Restores Intestinal Barrier Integrity via the IL-22/Reg3 Pathway Following Traumatic Brain Injury in Mice.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) disrupts the intestinal barrier, linking brain trauma to systemic inflammation and secondary complications. This study investigated the role of gut microbiota and its metabolites in intestinal barrier dysfunction following TBI, using a controlled cortical impact mouse model. TBI-induced gut dysbiosis was characterized by reduced microbial diversity and a loss of butyrate-producing bacteria, which led to decreased levels of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), particularly butyric acid.

Mesoscopic insights into effects of electric field on pool boiling for leaky dielectric fluids.

The electric field is known as an effective approach to improving pool boiling. However, there has been limited research on electric field-enhanced boiling of leaky dielectric fluids and the associated bubble dynamics. In this work, we employ a mesoscopic multiphase lattice Boltzmann method to perform large-scale three-dimensional simulations of electric field-enhanced pool boiling in leaky dielectric fluids.

Impact of anthropomorphism in AI assistants' verbal feedback on task performance and emotional experience.

Artificial intelligence (AI) assistants are increasingly deployed across various fields to replace human operators in providing feedback to users, making anthropomorphism a pivotal topic in AI-assisted interactions. We investigated the impact of varying degrees of anthropomorphism in verbal feedback on task performance and user experience. A total of 30 participants were recruited, and their task performance and subjective experiences in response to different levels of feedback were measured.

The effect of icon color gradient features on users' visual search efficiency.

This study explored the influence of different colour gradients and colour area icons on user visual efficiency through a visual search task experiment with 35 participants involved. The results showed that the colour gradient slope and colour area of the icon significantly affected the visual search efficiency. Icons with high colour gradient slope had the highest search accuracy and shortest search time, whereas icons with low- and medium-slope differed only in search time.

Fast food and anxiety symptoms of Chinese multi-ethnic adolescents: The moderating role of regulatory emotional self-efficacy.

Background: Although previous studies demonstrated an association between fast food intake and anxiety symptoms in adolescents, this relationship has not been studied in Chinese multi-ethnic adolescents. The purpose of this study is to investigate the aforementioned association and the potential moderating effect of regulatory emotional self-efficacy (RESE) among Chinese multi-ethnic adolescents.

Methods: A cluster random sampling of 8500 middle school students from 11 counties in Yunnan province was conducted.

Intelligent Evaluation Method for Design Education and Comparison Research between visualizing Heat-Maps of Class Activation and Eye-Movement.

The evaluation of design results plays a crucial role in the development of design. This study presents a design work evaluation system for design education that assists design instructors in conducting objective evaluations. An automatic design evaluation model based on convolutional neural networks has been established, which enables intelligent evaluation of student design works.

One-Dimensional Single-Crystal Mesoporous TiO Supported CuWO Clusters as Photocatalytic Cascade Nanoreactor for Boosting Reduction of CO to CH.

Constructing nanoreactors with multiple active sites in well-defined crystalline mesoporous frameworks is an effective strategy for tailoring photocatalysts to address the challenging of CO reduction. Herein, one-dimensional (1-D) mesoporous single-crystal TiO nanorod (MS-TiO-NRs, ≈110 nm in length, high surface area of 117 m g, and uniform mesopores of ≈7.0 nm) based nanoreactors are prepared via a droplet interface directed-assembly strategy under mild condition.

Light-Driven Ionic and Molecular Transport through Atomically Thin Single Nanopores in MoS/WS Heterobilayers.

Nanofluidic ionic and molecular transport through atomically thin nanopore membranes attracts broad research interest from both scientific and industrial communities for environmental, healthcare, and energy-related technologies. To mimic the biological ion pumping functions, recently, light-induced and quantum effect-facilitated charge separation in heterogeneous 2D-material assemblies is proposed as the fourth type of driving force to achieve active and noninvasive transport of ionic species through synthetic membrane materials. However, to date, engineering versatile van der Waals heterostructures into 2D nanopore membranes remains largely unexplored.

Selective measurement of Cl and HCl based on dopant-assisted negative photoionization ion mobility spectrometry combined with semiconductor cooling.

This study presents an efficient approach for the precise detection of chlorine gas (Cl) and hydrogen chloride (HCl), harmful pollutants frequently emitted from chlor-alkali and various industrial processes. These substances, even in trace amounts, pose significant health risks. Ion mobility spectrometry (IMS), known for its sensitivity in pollutant detection, traditionally struggles to differentiate between Cl and HCl due to the similarity of their product ions, Cl.

Comparative analysis of the microbiomes of strawberry wild species and cultivated variety Akihime using amplicon-based next-generation sequencing.

is a wild strawberry species widely distributed in southwest China and has strong ecological adaptability. Akihime ( Duch. cv.

High-resolution mass spectrometry-based screening and dietary intake assessment of organophosphate esters in foodstuffs from South China.

Organophosphate esters (OPEs) are a group of emerging contaminants with widespread environmental occurrence, yet research on their occurrence in foodstuffs is limited. We collected 100 foodstuff samples in South China using a market basket method, and analyzed food extracts for the presence of OPEs and organophosphite antioxidants (OPAs) by suspect and nontarget screening through high-resolution mass spectrometry. Our analysis resulted in the identification of 30 OPEs, comprised of 25 OPEs with a confidence level (CL) of 1 (unequivocal identification using standards) and five OPEs with CL = 2b (probable structure based on diagnostic evidence).

Significantly Enhanced Energy-Saving H Production Coupled with Urea Oxidation by Low- and Non-Pt Anchored on NiS-Based Conductive Nanofibers.

Rational designing electrocatalysts is of great significance for realizing high-efficiency H production in the water splitting process. Generally, reducing the usage of precious metals and developing low-potential nucleophiles oxidation reaction to replace anodic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) are efficient strategies to promote H generation. Here, NiS-coated nickel-carbon nanofibers (NiS@Ni-CNFs) are prepared for low-content Pt deposition (Pt-NiS@Ni-CNFs) to attain the alkaline HER catalyst.

BSN-ESC: A Big-Small Network-Based Environmental Sound Classification Method for AIoT Applications.

In recent years, environmental sound classification (ESC) has prevailed in many artificial intelligence Internet of Things (AIoT) applications, as environmental sound contains a wealth of information that can be used to detect particular events. However, existing ESC methods have high computational complexity and are not suitable for deployment on AIoT devices with constrained computing resources. Therefore, it is of great importance to propose a model with both high classification accuracy and low computational complexity.

The effects of text direction of different text lengths on Chinese reading.

This study investigates the effects of text direction (horizontal and vertical) and length (long and short) on Chinese reading performance. The experiment enrolled 68 university students aged 19-29 years who were asked to read articles. We recorded reading times and measured recall after reading using a memory test and measured task load using the NASA-TLX scale.

A Comprehensive Review of Natural Flavonoids with Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Activity.

The COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 has majorly impacted public health and economies worldwide. Although several effective vaccines and drugs are now used to prevent and treat COVID-19, natural products, especially flavonoids, showed great therapeutic potential early in the pandemic and thus attracted particular attention. Quercetin, baicalein, baicalin, EGCG (epigallocatechin gallate), and luteolin are among the most studied flavonoids in this field.

Modeling and Simulation of Autonomous Inflow Control Devices for Gas Exploitation.

Horizontal well technology is an efficient method of oil and gas exploitation. The goal of increasing oil production and improving productivity can be achieved by increasing the contact area between the reservoir and the wellbore. The presence of bottom water cresting reduces the efficiency of oil and gas production significantly.

NiCoS combined 3D hierarchical porous carbon derived from lignin for high-performance supercapacitors.

Metal sulfides with the nature of low electronegativity and high electrochemical activity are potentially considered effective electrode materials for supercapacitors. Meanwhile, hierarchical porous carbon (HPC) materials derived from eco-friendly enzymatic hydrolysis lignin are the ideal matrix for holding nanoparticles (NP) that allows the overall NP/HPC composite to achieve outstanding electrochemical performance. In this study, NiCoS nanoparticles were in-situ synthesized on the inner surface of 3D HPC that derived from enzymatic hydrolysis lignin with a simple one-step solvothermal method, thus forming a high-performance composite electrode material for supercapacitor applications.

Constructing a Ring-like Self-Aggregation SERS Sensor with the Coffee Ring Effect for Ultrasensitive Detection and Photocatalytic Degradation of the Herbicides Paraquat and Diquat.

A strategy for building ring-like deposit surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) sensors with the coffee ring effect through the functional modification of the silica nanoparticle surface encapsulated by free-tagged Ag nanoparticles is addressed along with their applications in the SERS-based detection and degradation of target species, including paraquat, diquat, and their free radicals. The nanogap formed by two interparticles with SERS hotspots provides a gigantic amplification signal for the Raman scattering intensity of the analyte molecule located approximately at the hotspots. The enhanced Raman spectrum signals of these target analytes were achieved through the hotspot region of the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) located on the embankment formed by self-aggregation of SiO@Ag nanoparticles due to the coffee ring effect.

A point-to-point "cap" strategy to construct a highly selective dual-function molecularly-imprinted sensor for the simultaneous detection of HAV and HBV.

As an artificial biomimetic receptor, molecularly-imprinted polymer (MIP) has been widely used for the separation, enrichment and detection of various substances. However, due to the complexity of virus structure, huge volume and the existence of highly similar viruses, MIP shows unsatisfactory selectivity in virus detection. To overcome these issues, two kinds of virus nanoMIPs, just like a "cap", were synthesized by a solid-phase imprinting nanogel technique.

Preliminary Application of Magnetization Transfer Imaging in the Study of Normal Uterus and Uterine Lesions.

Purpose: The aim of this study is to evaluate the utility of magnetization transfer (MT) imaging in the study of normal uterus and common uterine lesions.

Methods: This prospective study enrolled 160 consecutive patients with suspected uterine lesions. MT ratio (MTR) map was obtained by pelvic MT imaging on a 3.

Exogenous expression of barley HvWRKY6 in wheat improves broad-spectrum resistance to leaf rust, Fusarium crown rot, and sharp eyespot.

Systemic acquired resistance (SAR) is a broad-spectrum plant defense phenomena controlled by the salicylic acid receptor NPR1. Key regulators of the SAR signaling pathway showed great potentials to improve crop resistance to various diseases. In our previous investigation, a barley transcription factor gene HvWRKY6 was identified as downstream of NPR1 during SAR.

Comparative investigation of a lattice Boltzmann boundary treatment of multiphase mass transport with heterogeneous chemical reactions.

Multiphase reactive transport in porous media is an important component of many natural and engineering processes. In the present study, boundary schemes for the continuum species transport-lattice Boltzmann (CST-LB) mass transport model and the multicomponent pseudopotential model are proposed to simulate heterogeneous chemical reactions in a multiphase system. For the CST-LB model, a lattice-interface-tracking scheme for the heterogeneous chemical reaction boundary is provided.