efficacy, this article provides a detailed review and meta-analysis.

Methods: Four databases, including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library (Central Database), were searched for relevant literature up to October 2024.

Validated tools used to assess musculoskeletal injuries in competitive rhythmic gymnasts: A systematic review.

Background: Rhythmic gymnasts need years of hard work. However, despite their endeavor, they often face a high risk of injury due of the demands of strength, endurance, and apparatus exercises. Standardized and validated assessment tools are essential for the effective detection and treatment of these injuries.

Near-Infrared Electrochemiluminescence of Gold Nanoclusters and Their Gene Assay Application with Thiol as the Bioconjugate Anchor.

Amide bonds are most frequently utilized to form the bioconjugates of nanoclusters (NCs) and biomolecules; however, the amide bonds involved in the bioconjugation process tend to dramatically alter the functional group of NCs, decrease storage stability, and eventually block their practical bioapplication. With -acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC)-capped AuNCs (NAC-AuNCs) as a model, we propose a biocompatible electrochemiluminescence (ECL) luminophore with thiol as a stabilizer and bioconjugate anchor. The NAC-AuNCs can exhibit a solely oxidative-reduction ECL process around +0.

Causal associations between gut microbiota, metabolites, and idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus: a two‑sample Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Implying connections with gut microbiome and serum metabolites, idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (INPH) emerges as a prevalent neuropsychiatric condition in the elderly. Our objective was to systematically evaluate the potential causality between gut microbiome, derived metabolites, and INPH through the implementation of Mendelian randomization (MR) methodology.

Methods: We utilized summary data from extensive genome-wide association studies, encompassing 196 gut microbiomes from the MiBioGen consortium (n = 18,340), 486 serum metabolites from the KORA and TwinsUK studies (n = 7,824), and individuals with INPH (case = 767, control = 375,610), for MR causal estimates.

Coreactant-free and single-potential-channel electrochemiluminescence from dual-thiols-stabilizer capped gold nanoclusters and its NIR immunoassay application.

Ru(bpy)/tripropylamine (TPrA) is the sole electrochemiluminescence (ECL) system, which is being extensively employed in commercialized In Vitro Diagnosis. The coreactant ECL of Ru(bpy)/TPrA is of a multiple-channel emission and wide electrochemical potential window nature. Herein, a coreactant-free and single-potential-channel ECL strategy is proposed with a biocompatible nano-electrochemiluminophore, i.

An intelligent system for precise management of coagulants in sludge conditioning: Inspired by the exploratory behavior in primates using senses.

Coagulation conditioning is a key step for sludge dewatering, while the control of optimal coagulant dosing is still a challenge. This study proposes an intelligent system for the precise management of coagulants (IIS) in sludge conditioning. This system was assembled using an electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS)-based sensor and a decision-making model to conduct the self-perception, decision-making, execution, and dosage optimization in sludge conditioning through a feedback-driven exploratory trial process, conceptually inspired by structured exploration behavior observed in primates.

[Finite element analysis of adding one transverse screw for Pauwels type femoral neck fractures].

Objective: To investigate whether adding 1 transverse screw (TS) to the triangular parallel cannulated screw (TPCS) fixation has a mechanical stability advantage for Pauwels type Ⅲ femoral neck fractures by conducting finite element analysis on four internal fixation methods.

Methods: Based on CT data of a healthy adult male volunteer's femur, three Pauwels type Ⅲ femoral neck fracture models (Pauwels angle 70°, Pauwels angle 80°, and Pauwels angle 70° combined with bone defect) were constructed using Mimics 21.0 software and SolidWorks 2017 software.

Machine learning-driven optical microfiltration device for improved nanoplastic sampling and detection in water systems.

The rising presence of nanoplastics in water poses toxicity risks and long-term ecological and health impacts. Detecting nanoplastics remains challenging due to their small size, complex chemistry, and environmental interference. Traditional filtration combined with Raman spectroscopy is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and often lacks accuracy and sensitivity.

Longitudinal association of community and residential environment with the risk of cognitive impairment in middle-aged and older Chinese adults.

Cognitive impairment has emerged as a critical global public health issue. This study investigated the association between community and residential environments and the risk of cognitive impairment among Chinese middle-aged and older adults. The study included a final sample of 10,471 participants from the 2011-2020 The China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) cohort.

Antibacterial mechanism of lysine against Escherichia coli O157:H7, its action on lettuce and in reducing the severity of murine colitis.

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the mechanism of antimicrobial action of Lysine (Lys) against Escherichia coli (E. coli) O157:H7. Lys alters the permeability and morphology of bacterial cell membranes, leading to leakage of intracellular material.

Mendelian randomization of serum micronutrients and osteoarthritis risk: focus on zinc.

Background: Osteoarthritis (OA) is an increasingly severe public health issue globally. Micronutrients are essential for maintaining normal physiological functions and metabolic balance; however, their relationship with OA is not fully understood.

Methods: This study aimed to evaluate the potential causal relationships between 15 key micronutrients and the risk of OA using both two-sample and multivariate Mendelian randomization approaches.

Causal relationship between Baff-R expression and normal pressure hydrocephalus: insights from Mendelian randomization analysis.

Objectives: Previous studies have suggested a possible link between normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) and immune factors, but the causal relationship between NPH and Baff-R expression on immune cells remains enigmatic. This study used a Mendelian randomization (MR) method to elucidate this association.

Methods: The study used data from the Finngen genome-wide association study (GWAS) and included a large European cohort of 767 patients with NPH and 375,610 controls.

Elastic scattering spectrum fused with Raman spectrum for rapid classification of colorectal cancer tissues.

Currently, HE staining and microscopic imaging are the main approaches for the diagnosis of cancerous tissues, which are inefficient, and the results are heavily dependent on doctors' experience. Therefore, establishing a rapid and accurate method for identifying cancerous tissues is of great value for the preoperative and intraoperative assessments. Raman spectroscopy is a non-destructive, label-free and highly specific method, and it has been widely reported in cancer tissue research.

A Case of Metastatic Synovial Sarcoma of the Lung With Recurrent Spontaneous Pneumothorax.

Background: Synovial sarcoma, a highly aggressive soft tissue sarcoma, is mostly seen among young people and tends to occur in the extremities. It most commonly metastasizes to the lungs, and symptoms such as chest tightness, shortness of breath, and coughing are common after metastasis. However, multiple spontaneous pneumothorax is relatively rare.

Copper and iron as unique trace elements linked to fibromyalgia risk.

Fibromyalgia (FM) is a prevalent chronic pain condition with a complex and not fully understood etiology. Abnormal metabolism of trace elements is suspected to play a role in the pathogenesis of FM, though the exact relationships have yet to be clarified. This study employed Mendelian randomization (MR) to assess potential causal relationships between 15 major trace elements and the risk of FM, focusing on the specific roles of elements that show significant associations.

COF-Assisted Construction of Steric Mass-Charge Channels to Boost Activity for High-Performance Fuel Cells.

The two-dimensional lamellar materials disperse platinum sites and minimize noble-metal usage for fuel cells, while mass transport resistance at the stacked layers spurs device failure with a significant performance decline in membrane electrode assembly (MEA). Herein, we implant porous and rigid sulfonated covalent organic frameworks (COF) into the graphene-based catalytic layer for the construction of steric mass-charge channels, which highly facilitates the activity of oxygen reduction reactions in both the rotating disk electrode (RDE) measurements and MEA device tests. Specifically, the normalized mass activity is remarkably boosted by 3.

The associations between risk factors and pituitary neuroendocrine tumors: A bidirectional Mendelian randomization study.

The etiological basis of pituitary neuroendocrine tumors is uncertain. We used Mendelian randomization technique to investigate the potential influence of several risk factors on the likelihood of developing pituitary neuroendocrine tumors. We admitted 8 risk factors, divided into 3 lifestyle factors and 5 chronic diseases as exposure factors.

BiFusionPathoNet: fusion network for drug-resistant bacteria identification optical scattering patterns.

The presented research introduces a new method to identify drug-resistant bacteria rapidly with high accuracy using artificial intelligence combined with Multi-angle Dynamic Light Scattering (MDLS) signals and Raman scattering signals. The main research focus is to distinguish methicillin-resistant (MRSA) and methicillin-sensitive (MSSA). First, a microfluidic platform was developed embedded with optical fibers to acquire the MDLS signals of bacteria and Raman scattering signals obtained by using a Raman spectrometer.

A novel MRI-based radiomics for preoperative prediction of lymphovascular invasion in rectal cancer.

Background: To develop and validate a clinical-radiomics model for preoperative prediction of lymphovascular invasion (LVI) in rectal cancer.

Methods: This retrospective study included data from 239 patients with pathologically confirmed rectal adenocarcinoma from two centers, all of whom underwent MRI examinations. Cases from the first center (n = 189) were randomly divided into a training set and an internal validation set at a 7:3 ratio, while cases from the second center (n = 50) constituted the external validation set.

Trade-offs between Cd bioconcentration and translocation and underlying physiological and rhizobacterial mechanisms in Phragmites australis.

Cadmium (Cd) pollution poses a significant threat to wetland ecosystems. Phragmites australis, a species with intraspecific ploidy diversity, is commonly used in constructed wetlands for pollution remediation. However, little is known about how the ploidy variation of P.

A Fusion Dimension Reduction Method for the Features of Surface Electromyographic Signals.

Surface electromyographic signals (sEMG) usually have high-dimensional properties, and direct processing of these data consumes significant computational resources. Dimensionality reduction processing can reduce the dimension of the data and improve the real-time performance and response speed. This is especially important for application scenarios such as prosthetic control and rehabilitation training where rapid feedback is required.