Measuring resting heart rate during daily life using wearable technology: Examining the impact of behavioral context and methodological criteria.

Objective: Advances in the collection of high-quality, continuous electrocardiography (ECG) data via wearable technology have the potential to transform heart rate (HR) measurement in daily life. This study aimed to characterize the impact of methodological criteria and behavioral context on estimates of resting heart rate (RHR) to guide recommendations for a standardized approach to measure daily life RHR.

Methods: Ten adults (9 female, 61 ± 12 years) wore a chest-mounted ECG device and wrist and ankle movement sensors continuously for 7-10 days.

Goals in motion: exploring goal setting among adults living with HIV who participated in an online community-based exercise intervention.

Introduction: Adults living with HIV may experience various health-related challenges in life. Exercise has been shown to provide numerous benefits. However, the specific goals that individuals aim to achieve through exercise are not well-documented.

Endogenous pain modulation (EPM) changes after a course of exercise therapy in low back pain (LBP): A pilot feasibility study.

Objectives: A significant driver of low back pain (LBP) is adaptations to endogenous pain modulation (EPM). Exercise modulates pain through various mechanisms, however, there is a lack of information on its relation to EPM. The objective of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of a protocol investigating if changes in EPM occurs after exercise therapy.

High-intensity interval training is not just for athletes - it's for stroke survivors too.

Purpose: High-intensity interval training (HIIT) is an effective exercise intervention for promoting health and recovery outcomes after stroke, but the perspectives and experiences of people post-stroke who have participated in HIIT programs are currently unknown. This study explored the perspectives of individuals post-stroke who participated in a 12-week HIIT intervention.

Methods: An interpretive description methodology was followed.

Modulating Brain Excitability with Cardiovascular Exercise in Chronic Stroke: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Corticospinal excitability (CSE) is a surrogate measure of neuroplasticity within the corticospinal tract measured with transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). A single bout of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) cardiovascular exercise (CE) have been both demonstrated to transiently augment CSE in people with stroke. However, the effect of multiple sessions of CE and exercise intensity is unknown.

Investigating the Acute and Chronic Effects of Cardiovascular Exercise on Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor in Early Subacute Stroke.

BackgroundFollowing stroke, a growth-promoting response resulting in heightened neuroplasticity occurs during the early subacute stages of recovery, a period during which the brain may be more responsive to therapeutical interventions. Given its central role in regulating neuroplastic processes and brain repair in animal models, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has been targeted as a potential biomarker for stroke recovery in humans, with interventions upregulating BDNF holding therapeutical potential. Cardiovascular exercise (CE) has been recommended for stroke rehabilitation, partly due to its potential to induce neural adaptations, including upregulation of BDNF.

Effect of an Online Mobility Self-Management Program on Walking Speed in Older Adults With Preclinical Mobility Limitation: Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Walking difficulties are a common and costly problem. However, disability associated with the decline in walking ability is not an inevitable consequence. With an aging population, it is increasingly important to establish strategies to help older adults preserve the capacity to live independently and function well in late life.

Measurement Properties of a Virtually Administered 30-Second Chair Stand Test in People With Stroke.

Background And Purpose: Muscle strength is important for functional independence after a stroke. Given the rise in telerehabilitation, there is a need to study the measurement properties of virtually administered performance-based measures. The purpose of this study was to assess the validity and responsiveness of a virtually administered 30-second chair stand test (30sCST-Virtual) in people with stroke.

Investigating the usability of mobile technology for driving rehabilitation post-stroke: a mixed-methods analysis.

Background: Stroke can have significant effects on an individual's ability to drive and remains a leading cause of driving restrictions for medical reasons. Mobile applications show promise in addressing driving-related deficits. However, there is limited research on their use for driving rehabilitation.

Acceptability of home-based high-intensity functional strength training (HIFST) for older adults with preclinical mobility limitations after a slip, trip or fall: a qualitative description.

Purpose: To determine the acceptability of 12-weeks of a home-based high-intensity functional strength training (HIFST) intervention to older adult participants (≥ 55 years) with preclinical mobility limitations following a slip, trip, or fall.

Materials And Methods: A qualitative description study was conducted following a pilot randomized controlled trial of HIFST. HIFST was delivered virtually by a physiotherapist and utilized an interval format (alternating periods of "hard" effort of strengthening exercises with "easy" recovery).

Older Adults' Perspectives on Participating in a Synchronous Online Exercise Program: Qualitative Study.

Background: Older adults face several barriers to exercise participation, including transportation, lack of access, and poor weather conditions. Such barriers may influence whether older adults meet the Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines. Recently, older adults have adopted technology for health care and are increasingly using digital health technologies to improve their access to care.

Home-based high-intensity functional strength training (HIFST) for community-dwelling older adults with preclinical mobility limitations after a slip, trip, or fall: a pilot randomized controlled trial.

Purpose: To determine the feasibility and preliminary effects of a home-based 12-week high-intensity functional strength training (HIFST) intervention for community-dwelling older adults (≥55 years) experiencing preclinical mobility limitations after a slip, trip, or fall.

Materials And Methods: Participants were randomized (1:1) to HIFST (interval-based strengthening using everyday movements) or a lower extremity stretching group. Both interventions were delivered virtually by a physiotherapist.

Physiotherapists' use of aerobic exercise during stroke rehabilitation: a qualitative study using chart-stimulated recall.

Purpose: We aimed to explore the factors that affected physiotherapists' use of aerobic exercise during stroke rehabilitation for people with stroke.

Material And Methods: We conducted a qualitative descriptive study using thematic analysis informed by a pragmatic worldview. Physiotherapists attended one on one semi-structured interviews to answer some general questions about aerobic exercise and then discussed the charts of their four most recently discharged clients with stroke.

Association between walking speed and multimorbidity patterns in community-dwelling older adults with diabetes and/or hypertension: a latent class analysis.

Purpose: Diabetes (DM) plus hypertension (HTN) is a prevalent multimorbidity pattern. However, it is unclear which other diseases frequently coexist with DM and HTN and their impact on walking speed. Therefore, we identified multimorbidity patterns in community-dwelling older adults with: i) DM, ii) HTN and iii) DM + HTN and we examined the association between multimorbidity patterns and walking speed.

Psychosocial Responses to a Cardiovascular Exercise Randomized Controlled Trial: Does Intensity Matter for Individuals Post-stroke?

Objective: This study compared the effect of cardiovascular high-intensity interval training (HIIT) vs moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) on psychosocial responses to exercise, motivation, and enjoyment, in individuals with chronic stroke.

Design: A secondary analysis of motivation and enjoyment outcomes collected from a randomized controlled trial (NCT03614585) comparing 12 weeks of HIIT vs MICT in participants with chronic stroke (6-60mo post-stroke) was conducted.

Setting: General community.

Systematic Review of Worldwide Female Enrollment in Randomized Controlled Trials of Poststroke Lower Extremity Rehabilitation.

This review systematically examined the reporting of sex and female participation in poststroke lower extremity motor rehabilitation randomized controlled trials over time and identified differences in female participation across randomized controlled trials conducted in low- and middle-income countries, high-income countries, and high-income country regions. Systematic searches were conducted of MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, and PsycINFO from 1970 to May 2022. Randomized controlled trials in English were included if they examined poststroke LE motor rehabilitation interventions in adults diagnosed with stroke.

The Effects of Whole-Body Exercise on Swallowing Function in Older Adults With Parkinson's Disease: A Proof-of-Principle Study.

Purpose: Rodent models suggest that when respiratory demands increase during an exercise program, tongue and thyroarytenoid muscles engage to maintain a patent airway, leading to increased muscle strength. This suggests that nonspecific exercises that increase respiratory rate may improve swallowing. As such, the purpose of this proof-of-principle study was to determine the potential for whole-body exercise to improve tongue strength, cough strength, and self-reported swallowing function in older adults with Parkinson's disease (PD).

Do People With Stroke Meet Aerobic and Muscle-Strengthening Activity Guidelines? Data From the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging.

Background And Purpose: It is unclear to what extent Canadians with stroke engage in moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and muscle-strengthening activities (MSA). The purpose of this study was to describe overall physical activity, aerobic MVPA, and MSA participation in Canadians with stroke; determine the functioning, disability, and health classes that best characterize this population; and examine the relationship between-class membership and physical activity participation.

Methods: Activity levels were quantified using the Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly in 2094 adults with stroke or transient ischemic attack (mean age 67.

Which Sex- and Gender-Based Explanatory Variables Are Associated With Memory Function Poststroke? A Cross-Sectional Analysis of the National Health and Aging Trends Study.

Objective: To identify sex- and gender-based variables associated with immediate and delayed recall in individuals with stroke.

Design: This was a secondary analysis of data from the National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS) using general linear models with a standard stepwise approach.

Setting: Community.

A live online exercise program for older adults improves depression and life-space mobility: A mixed-methods pilot randomized controlled trial.

Background: Aging is the primary risk factor for sarcopenia and mobility limitations. Exercise reduces these risks, but older adults have low levels of participation in physical activity and exercise. We investigated the preliminary effectiveness of a live, online exercise program on community-dwelling older adults' physical activity levels.

The effects of aerobic exercise on cardiometabolic health in postmenopausal females: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: After menopause, reductions in ovarian hormones increase the risk of cardiovascular disease. Aerobic exercise training has been shown to reduce cardiovascular risk in older adults, but its effectiveness in postmenopausal females is less definitive.

Objectives: The objectives of this study were to examine the: (1) effects of aerobic training, and (2) association between aerobic training intensity and cardiometabolic health outcomes in postmenopausal females.