The Impact of Dosimetry Extrapolation Methods for Theranostic Applications of Fibrosing Mediastinitis.

Fibrosing mediastinitis (FM) is a benign but potentially fatal condition characterized by excessive fibrous tissue proliferation in the mediastinum, leading to compression of vital structures. A radioisotope-based therapeutic approach using Lu-FAPI-46 has demonstrated promising results in preclinical models; however, the lack of animal-to-human dosimetry data has hindered clinical translation. In this study, we aimed to evaluate various animal-to-human dosimetry extrapolation methods to support the potential clinical use of Lu-FAPI-46 in FM treatment.

Pointing jitter correction in hollow-core fiber nonlinear systems based on LSTM.

Hollow-core fiber has been widely used for laser spectrum broadening and pulse duration compression, and its performance is highly sensitive to pointing instability caused by environmental interference and system nonlinearity. Here, we propose a feedback control system based on a three-layer long short-term memory network for real-time pointing jitter correction, which reduces the beam pointing jitter from 4.04 and 4.

Label-free sensing technology of two Staphylococcus species based on a terahertz metasurface.

Staphylococcus epidermidis (SE) and Staphylococcus aureus (SAU), comprising 50% of pathogenic bacteria in clinical blood isolates, demand precise detection for infection control. We present a label-free terahertz (THz) metasurface biosensor enabling simultaneous quantification and speciation of these Gram-positive pathogens. A tailored metasurface enhances THz wave-bacteria interaction through sharp resonance, creating quantitative correlations between resonance shifts and bacterial fluid dosage.

Coherent manipulation of second-harmonic generation via terahertz-field mediated phonon-polariton in zinc oxide.

The coherent control of phonon polaritons (PhPs) in holds transformative potential for nonlinear photonics. We demonstrate terahertz-driven excitation of low-frequency PhPs in zinc oxide (ZnO) crystals, with their nonlinear dynamics resolved via time-resolved second harmonic generation (SHG) spectroscopy. By achieving phase matching via nine sequential reflections within a millimeter-scale crystal, we observe sustained SHG oscillations with 3-4 THz modulation frequencies, achieving optimal extinction ratios of ~18 dB that persist for 90 picoseconds-a temporal span directly governed by polariton propagation dynamics.

Efficient terahertz radiation generation from air plasma with mid- and near-infrared three-color femtosecond pulses.

We report on the generation of the terahertz (THz) radiation from air plasma driven by a three-color femtosecond field with the fundamental pulse in the near- (1700 nm and 800 nm) and mid-infrared (3900 nm) ranges. With an inline optical setup for three-color pulse generation and relative phase control, we observed that the THz pulse energy can be enhanced up to 6 times compared with the conventional two-color excitation scheme, dependent on the incident fundamental pulse energy. The polarization of the enhanced THz pulse was found to be elliptical, with the second and third harmonics components of the three-color pump also being elliptically polarized.

Observation of sub-relativistic collisionless shock generation and breakout dynamics.

Relativistic collisionless shocks, which are ubiquitous in the cosmos, play a significant role in various astrophysical phenomena such as gamma-ray bursts, PeVatrons, and supernova shock breakouts. Here we present a demonstration using a compact femtosecond laser system to generate sub-relativistic collisionless shocks (0.03c) under astrophysically relevant conditions.

Augmented reality guided versus computed tomography guided percutaneous lung nodule localization: a noninferiority randomized clinical trial.

Hypothesis: This study hypothesized that augmented reality (AR) technology has comparable accuracy and safety to conventional CT localization in guiding percutaneous transthoracic lung puncture (PTLP) to localize small pulmonary nodules.

Methods: This study was a prospective, non-inferiority randomized clinical trial. Patients were randomly assigned between 23 May 2023, and 26 September 2023.

Observation of terahertz nonlinear absorption activity in AlO.

We investigate the terahertz (THz) nonlinear absorption characteristics in a thin AlO crystal using nonlinear THz spectroscopy. A THz saturable absorption performance with a high modulation depth (27.5%) and a relatively low saturable intensity (6.

Second harmonic generation and third harmonic enhancement in silicon by a composite metasurface and intense terahertz.

The compression and integration of nonlinear optical processes to the nanoscale are expected to have significant implications for quantum optics, biology, and medicine. In this work, a composite metasurface consisting of a hollow-bow-tie-shaped metal metasurface and a patterned amorphous silicon metasurface is proposed. An external terahertz (THz) electric field enhanced by the hollow-bow-tie structure is employed to break the centrosymmetry, which allows the generation of optical second harmonic.

Identification of the Prognostic Factors for Synchronous Multiple Primary Lung Cancer Treated With Staged Bilateral Surgery.

Introduction: Staged bilateral surgery is widely used to treat synchronous multiple primary lung cancer (SMPLC); however, the prognostic factors for survival outcomes remain unclear. This study aimed to identify prognostic factors and construct a predictive model for overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) in patients with SMPLC who underwent staged bilateral surgery.

Methods: The study included 256 patients diagnosed with SMPLC and treated with staged bilateral surgery at our hospital between January 2010 and July 2017.

The multifaceted functions of DNA-PKcs: implications for the therapy of human diseases.

The DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK), catalytic subunit, also known as DNA-PKcs, is complexed with the heterodimer Ku70/Ku80 to form DNA-PK holoenzyme, which is well recognized as initiator in the nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ) repair after double strand break (DSB). During NHEJ, DNA-PKcs is essential for both DNA end processing and end joining. Besides its classical function in DSB repair, DNA-PKcs also shows multifaceted functions in various biological activities such as class switch recombination (CSR) and variable (V) diversity (D) joining (J) recombination in B/T lymphocytes development, innate immunity through cGAS-STING pathway, transcription, alternative splicing, and so on, which are dependent on its function in NHEJ or not.

Terahertz-triggered ultrafast nonlinear optical activities in two-dimensional centrosymmetric PtSe.

The nonlinear mechanisms of polarization and optical fields can induce extensive responses in materials. In this study, we report on two kinds of nonlinear mechanisms in the topological semimetal PtSe crystal under the excitation of intense terahertz (THz) pulses, which are manipulated by the real and imaginary parts of the nonlinear susceptibility of PtSe. Regarding the real part, the broken inversion symmetry of PtSe is achieved through a THz-electric-field polarization approach, which is characterized by second harmonic generation (SHG) measurements.

Gigahertz electromagnetic pulse emission from femtosecond relativistic laser-irradiated solid targets.

The interactions between high-intensity laser and matter produce particle flux and electromagnetic radiation over a wide energy range. The generation of extremely intense transient fields in the radio frequency-microwave regime has been observed in femtosecond-to-nanosecond laser pulses with 10-10-W/cm intensity on both conductive and dielectric targets. These fields typically cause saturation and damage to electronic equipment inside and near an experimental chamber; nevertheless, they can also be effectively used as diagnostic tools.

Hollow metal tubes for efficient electron manipulation using terahertz surface waves.

Compact electron sources have been instrumental in multidiscipline sciences including fundamental physics, oncology treatments, and advanced industries. Of particular interest is the terahertz-driven electron manipulation that holds great promise for an efficient high gradient of multi-GeV/m inside a regular dielectric-lined waveguide (DLW). The recent study relying on terahertz surface waves has demonstrated both high terahertz energy and improved coupling efficiency with the DLW.

Perioperative outcomes of bi-pigtail catheter drainage strategy versus conventional chest tube after uniportal video-assisted thoracic lung surgery.

Objectives: Chest tube (CT) drainage is a main cause of postoperative pain in lung surgery. Here, we introduced a novel drainage strategy with bi-pigtail catheters (PCs) and conducted a randomized controlled trial to compare with conventional CT drainage after uniportal video-assisted thoracic surgery lung surgery.

Methods: A single-centre, prospective, open-labelled, randomized controlled trial (ChiCTR2000035337) was conducted with a preplanned sample size of 396.

Potential Value of FAPI PET/CT in the Detection and Treatment of Fibrosing Mediastinitis: Preclinical and Pilot Clinical Investigation.

Fibrosing mediastinitis (FM) is a rare proliferative disease within the mediastinum that leads to pulmonary hypertension, which has been regarded as a major cause of death. This study aims to evaluate the potential value of fibroblast activation protein inhibitor (FAPI)-PET/CT in the integration of diagnosis and treatment of FM through targeting FAPI in fibrosis rats and provide a theoretical basis for clinical management of FM patients. By performing a F-FAPI PET/CT scan, the presence of FAPI-avid in the fibrotic lesion was determined.

Generation and characterization of intense terahertz pulses from DSTMS crystal.

Matter manipulation in terahertz range calls for a strong-field broadband light source. Here, we present a scheme for intense terahertz generation from DSTMS crystal driven by a high power optical parametric chirped pulse amplifier. The generated terahertz energy is up to 175 µJ with a peak electric field of 17 MV/cm.

Comparative study of the quantitative accuracy of oncological PET imaging based on deep learning methods.

Background: [F] Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) is an important tool for tumor assessment. Shortening scanning time and reducing the amount of radioactive tracer remain the most difficult challenges. Deep learning methods have provided powerful solutions, thus making it important to choose an appropriate neural network architecture.

Design of Wideband High-Gain Patch Antenna Array for High-Temperature Applications.

A low-profile, wideband, and high-gain antenna array, based on a novel double-H-shaped slot microstrip patch radiating element and robust against high temperature variations, is proposed in this work. The antenna element was designed to operate in the frequency range between 12 GHz and 18.25 GHz, with a 41.

The incremental significance of heart rate recovery as a predictor during exercise-stress myocardial perfusion SPECT imaging in individuals with suspected coronary artery disease.

Background: Major adverse cardiac events (MACE) are more likely to occur when abnormal heart rate recovery (HRR). This study aimed to assess the incremental predictive significance of HRR over exercise stress myocardial perfusion single-photon emission computed tomography (MPS) results for MACE in individuals with suspected coronary artery disease (CAD).

Methods: Between January 2014 and December 2017, we continually gathered data on 595 patients with suspected CAD who received cycling exercise stress MPS.

Generation of 13.9-mJ Terahertz Radiation from Lithium Niobate Materials.

Extremely strong-field terahertz (THz) radiation in free space has compelling applications in nonequilibrium condensed matter state regulation, all-optical THz electron acceleration and manipulation, THz biological effects, etc. However, these practical applications are constrained by the absence of high-intensity, high-efficiency, high-beam-quality, and stable solid-state THz light sources. Here, the generation of single-cycle 13.

An alarm device for mechanical compression device displacement at femoral artery puncture sites.

Objective: To develop an alarm device for the mechanical compression device displacement (MCD), and further evaluate its effectiveness in clinical use.

Material And Methods: The alarm device is mainly composed of buzzer, indicator light, magnetic sheet. This is a prospective randomized and controlled study.

Subsegmentectomy versus segmentectomy resection for the treatment of operable patients with stage IA non-small cell lung cancer: A meta-analysis.

Background: There were new points of interest in performing subsegmentectomy and segmentectomy for patients with early stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, whether patients who underwent subsegmentectomy could obtain satisfactory clinical outcomes remains unclear. The present study aimed to compare the clinical outcomes and security of surgical procedures between subsegmentectomy and segmentectomy.