A Systematic Survey of the Optimal Strategy for Dealing With Missing Binary Outcomes in Simulation Studies of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Aim: To summarize the optimal strategies for dealing with missing binary outcome data (MBOD) in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) as informed by simulation studies, and to summarize the quality of reporting in these studies.

Methods: To identify simulation studies comparing at least two strategies to deal with MBOD and evaluating their performance (bias, coverage and power), we searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials via Ovid, Web of Science, and JSTOR from their inception up to December 20, 2023. We evaluated reporting quality using established criteria for simulation studies in medical statistics.

Co-development of a Post-Acute Care Intervention for Frailty using Information and Communication technology (PACIFIC): a development process protocol.

Introduction: Hospitalisation is one of the most stressful life events for older adults, particularly for those who are pre-frail or frail. Multi-component community-based interventions have the potential to address the complex needs of older adults post-acute care admission. While some available interventions have been developed with end-user engagement, fully involving older people who are pre-frail or frail in the design of interventions has been less common.

The Prevalence of Diabetic Retinopathy in American Indians/Alaska Natives and non-Indigenous Americans: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Topic: To estimate the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in adult American Indians / Alaska Natives (AI/AN) and non-AI/AN patients with diabetes.

Clinical Relevance: Although diabetes mellitus is more prevalent among AI/AN patients compared to non-AI/AN patients, the evidence is inconsistent regarding whether AI/AN patients have a higher prevalence or severity of diabetic retinopathy.

Methods: We searched Ovid MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Web of Science Databases from inception until February 23 2025.

Baseline Optical Coherence Tomography Biomarkers Associated with Visual Acuity in Diabetic Macular Edema: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Purpose: Determine effect estimates and certainty of evidence for the associations between baseline optical coherence tomography (OCT) biomarkers and (1) patients' visual acuity (VA) and (2) changes in VA from baseline to 6, 12, and 24 months after initiation of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor, steroid, or laser treatment for diabetic macular edema.

Clinical Relevance: Understanding the prognostic value conferred by biomarkers can help predict disease activity and inform treatment decisions.

Methods: This review was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42023487798).

Relationship between biomarkers and pain and falls in middle aged and older adults - An analysis of the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging.

Background: Pain is highly prevalent in older adults, and is associated with an increased risk of falls. There has been growing attention on the role of biomarkers. However, most studies have focused on a smaller number of biomarkers, and few have investigated the interrelationship with other biopsychosocial outcomes and the interrelationship between pain and falls simultaneously.

High Tibial Osteotomy for Medial Compartment Knee Osteoarthritis : A Randomized Trial With Parallel Preference Arm.

Background: Medial opening wedge high tibial osteotomy (HTO) is a limb realignment surgery that aims to preserve joint structure and improve clinical outcomes by redistributing ambulatory loads on the knee among patients with knee osteoarthritis and varus alignment.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of medial opening wedge HTO.

Design: Single-center, open-label, assessor-blinded randomized trial with a parallel preference arm.

Chronic ankle instability: a meta-analysis and systematic review comparing clinical outcomes of anterior talofibular ligament repair with or without reinforcement of the lower extensor retinaculum.

Background: Chronic ankle instability (CAI) is a prevalent condition often treated with the Broström procedure, sometimes modified by Gould. This study aims to compare the clinical outcomes of patients undergoing the Broström procedure with and without the Gould modification, focusing on the implications for CAI management.

Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted across PubMed, EMBASE, Wiley Library, Science Direct, Europe PMC, and Scopus for studies comparing the Broström procedure with and without the Gould modification.

Multimodal medical image-to-image translation via variational autoencoder latent space mapping.

Background: Medical image translation has become an essential tool in modern radiotherapy, providing complementary information for target delineation and dose calculation. However, current approaches are constrained by their modality-specific nature, requiring separate model training for each pair of imaging modalities. This limitation hinders the efficient deployment of comprehensive multimodal solutions in clinical practice.

Early Cardiovascular Events in Recipients of Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation.

Background: Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is associated with organ toxicities, including cardiovascular (CV) complications. Data on contemporary acute postallogeneic HSCT cardiac complications and their impact on survival are scant.

Objectives: The aim of the study was to determine the incidence of early CV events following allogeneic HSCT and their effect on survival within the first 100 days.

[Finite element analysis of adding one transverse screw for Pauwels type femoral neck fractures].

Objective: To investigate whether adding 1 transverse screw (TS) to the triangular parallel cannulated screw (TPCS) fixation has a mechanical stability advantage for Pauwels type Ⅲ femoral neck fractures by conducting finite element analysis on four internal fixation methods.

Methods: Based on CT data of a healthy adult male volunteer's femur, three Pauwels type Ⅲ femoral neck fracture models (Pauwels angle 70°, Pauwels angle 80°, and Pauwels angle 70° combined with bone defect) were constructed using Mimics 21.0 software and SolidWorks 2017 software.

The multifaceted roles of extracellular vesicles in osteonecrosis of the femoral head.

Osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) is a severe disease characterized by bone tissue necrosis due to vascular impairment, often leading to joint collapse and requiring surgical intervention. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) serve as crucial mediators of intercellular communication, influencing osteogenesis, angiogenesis, and immune regulation. This review summarizes the dual role of EVs in both the pathogenesis of ONFH and post-necrosis bone repair, highlighting the impact of various EV-mediated signaling pathways on bone regeneration and the potential crosstalk among these pathways.

[Clinical study of double-channel core decompression combined with medullary cavity irrigation for non-traumatic osteonecrosis of femoral head].

Objective: To compare the effects of double-channel core decompression (CD) combined with medullary cavity irrigation with those of simple CD on progression of collapse and clinical outcomes in non-traumatic osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH).

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 19 patients (30 hips) with non-traumatic ONFH who underwent double-channel CD combined with medullary cavity irrigation and admitted between January 2024 and October 2024 (CD+irrigation group). According to a 1: 2 ratio, 54 patients (60 hips) who underwent simple CD and were matched in terms of age, gender, and body mass index (BMI) were included as the control (CD group).

Reference values for cross-linked C-telopeptide of type 1 collagen and pro-collagen type1 N-terminal propeptide in children and adolescents: Results from the Canadian Health Measures Survey.

Introduction: Procollagen type 1 N-propeptide (P1NP) and carboxy-terminal telopeptide of type 1 collagen (CTX) are bone turnover markers for diagnosing and monitoring metabolic bone diseases and growth disorders. This study aimed to establish representative reference ranges for CTX and P1NP, as measured with an IDS-iSYS system, in Canadian children and adolescents.

Methods: Serum levels of CTX and P1NP were measured in participants of the Canadian Health Measures Survey, a nationally representative study.

Association between walking speed and multimorbidity patterns in community-dwelling older adults with diabetes and/or hypertension: a latent class analysis.

Purpose: Diabetes (DM) plus hypertension (HTN) is a prevalent multimorbidity pattern. However, it is unclear which other diseases frequently coexist with DM and HTN and their impact on walking speed. Therefore, we identified multimorbidity patterns in community-dwelling older adults with: i) DM, ii) HTN and iii) DM + HTN and we examined the association between multimorbidity patterns and walking speed.

Robot-assisted total knee arthroplasty is more precise than conventional total knee arthroplasty in restoring knee, but not ankle alignment: a retrospective study based on imaging data.

Background: Knee osteoarthritis often leads to varus deformity, disrupting lower limb alignment and potentially causing ankle osteoarthritis. While total knee arthroplasty (TKA) can correct knee alignment and improve ankle alignment, the impact of different alignment strategies on the ankle remains unclear. This study investigates whether robot-assisted functional alignment (RA-FA) offers advantages over conventional mechanical alignment (CM-MA) in correcting ankle alignment, addressing the paucity of evidence on the impact of alignment strategies on distal joint biomechanics.

The Effects of Whole-Body Exercise on Swallowing Function in Older Adults With Parkinson's Disease: A Proof-of-Principle Study.

Purpose: Rodent models suggest that when respiratory demands increase during an exercise program, tongue and thyroarytenoid muscles engage to maintain a patent airway, leading to increased muscle strength. This suggests that nonspecific exercises that increase respiratory rate may improve swallowing. As such, the purpose of this proof-of-principle study was to determine the potential for whole-body exercise to improve tongue strength, cough strength, and self-reported swallowing function in older adults with Parkinson's disease (PD).

Monocyte-driven inflamm-aging reduces intestinal barrier function in females.

Background: The intestinal barrier encompasses physical and immunological components that act to compartmentalize luminal contents, such as bacteria and endotoxins, from the host. It has been proposed that an age-related decline of intestinal barrier function may allow for the passage of luminal contents into the bloodstream, triggering a low-grade systemic inflammation termed inflamm-aging. Although there is mounting evidence to support this hypothesis in model species, it is unclear if this phenomenon occurs in humans.

Airway Clearance Techniques in Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia: A Systematic Review.

Objective: Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a respiratory disorder that impairs mucociliary clearance, leading to decreased lung function. Conventional chest physiotherapy (CCP) is the traditional airway clearance technique (ACT) and is considered a standard treatment for PCD patients. This systematic review investigated whether device supported ACTs are better alternatives for improving lung function and/or quality of life in PCD, compared with CCP.

Pulmonary rehabilitation with balance training for fall reduction in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a randomized controlled trial.

Background And Objectives: Available evidence suggests that adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) performed substantially worse than healthy controls on many balance measures and balance training can improve the balance measures in this population. We conducted this study to determine the effects of incorporating balance training into pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) on the incidence of falls at 12 months follow-up in high fall risk adults with COPD.

Methods: We conducted a prospective international multi-center randomized controlled trial.

Correction: Ma et al. Extracellular Vesicles from BMSCs Prevent Glucocorticoid-Induced BMECs Injury by Regulating Autophagy via the PI3K/Akt/mTOR Pathway. 2022, , 2104.

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Status of professional mental health help-seeking intention associated factors among medical students: a cross-sectional study in China.

Aim: Low professional help-seeking intention (PHSI) hinders effective treatment of mental illness. PHSI among Chinese students is still understudied and under-recognized. This study aimed to evaluate the status of PHSI and its associated risk factors among Chinese medical students.

Investigating the effects of dopamine on short- and long-latency afferent inhibition.

Short- and long-latency afferent inhibition (SAI and LAI respectively) are phenomenon whereby the motor evoked potential induced by transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is inhibited by a sensory afferent volley consequent to nerve stimulation. It remains unclear whether dopamine participates in the genesis or modulation of SAI and LAI. The present study aimed to determine if SAI and LAI are modulated by levodopa (l-DOPA).