Effects of Dexmedetomidine on Postoperative Quality of Recovery and Electroencephalogram in Elderly Patients Undergoing Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Purpose: Anesthesia management strategies in elderly patients undergoing total knee arthroplasty (TKA) are critical to the postoperative quality of recovery (QoR), and changes in electroencephalogram (EEG) associated with anesthesia drugs may play an important role in this process. This study aimed to determine the effects of different doses of dexmedetomidine on postoperative QoR in elderly TKA patients, and whether there is a correlation with specific EEG changes.

Methods: In this randomized controlled trial, elderly patients (aged ≥ 60 years) undergoing elective TKA were randomly allocated in a 1:1:1 ratio to 0.

Do Cold Ischemia and Transfusion Affect Pediatric Transplant Outcomes?

Objective: This study aims to compare the differences in clinical characteristics, postoperative complications, and survival rates between pediatric living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) and Donation After Brain Death (DBD).

Methods: This retrospective study analyzed 52 pediatric liver transplants from May 21, 2017, to March 29, 2024. Chi-square and t-tests were used to compare clinical characteristics and postoperative complications.

Lycopene ameliorates Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate-induced neurotoxicity in mice via the gut-brain axis.

Background: Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), a ubiquitous plasticizer present in numerous consumer products, poses a substantial neurotoxic risk through environmental and dietary exposure. Growing evidence highlights a critical association between DEHP-induced neurotoxicity and gut microbiota dysbiosis. Renowned for its potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capabilities, the natural carotenoid lycopene (Lyc) demonstrates therapeutic promise in treating various neurological disorders.

Nrf2-activated mitophagy and ferroptosis suppression synergistically mediate tangeretin's protection against hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Background: Liver ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury frequently arises during liver surgery and significantly contributes to postoperative liver failure and graft dysfunction. Tangeretin (TAN), a polymethoxy flavone present in citrus peel, has demonstrated notable antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Despite this, its effects and mechanisms underlying liver I/R injury remain unclear.

Causal role of immune cells in primary liver cancer: a mendelian randomization study.

Background: Primary liver cancer is one of the most common fatal malignancies worldwide. Observational studies have shown that immune cells are closely linked to primary liver cancer, however, due to issues like reverse causality and confounding variables, the causal direction and extent of this association remain unclear. Thus, this study aimed to explore the potential causal association between immune cells and primary liver cancer, encompassing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC).

Toxoplasma calcium-dependent protein kinases 3 mediates M1 macrophage polarization by targeting host Arginase-1.

Background: Toxoplasma gondii, an obligate intracellular parasite, has developed sophisticated ways to manipulate host immunity, resulting in long-lasting infection and causing serious public health problems in humans and animals. T. gondii type II is the type most frequently associated with human diseases, but the mechanism remains unclear.

RNF2 Modulates Lipid Metabolism and Inflammation in Alcohol-associated Liver Disease by Interacting with USP7.

Alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD) is a widely prevalent chronic liver disease caused by alcohol overconsumption. However, the pathogenesis of ALD is complex and has not been fully elucidated. Ring finger protein 2 (RNF2) is associated with the occurrence and development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but its function in ALD has not been explored.

Effects of Dexmedetomidine Combined With Lidocaine Topical Administration on Cough Reflex During Extubation in Thyroidectomy Patients: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background: Cough reflex during extubation can lead to complications such as increased bleeding and hemodynamic instability, especially in thyroidectomy, therefore, effective suppression of cough reflex is clinically important. The aim of the study was to investigate the inhibitory effect of dexmedetomidine combined with lidocaine on the cough reflex during extubation in thyroidectomy.

Methods: A total of 180 female patients, aged 18 to 65 years, undergoing elective thyroidectomy under general anesthesia, were randomized into 3 groups: dexmedetomidine combined with lidocaine (Dex-Lido group, n = 60), lidocaine alone (Lido group, n = 60), or normal saline (Control group, n = 60).

Effects of anesthetic nasal masks on hypoxemia in overweight/obese patients undergoing gastroscopy: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Overweight and obese patients are at a higher risk of hypoxemia during sedated gastroscopy due to impaired respiratory function. The aim of this study was to investigate whether an anesthetic nasal mask could have a positive outcome in preventing hypoxemia in such patients compared with a conventional nasal catheter.

Methods: This prospective, randomized controlled trial enrolled 146 overweight/obese patients (BMI ≥ 25 kg/m) who underwent sedated gastroscopy from February 15, 2022, to December 31, 2022.

Biogenic amine-responsive ratiometric fluorescent microneedle sensor for real-time visualization of meat freshness.

A ratiometric fluorescent hydrogel microneedle (MN) patch was developed for rapid raw meat freshness detection. The sensor integrated fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) as a biogenic amine (BAs) indicator and rhodamine B (RhB) as an internal reference within a silk fibroin methacryloyl (SilMA) hydrogel matrix. Leveraging FITC's specific response to BAs, the patch exhibited visible color changes proportional to histamine concentrations.

Cationic porphyrin-based covalent organic frameworks for enhanced phototherapy and targeted chemotherapy of bacterial infections.

Bacterial infections significantly impede wound healing and threaten global public health. Porphyrin covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have shown promise as phototherapy antibacterial materials. However, the inherent π-π stacking interactions between the monomers also lead to aggregation and quenching of photosensitizers, thereby reducing the production of singlet oxygen (O) and compromising their antibacterial efficacy.

Factors associated with insufficient outdoor play and physical activity participation among Chinese children aged 6-10 years: evidence from a two-wave survey.

Purpose: This study investigated the risk factors associated with insufficient engagement of Chinese early school-aged children in outdoor activities, including play and physical activities.

Methods: Data were gathered from two waves of parent-proxy surveys. The analysis involved 1612 children (46.

Experimental Investigation on the Electrical Properties of DPPT-TT Polymer Field-Effect Transistors Featuring Stair Gate Dielectric.

P-type polymer field-effect transistors (PFETs) achieve wide applications due to their environmental compatibility and inherent flexibility. However, the dielectric in PFETs presents a vulnerability that restricts the development of the advancement of p-type power devices and power integrated circuits with high voltage in power devices. In this work, we provide a novel method that employs p-type polymer DPPT-TT high-voltage PFETs with a stair gate dielectric structure (SGD) at both the source and drain sides.

Activated AXL Ameliorates Alcohol-associated Steatotic Liver Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Inhibiting ER stress and Mitochondria-associated Apoptosis.

Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury can cause poor prognosis of liver transplantation and hepatectomy, especially in patients with alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD). Apoptosis is closely related to different stages of liver injury, and the death of hepatocytes caused by endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria homeostasis perturbation may be key to liver injury. The receptor tyrosine kinases AXL encoded by the gene axl, is a member of the TAM (TYRO3, AXL, and MERTK) family, which participates in various biological processes by binding to the ligand of growth arrest-specific protein 6 (Gas6).

The Synergy Effect of Al/Ti Electrodes on Effective Electron Injection for n-Channel Transistors and Ambipolar Complementary Circuits.

This paper reports the utilization of cost-effective bottom-contact electrodes composed of aluminum (Al) and titanium (Ti) to facilitate efficient electron injection in n-channel organic transistors. The optimized Al/Ti electrode has a low work function of around 4.03 eV, combining the high conductivity of Al with the stable interface of Ti, making it highly suitable for the electrodes of n-channel transistors.

The role of the microbiota-gut-brain axis in methamphetamine-induced neurotoxicity: Disruption of microbial composition and short-chain fatty acid metabolism.

Methamphetamine (METH) abuse is associated with significant neurotoxicity, high addiction potential, and behavioral abnormalities. Recent studies have identified a connection between the gut microbiota and METH-induced neurotoxicity and behavioral disorders. However, the underlying causal mechanisms linking the gut microbiota to METH pathophysiology remain largely unexplored.

Pretreatment with Esketamine Reduces Etomidate-Induced Myoclonus During the Induction of Anesthesia: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Myoclonus is a common problem during induction of anesthesia with etomidate. A variety of agents, including opioids and lidocaine, reduced the incidence of myoclonus. However, there is no reported literature evaluating the effect of esketamine pretreatment on etomidate-induced myoclonus.

Dual-Indicator loaded porous polymer microneedle patches for rapid and colorimetric detection of water-injected meat.

Water-injected meat leads to microbial growth, which affects the health of consumers. A colorimetric porous polymer microneedle patch was designed and prepared using photopolymerization of an acrylate monomer with porogen to be the substrate, and cobalt (II) chloride as color change indicator and tartrazine as the reference. The color of the microneedle patch changed from green to yellow green and to yellow as the increase of moisture concentration.

Taxifolin attenuates hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury by enhancing PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy.

Background: Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury stands as a recurring clinical challenge in liver transplantation, leading to mitochondrial dysfunction and cellular imbalance. Mitochondria, crucial for hepatocyte metabolism, are significantly damaged during hepatic I/R and the extent of mitochondrial damage correlates with hepatocyte injury. PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitophagy, is a specialized form of cellular autophagy, that maintains mitochondrial quality by identifying and removing damaged mitochondria, thereby restoring cellular homeostasis.

The diagnostic accuracy of urine-derived exosomes for bladder cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Urine-derived exosomes could potentially be biomarkers for bladder cancer (BC) diagnosis. This study aimed to systematically evaluate the diagnostic worth of urine-derived exosomes in BC patients through a meta-analysis of diverse studies.

Methods: A systematic search was carried out in PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane, and CNKI databases to obtain the literature concerning the diagnosis of BC via urine-derived exosomes.

CARD9 promotes cholangiocarcinoma by regulating the IL-17A/Hedgehog and the THEM4/AKT/mTOR signaling pathways.

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a highly lethal malignant tumor originating from the bile duct, and its underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. In order to identify key genes in CCA, we downloaded gene expression data from public GSE76297, GSE26566 and TCGA-CHOL datasets. CARD9 was selected as a CCA-related gene from the datasets.

2-Ethylhexyl diphenyl phosphate aggravates colitis-induced neuroinflammation and behavioral abnormalities by inhibiting the PI3K-AKT-NF-κB and Wnt/GSK3β signaling pathways.

2-Ethylhexyl diphenyl phosphate (EHDPHP), a widely used organophosphorus flame retardant (OPFR), is ubiquitous in daily life because of its extensive application in plastic production. EHDPHPs, which are only superficially applied and not chemically bonded to products, are released into the environment, posing potential health risks. With increasing environmental concentrations, EHDPHP is a growing threat, particularly to individuals with preexisting health conditions who are more susceptible to environmental pollutants.