Bone Organoids: Bridging Natural Bone with Advanced Organoid Technologies.

Bone tissue engineering has long been a focal point of research, aiming to address critical large segmental bone defects resulting from severe trauma, tumors, and other bone-related diseases. Despite significant advancements in conventional bone tissue engineering, the simulation of the intricate microenvironment characteristic of natural bone tissue remains inadequate. Natural bone is characterized by intricate macroscopic and microscopic architectures, along with a dynamic microenvironment that facilitates processes such as bone formation, remodeling, and repair.

Dual-Biomimetic Bone Adhesive with Osteoimmunomodulatory Capabilities for Anatomical Reconstruction of Comminuted Fractures.

The development of bone adhesives capable of restoring natural bone structure and function represents a pioneering advancement in surgical technology, offering significant potential to improve the treatment outcomes of comminuted fractures. However, the development of a clinically demand-driven adhesive, ensuring both reliable adhesion and osteogenic activity, poses a significant challenge. Herein, a structurally and functionally dual-biomimetic bone adhesive is developed through the design of an organic-inorganic network-enhanced hydrogel, which integrates caffeic acid-grafted collagen (CAC), aminated laponite (ALAP), and N-hydroxysuccinimide ester-terminated polyethylene glycol (tetra-PEG-SC).

A Biomimetic Janus Fibrous Membrane for Scarless Achilles Tendon Regeneration via Synergistic Modulation of an Oxidative-Inflammatory Cascade.

Achilles tendon injuries present significant clinical challenges due to limited regenerative capacity and frequent adhesion formation. Here, we report a melatonin-loaded Janus fibrous membrane (MLT@JFM) that mimics the native paratenon's structure and function to promote scarless tendon healing. The biomimetic membrane consists of an inner methacrylated silk fibroin (SFMA) layer that promotes tendon stem cell functions and an outer melatonin-loaded polycaprolactone methacryloyl (PCLMA) layer that prevents adhesion formation.

Multifunctional Janus Hydrogels: Surface Design Strategies for Next-Generation Clinical Solutions.

Janus hydrogels, distinguished by their dual-sided structure with distinct physical and chemical properties, have garnered significant attention in the medical field, particularly for applications in drug delivery, tissue engineering, and wound healing. Their ability to simultaneously perform multiple functions, such as targeted drug release and biomimetic tissue interaction, positions them as a promising platform for advanced therapeutic strategies. The growing interest in these hydrogels is primarily driven by their multifunctionality and capacity to address complex biological needs.

The relationship between COVID-19 and stroke and its risk factors, a Mendelian randomization analysis.

Background: It remains unclear about the association between stroke and Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Therefore, a Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was conducted to explore the relationship between them.

Methods: In this study, the most recent large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWASs) were selected from the publicly available COVID-19 GWAS meta-analysis (Round 7) as the exposure.

Machine Learning and Experiments Revealed Key Genes Related to PANoptosis Linked to Drug Prediction and Immune Landscape in Spinal Cord Injury.

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a severe central nervous system injury without effective therapies. PANoptosis is involved in the development of many diseases, including brain and spinal cord injuries. However, the biological functions and molecular mechanisms of PANoptosis-related genes in spinal cord injury remain unclear.

Cutting-Edge Biomaterials in Intervertebral Disc Degeneration Tissue Engineering.

Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) stands as the foremost contributor to low back pain (LBP), imposing a substantial weight on the world economy. Traditional treatment modalities encompass both conservative approaches and surgical interventions; however, the former falls short in halting IVDD progression, while the latter carries inherent risks. Hence, the quest for an efficacious method to reverse IVDD onset is paramount.

Linear polyubiquitylation of Gli protein regulates its protein stability and facilitates tumor growth in colorectal cancer.

The linear ubiquitin chain assembly complex (LUBAC) mediates the linear ubiquitination of various proteins and is involved in NF-κB signaling and immune regulation. However, the function and mechanism of linear ubiquitination in regulating oncogenic signaling and tumor growth have remained poorly understood. Herein, we identified Gli proteins, key transcription factors in the Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway, as novel substrates of LUBAC.

Deacetylation of GLUD1 maintains the survival of lung adenocarcinoma cells under glucose starvation by inhibiting autophagic cell death.

Enhanced glutamine catabolism is one of the main metabolic features of cancer, providing energy and intermediate metabolites for cancer progression. However, the functions of glutamine catabolism in cancer under nutrient deprivation need to be further clarified. Here, we discovered that deacetylation of glutamate dehydrogenase 1 (GLUD1), one of the key enzymes in glutamine catabolism, maintains the survival of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) cells under glucose starvation by inhibiting autophagic cell death.

Hedgehog ligand and receptor cooperatively regulate EGFR stability and activity in non-small cell lung cancer.

Purpose: The hyperactivation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) plays a crucial role in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Hedgehog (Hh) signaling has been implicated in the tumorigenesis and progression of various cancers, however, its function in NSCLC cells remains controversial. Herein, we present a novel finding that challenges the current understanding of Hh signaling in tumor growth.

Three-Dimensional-Printed Spherical Hollow Structural Scaffolds for Guiding Critical-Sized Bone Regeneration.

The treatment of bone tissue defects continues to be a complex medical issue. Recently, three-dimensional (3D)-printed scaffold technology for bone tissue engineering (BTE) has emerged as an important therapeutic approach for bone defect repair. Despite the potential of BTE scaffolds to contribute to long-term bone reconstruction, there are certain challenges associated with it including the impediment of bone growth within the scaffolds and vascular infiltration.

Enhanced Hemostatic and Procoagulant Efficacy of PEG/ZnO Hydrogels: A Novel Approach in Traumatic Hemorrhage Management.

Managing severe bleeding, particularly in soft tissues and visceral injuries, remains a significant challenge in trauma and surgical care. Traditional hemostatic methods often fall short in wet and dynamic environments. This study addresses the critical issue of severe bleeding in soft tissues, proposing an innovative solution using a polyethylene glycol (PEG)-based hydrogel combined with zinc oxide (ZnO).

DLP-printed GelMA-PMAA scaffold for bone regeneration through endochondral ossification.

Intramembranous ossification (IMO) and endochondral ossification (ECO) are two pathways of bone regeneration. The regeneration of most bone, such as limb bone, trunk bone, and skull base bone, mainly occurs in the form of endochondral ossification, which has also become one of the effective ways for bone tissue engineering. In this work, we prepared a well-structured and biocompatible methacrylated gelatin/polymethacrylic acid (GelMA/PMAA) hydrogel by digital light processing (DLP) printing technology, which could effectively chelate iron ions and continuously activate the hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α) signaling pathway to promote the process of endochondral ossification and angiogenesis.

First-Aid Hydrogel Wound Dressing with Reliable Hemostatic and Antibacterial Capability for Traumatic Injuries.

First-aid for severe traumatic injuries in the battlefield or pre-hospital environment, especially for skin defects or visceral rupture, remains a substantial medical challenge even in the context of the rapidly evolving modern medical technology. Hydrogel-based biomaterials are highly anticipated for excellent biocompatibility and bio-functional designability. Yet, inadequate mechanical and bio-adhesion properties limit their clinical application.

Application of photocrosslinkable hydrogels based on photolithography 3D bioprinting technology in bone tissue engineering.

Bone tissue engineering (BTE) has been proven to be an effective method for the treatment of bone defects caused by different musculoskeletal disorders. Photocrosslinkable hydrogels (PCHs) with good biocompatibility and biodegradability can significantly promote the migration, proliferation and differentiation of cells and have been widely used in BTE. Moreover, photolithography 3D bioprinting technology can notably help PCHs-based scaffolds possess a biomimetic structure of natural bone, meeting the structural requirements of bone regeneration.

3D-Printed GelMA/PEGDA/F127DA Scaffolds for Bone Regeneration.

Tissue-engineered scaffolds are an effective method for the treatment of bone defects, and their structure and function are essential for bone regeneration. Digital light processing (DLP) printing technology has been widely used in bone tissue engineering (BTE) due to its high printing resolution and gentle printing process. As commonly used bioinks, synthetic polymers such as polyethylene glycol diacrylate (PEGDA) and Pluronic F127 diacrylate (F127DA) have satisfactory printability and mechanical properties but usually lack sufficient adhesion to cells and tissues.

A Super Tough, Rapidly Biodegradable, Ultrafast Hemostatic Bioglue.

Death happening due to massive hemorrhage has been involved in military conflicts, traffic accidents, and surgical injuries of various human disasters. Achieving rapid and effective hemostasis to save lives is crucial in urgent massive bleeding situations. Herein, a covalent cross-linked AG-PEG glue based on extracellular matrix-like amino-gelatin (AG) and PEG derivatives is developed.

Hydrogel-Based Biomaterials Engineered from Natural-Derived Polysaccharides and Proteins for Hemostasis and Wound Healing.

Rapid and effective hemostasis is of great importance to improve the quality of treatment and save lives in emergency, surgical practice, civilian, and military settings. Traditional hemostatic materials such as tourniquets, gauze, bandages, and sponges have shown limited efficacy in the management of uncontrollable bleeding, resulting in widespread interest in the development of novel hemostatic materials and techniques. Benefiting from biocompatibility, degradability, injectability, tunable mechanical properties, and potential abilities to promote coagulation, wound healing, and anti-infection, hydrogel-based biomaterials, especially those on the basis of natural polysaccharides and proteins, have been increasingly explored in preclinical studies over the past few years.

Graphene and its Derivatives for Bone Tissue Engineering: and Evaluation of Graphene-Based Scaffolds, Membranes and Coatings.

Bone regeneration or replacement has been proved to be one of the most effective methods available for the treatment of bone defects caused by different musculoskeletal disorders. However, the great contradiction between the large demand for clinical therapies and the insufficiency and deficiency of natural bone grafts has led to an urgent need for the development of synthetic bone graft substitutes. Bone tissue engineering has shown great potential in the construction of desired bone grafts, despite the many challenges that remain to be faced before safe and reliable clinical applications can be achieved.

Second sacral sacralalar-iliac (S2AI) screw placement in adult degenerative scoliosis (ADS) patients: an imaging study.

Background: The imaging characteristics of sacral sacralalar-iliac (S2AI) screw trajectory in adult degenerative scoliosis (ADS) patients will be determined.

Methods: S2AI screw trajectories were mapped on three-dimensional computed tomography (3DCT) reconstructions of 40 ADS patients. The starting point, placement plane, screw template, and a circle centered at the lowest point of the ilium inner cortex were set on these images.

A novel integrated global coronal aligner helps prevent post-operative standing coronal imbalance in adult spinal deformity patients fused to pelvis: technical notes and preliminary results.

Background: Chieving postoperative coronal balance in adult spinal deformity correction surgeries can be challenging. Even with T square rod technique, there were still some cases with good intraoperative coronal alignment but unsatisfactory post-operative standing coronal imbalance. Thus, the novel techniques to obtain global coronal balance are still in great needs.

In vivo evaluation of bending strengths and degradation rates of different magnesium pin designs for oral stapler.

Magnesium alloys have been potential biodegradable implants in the areas of bone, cardiovascular system, gastrointestinal tract, and so on. The purpose of this study is to evaluate Mg-2Zn alloy degradation as a potential suture material. The study included Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats in vivo.

Spontaneous Remodeling of Spinal Canal After Sagittal Translation in Pedicle Subtraction Osteotomy for Correction of Thoracolumbar Kyphosis in Ankylosing Spondylitis.

Background: Sagittal translations (STs) secondary to osteotomy for the correction of ankylosing spondylitis (AS) kyphosis have drawn great attention, which is considered closely related to neurologic deficits and terrible fusion. Despite being discussed in several cases, there were no relevant reports about the transformation of ST and the spinal canal remodeling in AS patients.

Methods: Retrospective analysis was conducted on 16 patients with ST for the treatment of AS kyphosis through pedicle subtraction osteotomy during January 2011 to December 2014 in our hospital.

Optimal Pelvic Incidence Minus Lumbar Lordosis Mismatch after Long Posterior Instrumentation and Fusion for Adult Degenerative Scoliosis.

Objective: To evaluate the influence of Scoliosis Research Society (SRS)-Schwab sagittal modifiers of pelvic incidence minus lumbar lordosis mismatch (PI-LL) on clinical outcomes for adult degenerative scoliosis (ADS) after long posterior instrumentation and fusion.

Methods: This was a single-institute, retrospective study. From 2012 to 2014, 44 patients with ADS who underwent posterior instrumentation and fusion treatment were reviewed.