Frequency-hopping signal generation in an active time-domain mode-locking optoelectronic oscillator.

A controllable frequency-hopping (FH) optoelectronic oscillator (OEO) based on active time-domain mode-locking (TDML) is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. In the proposed FH OEO, a dual-passband microwave photonic filter (MPF) based on phase-modulation-to-intensity-modulation (PM-IM) conversion is implemented using two laser diodes (LDs), a phase modulator, a micro-disk resonator, and a photodiode. Using two synchronized electrical control signals, the two LDs are intensity modulated to achieve the controllable two sub-passbands of the dual-passband MPF.

Long-term implant success after treatment of a giant mandibular dentigerous cyst: A case report.

Introduction And Importance: Dentigerous cysts are among the most common odontogenic cysts, with a postoperative recurrence rate of approximately 5 %-15 %. Large dentigerous cysts present significant clinical challenges due to extensive lesions and severe bone destruction, often resulting in inadequate bone volume and poor soft-tissue conditions for subsequent implant restoration.

Case Presentation: A 71-year-old male presented with a history of a giant right mandibular dentigerous cyst diagnosed 12 years prior, treated by affected tooth extraction and cyst marsupialization (windowing drainage).

Crosstalk between lactylation and RNA modifications in tumorigenesis: mechanisms and therapeutic implications.

Complex crosstalk occurs between protein and nucleic acid modifications, with lactylation, an emerging post-translational modification (PTM), being implicated in tumor progression. However, the mechanisms mediating the crosstalk between lactylation and RNA modifications and their roles in disease pathogenesis remain largely unresolved. In this review, we summarize current advances in the regulatory interactions between lactylation and RNA modifications, explore their functional implications in cancer biology, and discuss the therapeutic potential of targeting these modifications individually or in combination.

Digital Therapeutics for Alzheimer's and Parkinson's Diseases: Current Trends and Future Perspectives.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD), which are characterized by the accumulation of misfolded protein aggregates and cognitive/motor dysfunction, are the most prevalent neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs). Despite strategic investigations aimed at augmenting the pharmaceutical pipeline, available drugs for AD and PD merely slow disease progression without curing or treating the underlying pathology. Recent technological advances have given rise to digital therapeutics (DTx): software systems that aim to prevent, cure, and manage specific diseases, including NDDs.

Long-term efficacy of CDK4/6 inhibitors in early HR+, HER2- high-risk breast cancer: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The confirmed efficacy of combining CDK4/6 inhibitors with endocrine therapy (ET) in HR+, HER2- early breast cancer patients in longer follow-up necessitates further investigation. This meta-analysis aims to comprehensively assess the impact of follow-up duration on the therapeutic activity in high-risk patients.

Methods: We systematically searched PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Medline, Web of Science, and relevant conference abstracts up to 19 October 2024.

Long Noncoding RNA MNX1-AS1 Promotes Tumorigenesis of Breast Cancer by Binding IGF2BP1 to Activate c-MET.

Breast cancer is the most common malignancy that threaten women's health seriously. Many studies have shown that long noncoding RNAs can play significant role in the tumorigenesis of breast cancer. By analyzing the TCGA breast cancer genome data and transcriptome data, we found that copy number amplification drives the activation of long noncoding RNA MNX1-AS in breast cancer and indicates poor prognosis.

Rare Naegleria fowleri meningoencephalitis diagnosed via combined molecular biology and metagenomic sequencing techniques: a case report.

Background: Naegleria fowleri, a pathogenic free-living amoeba, causes primary amoebic meningoencephalitis (PAM), a rare but devastating disease with acute onset, rapid progression, and > 95% mortality. Despite its rarity, the catastrophic outcomes associated with this infection underscore the critical importance of prevention. In this report, we present a rare pediatric fatality caused by PAM in China, highlighting the challenges of diagnosis and treatment.

Generation of an induced pluripotent stem cell line from a Wilson's disease patient carrying both c.2333G > T and c.2621C > T mutations.

Wilson's disease (WD) is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder caused by the mutation of ATP7B gene encoding ATP7B protein (copper ion transporter ATPase β peptide). Functional impairments of ATP7B protein causecopper transport disorders in liver cells, eventually resulting in abnormal accumulation of copperand pathological manifestations. In this study, human renal epithelial cells obtained from a patient with WD were reprogrammed by a non-integrated Sendai virus to generate a patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) line.

DSMT-Net: Dual-student mean teacher network with pixel-level pseudo-label optimization for semi-supervised medical image segmentation.

Medical imaging technologies, as essential tools for the precise visualization of internal anatomical structures, play a crucial role in early disease detection and ensuring accurate diagnosis. Recently, semi-supervised learning has become a key strategy in medical image segmentation to reduce reliance on scarce annotated data. However, existing frameworks, such as the Mean Teacher (MT), often suffer from low-quality pseudo-labels and limited robustness due to structural homogeneity and noise amplification in complex medical scenarios.

A fluid milk spoilage simulation framework reveals the need for spoilage intervention strategies that account for frequency of bacterial postpasteurization contamination.

Postpasteurization contamination (PPC) with gram-negative bacteria and the growth of spore-forming bacteria are major causes of fluid milk spoilage, typically leading to sensory defects when bacterial concentrations exceed 6 log cfu/mL. Existing models focus on individual spoilage pathways, limiting their ability to capture the complexity of milk spoilage. To address this, we developed a simulation framework that simultaneously models the growth of both types of bacteria in high-temperature short-time pasteurized milk along a supply chain.

Serum metabolic profiling enables diagnosis, prognosis, and monitoring for brainstem gliomas.

Brainstem gliomas (BSG) is a highly malignant central nervous system childhood tumors with 5-year survival rate <10%. Metabolism during radiotherapy is a dynamic and precisely programmed process, improving clinical outcomes and guiding therapy decisions of BSG. Here we construct diagnostic and prognostic assays of BSG via circulating metabolites based on both cross-sectional study and longitudinal cohort study with 106 BSG patients.

Nirmatrelvir/ritonavir in heart transplant recipients with COVID-19: A case report on pharmaceutical care and drug interaction management.

Rationale: To evaluate the effect of pharmaceutical care provided by clinical pharmacists during COVID-19 treated with nirmatrelvir/ritonavir in heart transplant (HT) patients.

Patient Concerns: Three HT recipients were admitted to the hospital after testing positive for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) nucleic acid. Due to factors such as underlying immunosuppression resulting from the heart transplantation and the use of antirejection medications, patients who have undergone heart transplantation and become infected with SARS-CoV-2 exhibit significant differences in pathological responses and drug metabolism in the body compared to other patients.

MitCOM-based prognostic model identifies GLUD1 as a key suppressor of glioblastoma growth and invasion through regulation of mitochondrial structure and metabolism.

Background: Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly aggressive brain tumour with a poor prognosis. Mitochondrial dysfunction, including changes in oxidative phosphorylation, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and cristae organisation, plays a key role in the progression of GBM. However, the role of mitochondrial protein complexes in GBM biology is poorly understood.

SOX11 and GLIS2: Novel Biomarkers for Understanding the Progression of Oral Leukoplakia.

Background: Oral leukoplakia (LP) is a common precancerous lesion that can progress to oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Although various risk factors have been identified, the molecular mechanisms and biomarkers of LP remain insufficiently understood.

Methods: This study integrated single-cell RNA sequencing with bulk RNA sequencing data from leukoplakia tissues to investigate the transcriptional regulatory mechanisms within LPtissues.

Phosphodiesterase 4 regulates pyroptosis in subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Phosphodiesterase 4 is a key enzyme involved in the regulation of cell signal transduction, but its role in subarachnoid hemorrhage remains unclear. Neuronal pyroptosis has been reported to be involved in early brain injury after subarachnoid hemorrhage. This study aimed to investigate whether phosphodiesterase 4 contributes to early brain injury after subarachnoid hemorrhage by mediating neuronal pyroptosis and its related mechanisms.

Nimotuzumab Combined With Chemoradiation Therapy in Newly Diagnosed Pediatric Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Glioma.

Purpose: Diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) is a rare and fatal pediatric malignancy of the brainstem with a lack of effective therapeutic options. This study assesses the efficacy and safety of adding nimotuzumab to temozolomide (TMZ) chemoradiation therapy for newly diagnosed pediatric DIPG.

Methods And Materials: We conducted an open-label, single-arm, prospective, multicenter study involving children aged 3-15 years with histologically or radiographically confirmed DIPG from April 3, 2021 to April 13, 2023.

Prognostic factors of invasive fungal infections in pediatric intensive care units and changes in treatment outcomes before and after the COVID-19 pandemic: a multicenter retrospective study.

Objective: To investigate the prognostic factors influencing the outcomes of children with invasive fungal infection in pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) and explore the effects of changes in clinical characteristics before and after the COVID-19 pandemic on treatment outcomes.

Methods: In total, 665 children with invasive fungal infections from the PICUs of four hospitals in China were retrospectively enrolled from January 2017 to December 2021. These children were categorized into an effective treatment group (336 cases) and a failure group (329 cases, including treatment abandonment and death) based on prognosis.

Virome Analysis Deciphers the First Virus Occurrence in Melothria scabra, Revealing Two Potyviruses, Including a Highly Divergent Zucchini Yellow Mmosaic Virus Isolate.

Melothria scabra, an annual vine plant belonging to the family Cucurbitaceae, is usually found as a weed in agricultural ecosystems, making it a potential reservoir for crop viruses. Nonetheless, no plant virus has been documented to infect M. scabra to date.

Effects of beinaglutide on visceral fat area and gut microbiota in obesity.

Background: The gut microbiota plays a substantial role in obesity. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) can affect body weight, insulin resistance, and lipid metabolism via combined hypothalamic feeding centre and gastrointestinal tract activity. It also affects the intestinal flora of patients with obesity.

Bleeding prediction scores in patients with venous thromboembolism using direct oral anticoagulants.

We aimed to identify factors associated with bleeding in patients with venous thromboembolism (VTE) when using direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs), to construct and externally validate a predictive model for bleeding, and to provide a validated tool for clinical assessment of bleeding. The prediction model in the development cohort was constructed using logistic regression and visualized through a Nomogram. We conducted external validation of the model.

Exploring Symptom Experience and Management Strategies Among Patients with Corneal Ulcers Based on Symptom Management Theory: A Qualitative Study.

Background: Corneal ulcers, often caused by eye trauma, are the main cause of corneal blindness. Knowledge of their symptom experiences and self-management is limited. The aim of this study was to describe the symptom experience and self-management of patients with corneal ulcers and to provide references for clinical medical staff to understand their impact on quality of life.

Machine Learning-Based Modeling for Predicting Hypopituitarism After Cranial Trauma.

Objective: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains a leading cause of disability and death globally, and post-traumatic hypopituitarism (PTHP) is a common complication for which there is a lack of accurate predictive models. This study aimed to develop a machine learning model to assess the risk of hypopituitarism after TBI.

Methods: A sample of 620 cases was analyzed using the logistic independent variable event count method.

Heterologous expression of the barley-specific HvbZIP87 transcription factor in wheat enhances broad-spectrum disease resistance with balanced yield.

Introduction: NPR1, a protein that interacts with bZIP transcription factors known as TGAs, plays a pivotal role in coordinating systemic acquired resistance (SAR) in plants. Nevertheless, the molecular intricacies governing SAR in the Triticeae family, which includes crops like wheat and barley, are still largely enigmatic.

Objectives: We identified HvbZIP87, a barley-specific transcription factor, induced in SAR, more strongly in transgenic barley with HvNPR1 knocked down.

Viral Infections in Elderly Individuals: A Comprehensive Overview of SARS-CoV-2 and Influenza Susceptibility, Pathogenesis, and Clinical Treatment Strategies.

As age increases, the immune function of elderly individuals gradually decreases, increasing their susceptibility to infectious diseases. Therefore, further research on common viral infections in the elderly population, especially severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and influenza viruses, is crucial for scientific progress. This review delves into the genetic structure, infection mechanisms, and impact of coinfections with these two viruses and provides a detailed analysis of the reasons for the increased susceptibility of elderly individuals to dual viral infections.

Linearity improvement of chirped distributed feedback laser diodes based on an analog electro-optical phase-locked loop.

A linearity improvement method for frequency-modulated distributed feedback laser diodes (DFB-LD) is proposed and demonstrated based on a pre-distortion signal and an electro-optical phase-locked loop (EO-PLL). The pre-distortion signal is used to reduce the deterministic frequency errors. The EO-PLL is further used to suppress the stochastic frequency noise and enhance the coherence of the DFB-LD.