Metal-Organic Framework-Integrated Nanoplatform Orchestrates Osteochondral-Synovial Homeostasis for Osteoarthritis Therapy.

Osteoarthritis (OA) remains a formidable clinical challenge due to the intricate interplay of cartilage degradation, synovitis, and subchondral bone remodeling. Clinical intra-articular therapies are hindered by rapid drug clearance, inadequate cartilage penetration, and a lack of strategies targeting multifactorial pathogenesis. Herein, we engineered a hybrid nanoplatform for multiaction therapeutics by integrating boundary lubrication and "osteochondral-synovial synergistic effect.

Tissue engineering strategies for treating intervertebral disc degeneration.

Low back pain (LBP) is becoming prevalent in clinics, owing primarily to intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD). The mechanism of IDD is complex, and its pathophysiology is primarily characterized by a decrease in intervertebral nucleus pulposus cells and an imbalance in the synthesis and degradation of the extracellular matrix of the intervertebral disc (IVD). Grounded in the concept of regenerative repair, IVD engineering has emerged as a significant research focus in spinal surgery.

Prevalence, risk factors, prediction of robust callus formation and accelerated fracture healing in traumatic brain injury patients: a five-year study.

Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) usually induces robust callus formation at early stage and then subsequent acceleration of fracture union, as supported by both clinical and preclinical studies. However, risk factors and predictive tools to identify TBI patients most likely to experience this accelerated healing response are lacking and subject to future development.This study aimed to study the prevalence, risk factors, and develop machine learning (ML) models to predict robust callus formation and healing acceleration of fractures in TBI patients.

Robotic-assisted burr preparation significantly improves cement penetration but not immediate fixation strength in total knee arthroplasty.

Purpose: Although robotic-assisted total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is recognized for improving surgical precision, the effect of its bone preparation technique on cemented fixation remains unclear. This study compared the impact of robotic-assisted burr versus oscillating saw techniques on cement penetration and fixation strength.

Methods: Seven paired (n = 14) fresh-frozen cadaveric specimens underwent either robotic-assisted TKA using a burr system or conventional TKA using an oscillating saw.

GsMTx4-loaded GelMA promotes tendon regeneration and suppresses heterotopic ossification via the Apelin signaling pathway.

Tendon injuries pose significant challenges in both athletes and the general population, often leading to prolonged healing, impaired functionality, and increased risk of re-injury. Current treatment options are limited and often yield unfavorable outcomes. Given that tendons are highly mechanosensitive tissues, recent studies highlight the crucial role of mechanotransduction in tissue repair.

Nimotuzumab Combined With Chemoradiation Therapy in Newly Diagnosed Pediatric Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Glioma.

Purpose: Diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) is a rare and fatal pediatric malignancy of the brainstem with a lack of effective therapeutic options. This study assesses the efficacy and safety of adding nimotuzumab to temozolomide (TMZ) chemoradiation therapy for newly diagnosed pediatric DIPG.

Methods And Materials: We conducted an open-label, single-arm, prospective, multicenter study involving children aged 3-15 years with histologically or radiographically confirmed DIPG from April 3, 2021 to April 13, 2023.

Transforming Bone Tunnel Evaluation in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: Introducing a Novel Deep Learning System and the TB-Seg Dataset.

Evaluating bone tunnels is crucial for assessing functional recovery after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Conventional methods are imprecise, time-consuming, and labor-intensive. This study introduces a novel deep learning-based system for accurate bone tunnel segmentation and assessment.

Hydrogen activates ACOD1-itaconate pathway to ameliorate steroid-associated osteonecrosis.

Steroid-associated osteonecrosis (SAON) remains a challenging clinical condition as there are few effective preventive measures. This study investigates the effects of hydrogen (H) administrated via saturated hydrogen-rich water (HRW) in mice received high dose of glucocorticoids (for inducing SAON model). Here we find that HRW treatment significantly reduces osteocyte apoptosis, improves deteriorated trabecular architecture, increases osteoblast numbers and the bone formation, while decreases osteoclast numbers and the bone resorption.

Magnesium as an emerging bioactive material for orthopedic applications: bedside needs lead the way from innovation to clinical translation.

With the rapid increase in population aging, the number of surgical operations in orthopedics is expected to increase. The gap between the materials applied in clinical orthopedics and materials in discovery and research is obvious due to regulatory requirements for biosafety and treatment efficacy. For the bedside needs, it is important to overcome hurdles by achieving impactful innovation and clinical translation of orthopedic materials.

Magnesium promoting OVX rats' rotator cuff tear repair with relieving stem cell senescence effect.

The rotator cuff tear (RCT) repairing of tendon-to-bone junction (enthese) after surgery in osteoporotic patients is mainly hindered by poor bone formation at the damaged humeral tuberosity region. We found that long-term oral supplementation of Magnesium ions (Mg) can significantly promote humeral tuberosity bone formation and enthese regeneration after RCT surgery in ovariectomized (OVX) rats, attributing to the promotive effect of Mg on the osteogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and its inhibition of new bone mineralization. Meanwhile, the in vitro replicative senescent markers of BMSCs are significantly relieved by Mg.

Multiscale metal-based nanocomposites for bone and joint disease therapies.

Bone and joint diseases are debilitating conditions that can result in significant functional impairment or even permanent disability. Multiscale metal-based nanocomposites, which integrate hierarchical structures ranging from the nanoscale to the macroscale, have emerged as a promising solution to this challenge. These materials combine the unique properties of metal-based nanoparticles (MNPs), such as enzyme-like activities, stimuli responsiveness, and photothermal conversion, with advanced manufacturing techniques, such as 3D printing and biohybrid systems.

Organoids and organs-on-chips: Recent advances, applications in drug development, and regulatory challenges.

Organoids and organs-on-chips (OoCs) are rapidly evolving technologies for creating miniature human tissue models. They can mimic complex physiological functions and pathological conditions, offering more realistic platforms for disease modeling, drug screening, precision medicine, and regenerative therapies. The passing of the FDA Modernization Act 2.

Importance to understand medical device regulations for accelerating clinical translation.

Clinical translation of medical devices is determined by many factors and is challenging for certain countries or regions as no regulatory body is available to approve related applications. They must rely on application for regulatory bodies of other countries or regions who have independent medical device regulatory systems, while the major markets regulatory process is different. For example, considering the market size and policy orientation, mainland China may be a good option for Hong Kong research organizations.

Immunotherapy promoting spontaneous regression of non-irradiated brain Metastases following gamma knife treatment: an intracranial abscopal effect?

Radiotherapy has been shown to potentially induce systemic anti-tumor immunity, a phenomenon that may be further enhanced by immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy. However, whether this phenomenon occurs following Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKRS) for brain metastases (BMs) and its potential clinical implications remain poorly understood. We retrospectively analyzed 36 non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with multiple BMs treated with multi-session GKRS.

Targeting the central and peripheral nervous system to regulate bone homeostasis: mechanisms and potential therapies.

The skeleton is innervated by different types of nerves and receives signaling from the nervous system to maintain homeostasis and facilitate regeneration or repair. Although the role of peripheral nerves and signals in regulating bone homeostasis has been extensively investigated, the intimate relationship between the central nervous system and bone remains less understood, yet it has emerged as a hot topic in the bone field. In this review, we discussed clinical observations and animal studies that elucidate the connection between the nervous system and bone metabolism, either intact or after injury.

Tissue Mimetic Membranes for Healing Augmentation of Tendon-Bone Interface in Rotator Cuff Repair.

The globally prevalent rotator cuff tear has a high re-rupture rate, attributing to the failure to reproduce the interfacial fibrocartilaginous enthesis. Herein, a hierarchically organized membrane is developed that mimics the heterogeneous anatomy and properties of the natural enthesis and finely facilitates the reconstruction of tendon-bone interface. A biphasic membrane consisting of a microporous layer and a mineralized fibrous layer is constructed through the non-solvent induced phase separation (NIPS) strategy followed by a co-axial electrospinning procedure.

Defective Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator Accelerates Skeletal Muscle Aging by Impairing Autophagy/Myogenesis.

Background: Regenerative capacity of skeletal muscles decreases with age. Deficiency in cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) is associated with skeletal muscle weakness as well as epithelial cell senescence. However, whether and how CFTR plays a role in skeletal muscle regeneration and aging were unclear.

Accelerated fracture healing accompanied with traumatic brain injury: A review of clinical studies, animal models and potential mechanisms.

The orthopaedic community frequently encounters polytrauma individuals with concomitant traumatic brain injury (TBI) and their fractures demonstrate accelerated fracture union, but the mechanisms remain far from clear. Animal and clinical studies demonstrate robust callus formation at the early healing process and expedited radiographical union. In humans, robust callus formation in TBI occurs independently of fracture fixation methods across multiple fracture sites.

Bioengineering strategies targeting angiogenesis: Innovative solutions for osteonecrosis of the femoral head.

Osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) is a prevalent orthopedic disorder characterized primarily by compromised blood supply. This vascular deficit results in cell apoptosis, trabecular bone loss, and structural collapse of the femoral head at late stage, significantly impairing joint function. While MRI is a highly effective tool for diagnosing ONFH in its early stages, challenges remain due to the limited availability and high cost of MRI, as well as the absence of routine MRI screening in asymptomatic patients.

Degradation products of magnesium implant synergistically enhance bone regeneration: Unraveling the roles of hydrogen gas and alkaline environment.

Biodegradable magnesium (Mg) implant generally provides temporary fracture fixation and facilitates bone regeneration. However, the exact effects of generated Mg ions (Mg), hydrogen gas (H), and hydroxide ions (OH) by Mg degradation on enhancing fracture healing are not fully understood. Here we investigate the degradation of Mg intramedullary nail (Mg-IMN), revealing the generation of these degradation products around the fracture site during early stages.

A comparative study on the effects of biodegradable high-purity magnesium screw and polymer screw for fixation in epiphyseal trabecular bone.

With mechanical strength close to cortical bone, biodegradable and osteopromotive properties, magnesium (Mg)-based implants are promising biomaterials for orthopedic applications. However, during the degradation of such implants, there are still concerns on the potential adverse effects such as formation of cavities, osteolytic phenomena and chronic inflammation. Therefore, to transform Mg-based implants into clinical practice, the present study evaluated the local effects of high-purity Mg screws (HP-Mg, 99.

The emerging role of Piezo1 in the musculoskeletal system and disease.

Piezo1, a mechanosensitive ion channel, has emerged as a key player in translating mechanical stimuli into biological signaling. Its involvement extends beyond physiological and pathological processes such as lymphatic vessel development, axon growth, vascular development, immunoregulation, and blood pressure regulation. The musculoskeletal system, responsible for structural support, movement, and homeostasis, has recently attracted attention regarding the significance of Piezo1.

Advancing skeletal health and disease research with single-cell RNA sequencing.

Orthopedic conditions have emerged as global health concerns, impacting approximately 1.7 billion individuals worldwide. However, the limited understanding of the underlying pathological processes at the cellular and molecular level has hindered the development of comprehensive treatment options for these disorders.