The recovery mechanism of granular sludge fragmentation and re-granulation caused by long-term high-concentration organic matter erosion in the SAD process: performance, sludge evolution, and metagenomic sequencing.

The Simultaneous Anammox and Denitrification (SAD) process effectively removes organic carbon sources, the impact of high-concentration carbon sources on the SAD process remains unclear. This study investigated the performance, sludge characteristics, microbial community correlations, and metagenomic sequencing of the SAD system under conditions of excessive organic matter exposure. The results showed that the organic matter metabolism ability of SAD granular sludge increased from 90.

System characteristics of integrated continuous flow simultaneous partial Nitrification, Anammox and Denitrification (SNAD) for NH-rich wastewater: performance, sludge evolution, metagenomic sequencing analysis.

The integrated process of simultaneous partial nitrification, anammox, and denitrification (SNAD) is designed to achieve efficient nitrogen removal and carbon reduction. This study details the design and successful implementation of an innovative, single-piece continuous flow SNAD system for treating high concentration NH wastewater. The system leverages simultaneous anammox and denitrification (SAD) granular sludge and employs a strategy of dosing partial nitrification sludge, alongside meticulous control of pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), free ammonia (FA), and free nitrous acid (FNA) was applied to initiate the SNAD process.

Electrocatalytic and Hg Fluorescence Identifiable Bifunctional Sensors for a Series of Keggin Compounds.

By using a 2,2'-dimethyl-4,4'-bithiazole (dm4bt) ligand, Keggin polyanions, and different metal ions, nine Keggin-based compounds, namely, {[Ag(dm4bt)][Ag(dm4bt)]}(PWO)(HPWWO) (1), [Cu(dm4bt)][Cu(dm4bt)(PWO)] (2), [Cu(dm4bt)](SiWO) (3), {[Zn(dm4bt)](SiWO)} (4), [Zn(dm4bt)(HO)](HPMoMoO)·2HO (5), [Zn(dm4bt)(MoO)] (6), [Cd(dm4bt)][Cd(dm4bt)(HO)(PMoO)]·2HO (7), [Cd(dm4bt)](PMoO)·(Hdm4bt) (8), and [Cd(dm4bt)(HO)](HPMoMoO)·2HO (9), have been hydrothermally synthesized and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis, IR spectroscopy, and elemental analyses. Compounds 1-9 are zero-dimensional structures except compound 6, which exhibits a one-dimensional structure. In compound 1, there are three isolated subunits: Keggin anions, binuclear [Ag(dm4bt)], and mononuclear [Ag(dm4bt)] clusters.