Impact of prehospital delay on postoperative complications and 5-year mortality in older adults with hip fractures.

Purpose: Guidelines recommended early surgery for hip fracture to improve outcomes, yet it is often hindered by prehospital delays. However, it remains unclear whether prehospital delay independently leads to poor outcomes of the well-recognized impact of in-hospital delay for hip fracture surgery.

Methods: We included patients aged over 60 years old who underwent surgery for their first acute hip fracture between 2000 and 2022 at a national trauma center in Beijing, China.

The Femoral Neck-Shaft Offset: A Key Element in the Reconstruction of Intertrochanteric Fracture.

Background: Anteromedial cortex reduction and accurate placement of the cephalomedullary nail is the key point to confront implant failure of intertrochanteric fractures. Existing intramedullary nails cannot compensate for femoral neck-shaft offset (FNSO), potentially undermining surgical outcome. This study aimed to investigate the effect of FNSO on anteromedial cortex reduction and accurate placement of the cephalomedullary nail for intertrochanteric fractures.

Risk factors for implant failure of PFNA-II in the treatment of intertrochanteric fractures (AO/OTA 31 A1 and A2).

Background: Intertrochanteric fractures are common in the elderly, with PFNA being the primary treatment. The shorter PFNA-II is frequently used in Asian populations, but its failure risk factors remain unclear. This study aims to explore these factors to guide clinical treatment.

Mechanical effects in aging of the musculoskeletal system: Molecular signaling and spatial scale alterations.

Unlabelled: The musculoskeletal system, the primary load-bearing structure of the human body, plays a crucial role in mechanotransduction, a process comprising mechanosensation, mechanotransduction, and mechanical effect. Aging leads to loss of ability of mechanosensitive cells to sense mechanical stimuli, disruption of transduction pathways, SASP and adiposity accumulation. At the mesoscopic level, bone, cartilage, and muscle differentiation decline, while adipogenesis increases, leading to extracellular matrix and structural aging, ultimately manifesting as macroscopic musculoskeletal degeneration.

Highly-Sensitive Implantable NIR Phototransistor for One-Click Pain Relief Activation.

The increasing prevalence of chronic neuralgic pain in expanding populations has created urgent demands for robust pain relief technology. Their sporadic and unpredictable nature, however, presents significant challenge for on-demand inhibition of nerve transduction. Here, implantable near-infrared pain relief controllers are reported that leverage stretchable organic phototransistors with IDTBT/Y6 bulk-heterojunction, offering high responsiveness and reduce charge trapping to trigger detectivity of up to 9.

Dual-Biomimetic Bone Adhesive with Osteoimmunomodulatory Capabilities for Anatomical Reconstruction of Comminuted Fractures.

The development of bone adhesives capable of restoring natural bone structure and function represents a pioneering advancement in surgical technology, offering significant potential to improve the treatment outcomes of comminuted fractures. However, the development of a clinically demand-driven adhesive, ensuring both reliable adhesion and osteogenic activity, poses a significant challenge. Herein, a structurally and functionally dual-biomimetic bone adhesive is developed through the design of an organic-inorganic network-enhanced hydrogel, which integrates caffeic acid-grafted collagen (CAC), aminated laponite (ALAP), and N-hydroxysuccinimide ester-terminated polyethylene glycol (tetra-PEG-SC).

A Biomimetic Janus Fibrous Membrane for Scarless Achilles Tendon Regeneration via Synergistic Modulation of an Oxidative-Inflammatory Cascade.

Achilles tendon injuries present significant clinical challenges due to limited regenerative capacity and frequent adhesion formation. Here, we report a melatonin-loaded Janus fibrous membrane (MLT@JFM) that mimics the native paratenon's structure and function to promote scarless tendon healing. The biomimetic membrane consists of an inner methacrylated silk fibroin (SFMA) layer that promotes tendon stem cell functions and an outer melatonin-loaded polycaprolactone methacryloyl (PCLMA) layer that prevents adhesion formation.

System characteristics of integrated continuous flow simultaneous partial Nitrification, Anammox and Denitrification (SNAD) for NH-rich wastewater: performance, sludge evolution, metagenomic sequencing analysis.

The integrated process of simultaneous partial nitrification, anammox, and denitrification (SNAD) is designed to achieve efficient nitrogen removal and carbon reduction. This study details the design and successful implementation of an innovative, single-piece continuous flow SNAD system for treating high concentration NH wastewater. The system leverages simultaneous anammox and denitrification (SAD) granular sludge and employs a strategy of dosing partial nitrification sludge, alongside meticulous control of pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), free ammonia (FA), and free nitrous acid (FNA) was applied to initiate the SNAD process.

Testosterone Delays Bone Microstructural Destruction via Osteoblast-Androgen Receptor-Mediated Upregulation of Tenascin-C.

Bone loss and microstructural destruction in elderly men are associated with fractures and high mortality. While testosterone (Tes) is considered to be possibly protective, its regulatory mechanism in bone remodeling remains unclear. Here, bone microarchitectural analysis indicates that elderly men exhibit reduced cortical and trabecular thickness with elevated cortical porosity, particularly at the superior femoral head near the medial acetabulum.

Sarcopenia-related traits and risk of falls in older adults: results from meta-analysis of cohort studies and Mendelian randomization analyses.

Background: Observational studies examining sarcopenia-related traits and fall risk remain controversial. Herein, we conducted meta-analyses of cohort studies triangulated with Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses to examine the potential causality between sarcopenia-related traits and risk of falls in older adults.

Methods: Literature search across PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library was performed from inception to February 2023 to identify cohort studies examining sarcopenia-related traits (including hand strength, appendicular lean mass, and walking speed) and falls.

Associations of protein intake with the risk of fractures: A prospective cohort study of UK biobank participants.

Purpose: To evaluate the associations between protein intake and fractures risk in a large population-based cohort.

Methods: We conducted a prospective population-based study of UK Biobank. Participants aged 40-69 who completed the Oxford WebQ dietary questionnaire at least once were included.

Long noncoding RNA MATN1-AS1 contributes to oxaliplatin resistance of gastric cancer cells through miR-518b/ZNF281 axis.

Chemoresistance leads to poor outcomes of patients with gastric cancer (GC). Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been demonstrated as novel gene modulators in various carcinomas and chemoresistance. Our study aimed to investigate the role and underlying modulatory mechanism of lncRNA MATN1-AS1 in GC chemoresistance.

A framework of biomarkers for skeletal muscle aging: a consensus statement by the Aging Biomarker Consortium.

The skeletal muscle is an important organ for movement and metabolism in human body, and its physiological aging underlies the occurrence of muscle atrophy and sarcopenia. China has the largest aging population in the world and is facing a grand challenge with how to prevent and treat skeletal muscle aging-related diseases. To address this difficult problem, the Aging Biomarker Consortium (ABC) of China has reached an expert consensus on biomarkers of skeletal muscle aging by synthesizing literatures and insights from scientists and clinicians.

HFFTrack: Transformer tracking via hybrid frequency features.

Numerous Transformer-based trackers have emerged due to the powerful global modeling capabilities of the Transformer. Nevertheless, the Transformer is a low-pass filter with insufficient capacity to extract high-frequency features of the target and these features are essential for target location in tracking tasks. To address this issue, this paper proposes a tracking algorithm that utilizes hybrid frequency features, which explores how to improve the performance of the tracker by fusing target multi-frequency features.

Modulation of tumor inflammatory signaling and drug sensitivity by CMTM4.

Although inflammation has been widely associated with cancer development, how it affects the outcomes of immunotherapy and chemotherapy remains incompletely understood. Here, we show that CKLF-like MARVEL transmembrane domain-containing member 4 (CMTM4) is highly expressed in multiple human and murine cancer types including Lewis lung carcinoma, triple-negative mammary cancer and melanoma. In lung carcinoma, loss of CMTM4 significantly reduces tumor growth and impairs NF-κB, mTOR, and PI3K/Akt pathway activation.

How I do it: Tentorial meningioma resection with combination of 3D exoscope and endoscope via subtemporal approach.

Background: Deep-seated brain tumors pose a distinctive neurosurgical challenge, as frequently surrounded by eloquent structures. 3D exoscope represents a potential new paradigm for mini-invasive neurosurgery, which shows advantage during the neurosurgical procedure for this kind of challenging cases.

Methods: Utilizing a combination of 3D exoscopes and endoscopes, we successfully removed a left tentorial meningioma in a patient via a subtemporal keyhole approach.

Transketolase attenuates the chemotherapy sensitivity of glioma cells by modulating R-loop formation.

Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly lethal malignant brain tumor with poor survival rates, and chemoresistance poses a significant challenge to the treatment of patients with GBM. Here, we show that transketolase (TKT), a metabolic enzyme in the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP), attenuates the chemotherapy sensitivity of glioma cells in a manner independent of catalytic activity. Mechanistically, chemotherapeutic drugs can facilitate the translocation of TKT protein from the cytosol into the nucleus, where TKT physically interacts with XRN2 to regulate the resolution and removal of R-loops.

Histone deacetylase inhibition enhances extracellular vesicles from muscle to promote osteogenesis via miR-873-3p.

Regular physical activity is widely recognized for reducing the risk of various disorders, with skeletal muscles playing a key role by releasing biomolecules that benefit multiple organs and tissues. However, many individuals, particularly the elderly and those with clinical conditions, are unable to engage in physical exercise, necessitating alternative strategies to stimulate muscle cells to secrete beneficial biomolecules. Histone acetylation and deacetylation significantly influence exercise-induced gene expression, suggesting that targeting histone deacetylases (HDACs) could mimic some exercise responses.

Finite element analysis of three internal fixations for the posteromedial split fracture fragment in tibial plateau fractures.

Posteromedial tibial plateau fracture is one of the most challenging traumatic fractures. We aimed to compare and explain the biomechanical advantages and disadvantages of different internal fixation methods for the treatment of the posteromedial split fracture fragment in tibial plateau fractures. Finite element models of the tibial plateau fracture were constructed.

Development and Validation of Physical Disability Index and Mental Disability Index and Their Associations With Falls Among Older Adults.

Background: To enhance the precision of measuring, analyzing, and forecasting care needs for older adults with physical and/or mental disabilities, we developed the Physical Disability Index (PDI) and Mental Disability Index (MDI). Furthermore, we evaluated the reliability and validity of the PDI and MDI. Additionally, we investigate their associations with falls to further indicate the predictive validity.

Dependable Automated Approach for Measuring the Retrograde Superior Ramus Screw Corridor in Pelvic Fracture Fixation.

Background: Precise measurement of the intraosseous corridor within the superior pubic ramus is essential for the accurate percutaneous placement of a retrograde superior ramus screw (SRS). However, conventional manual measurement methods are often subjective, leading to variations in results among observers. Our goal was to develop an automated and dependable method for determining the retrograde SRS corridor.

Cartilage lacuna-biomimetic hydrogel microspheres endowed with integrated biological signal boost endogenous articular cartilage regeneration.

Despite numerous studies on chondrogenesis, the repair of cartilage-particularly the reconstruction of cartilage lacunae through an all-in-one advanced drug delivery system remains limited. In this study, we developed a cartilage lacuna-like hydrogel microsphere system endowed with integrated biological signals, enabling sequential immunomodulation and endogenous articular cartilage regeneration. We first integrated the chondrogenic growth factor transforming growth factor-β3 (TGF-β3) into mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs).