Vitamin C Protects Against Myocardial Damage Induced by Sepsis by Regulating the JAK2/STAT3 and NF-κB Signaling Pathways.

Introduction: Previous studies have shown that vitamin C (VC) has a protective effect on sepsis-induced myocardial injury (SIMI); however, the mechanism of this effect remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of VC on SIMI in rats.

Materials And Methods: Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups: sham operation, cecum ligation and perforation (CLP), and VC groups.

Huangqi fuling decoction inhibits the invasion and metastasis of gastric cancer via the TNF signaling pathway.

Gastric cancer (GC) is a prevalent digestive tract malignancy, and Huangqi Fuling decoction (HF) has shown potential in enhancing immune function and exhibiting anti-GC activity. However, its mechanisms remain unclear. This study utilized network pharmacology, molecular docking, and in vitro experiments to preliminarily explore the mechanisms by which HF inhibits gastric cancer invasion and metastasis while promoting apoptosis.

Optimizing Adsorption-Catalysis Synergy to Accelerate Sulfur Conversion Kinetics in Room-Temperature Na-S Batteries.

Room-temperature sodium-sulfur (RT Na-S) batteries are expected to become the next-generation energy storage system due to their ultrahigh theoretically energy density of 1274 Wh kg, abundant sulfur resource, and low cost. However, practical application is hindered by challenges of severe shuttle effect and sluggish S conversion kinetics. In this study, a series of nano-sized nickel-based chalcogenides are designed and fabricated as electrocatalysts for S cathode.

Identifying biomarkers distinguishing sepsis after trauma from trauma-induced SIRS based on metabolomics data: a retrospective study.

Sepsis after trauma and trauma-induced SIRS have similar symptoms, making their differentiation challenging. Therefore, biomarkers are needed to differentiate between sepsis after trauma and trauma-induced SIRS. We hypothesized that sepsis following trauma induces distinct alterations in blood metabolism compared to trauma-induced SIRS and sought to identify metabolite biomarkers in blood that could differentiate between the two.

Adsorption of Fe-modified peanut shell biochar for Pb(II) in mixed Pb(II), Cu(II), Ni(II) solutions.

A Fe-modified black peanut shell biochar (Fe@BC) was fabricated using FeCl as a magnetic modifier, its sorption for Pb(II) in mixed Pb(II), Cu(II), Ni(II) solutions was examined. It was showed that Fe@BC had better adsorption for Pb(II). While the optimal pH was 4.

Identifying early predictive and diagnostic biomarkers and exploring metabolic pathways for sepsis after trauma based on an untargeted metabolomics approach.

Systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and organ dysfunction make it challenging to predict which major trauma patients are at risk of developing sepsis. Additionally, the unclear pathogenesis of sepsis after trauma contributes to its high morbidity and mortality. Identifying early predictive and diagnostic biomarkers, as well as exploring related metabolic pathways, is crucial for improving early prevention, diagnosis, and treatment.

Experimental dataset of the ions in mine water on mechanical strength and microstructure of Portland cement.

The dataset presented in this paper comprises compressive strength test results for PO42.5 Portland cement mixed with mine water containing sulfate, magnesium, and bicarbonate ions. The tests are designed to systematically assess the impacts of these ions, both individually and in combination, on the long-term mechanical properties of PO42.

Melatonin antagonizes bone loss induced by mechanical unloading via IGF2BP1-dependent mA regulation.

Disuse bone loss is prone to occur in individuals who lack mechanical stimulation due to prolonged spaceflight or extended bed rest, rendering them susceptible to fractures and placing an enormous burden on social care; nevertheless, the underlying molecular mechanisms of bone loss caused by mechanical unloading have not been fully elucidated. Numerous studies have focused on the epigenetic regulation of disuse bone loss; yet limited research has been conducted on the impact of RNA modification bone formation in response to mechanical unloading conditions. In this study, we discovered that mA reader IGF2BP1 was downregulated in both osteoblasts treated with 2D clinostat and bone tissue in HLU mice.

Enhanced Polysulfide conversion in Room-Temperature Sodium-Sulfur batteries via nanoscale TiO modified porous carbon structures.

Room-temperature sodium-sulfur (RT Na-S) batteries, known for their high-energy density, low cost and environmental friendliness, have attracted much attention. However, the development of RT Na-S batteries has encountered a number of challenges, including low conductivity and large volume changes of sulfur during the charge-discharge cycles. In this study, TiO nanoparticles modified porous carbon hosts for sulfur in RT Na-S batteries were prepared by a simple and efficient spray drying method combined with solution immersion.

Crack Sealing in Concrete with Biogrout: Sustainable Approach to Enhancing Mechanical Strength and Water Resistance.

Concrete, as the most widely used construction material globally, is prone to cracking under the influence of external factors such as mechanical loads, temperature fluctuations, chemical corrosion, and freeze-thaw cycles. Traditional concrete crack repair methods, such as epoxy resins and polymer mortars, often suffer from a limited permeability, poor compatibility with substrates, and insufficient long-term durability. Microbial biogrouting technology, leveraging microbial-induced calcium carbonate precipitation (MICP), has emerged as a promising alternative for crack sealing.

The role of inflammatory response and metabolic reprogramming in sepsis-associated acute kidney injury: mechanistic insights and therapeutic potential.

Sepsis represents a severe condition characterized by organ dysfunction resulting from a dysregulated host response to infection. Among the organs affected, the kidneys are particularly vulnerable, with significant functional impairment that markedly elevates mortality rates. Previous researches have highlighted that both inflammatory response dysregulation and metabolic reprogramming are crucial in the onset and progression of sepsis associated acute kidney injury (SA-AKI), making these processes potential targets for innovative therapies.

Graphene Oxide-Enhanced Nucleation and Growth of Calcium-Silicate-Hydrate Gel at Nanoscale: A Molecular Dynamics Study.

Graphene oxide (GO) enhances the performance of cement-based materials by optimizing the microstructure of calcium-silicate-hydrate (C-S-H). However, the influence of GO on the nucleation and growth of C-S-H gel at nanoscale is unexplored. This study investigates this mechanism by molecular dynamics simulation at nano scale.

Elemental Design of Alkali-Activated Materials with Solid Wastes Using Machine Learning.

Understanding the strength development of alkali-activated materials (AAMs) with fly ash (FA) and granulated blast furnace slag (GBFS) is crucial for designing high-performance AAMs. This study investigates the strength development mechanism of AAMs using machine learning. A total of 616 uniaxial compressive strength (UCS) data points from FA-GBFS-based AAM mixtures were collected from published literature to train four tree-based machine learning models.

Effects of Degreasing Pretreatment on Immunohistochemistry and Molecular Analysis of Gastrointestinal and Breast Cancer Samples.

Lymph node status is a key factor in determining stage, treatment, and prognosis in cancers. Small lymph nodes in fat-rich gastrointestinal and breast cancer specimens are easily missed in conventional sampling methods. This study examined the effectiveness of the degreasing pretreatment with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) in lymph node detection and its impact on the analysis of clinical treatment-related proteins and molecules.

Biological role and expression of translationally controlled tumor protein (TCTP) in tumorigenesis and development and its potential for targeted tumor therapy.

Translationally controlled tumor protein (TCTP), also known as histamine-releasing factor (HRF) or fortilin, is a highly conserved protein found in various species. To date, multiple studies have demonstrated the crucial role of TCTP in a wide range of cellular pathophysiological processes, including cell proliferation and survival, cell cycle regulation, cell death, as well as cell migration and movement, all of which are major pathogenic mechanisms of tumorigenesis and development. This review aims to provide an in-depth analysis of the functional role of TCTP in tumor initiation and progression, with a particular focus on cell proliferation, cell death, and cell migration.

Microgrooves with Small Taper Angle Processed by Nanosecond Laser in Closed Flowing Water.

To improve the capability of nanosecond lasers to process structures with a high aspect ratio, a new method of nanosecond laser processing in closed flowing water was proposed in this paper. The microgrooves on a stainless steel 304 surface were processed by the new method, and the influence of processing parameters on the microgrooves was studied. The comparative experiments of laser processing in still water and overflowing water were also carried out, and the unusual phenomenon of laser processing in different flowing water was discovered by a high-speed camera.

Investigation on the mechanism of the combination of eremias multiocellata and cisplatin in reducing chemoresistance of gastric cancer based on and experiments.

Background: Cisplatin (DDP) is one of the important chemotherapy drugs for patients with advanced gastric cancer and metastasis, but its resistance is a bottleneck problem that affects clinical efficacy and patient survival. Eremias multiocellata (EM) is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine, which has been used in the treatment of precancerous lesions, gastric cancer, liver fibrosis, and other digestive diseases. However, the mechanism of reducing chemotherapy resistance to gastric cancer is still unclear.

Acetylated tau exacerbates apoptosis by disturbing mitochondrial dynamics in HEK293 cells.

An increase in tau acetylation at K274 and K281 and abnormal mitochondrial dynamics have been observed in the brains of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. Here, we constructed three types of tau plasmids, TauKQ (acetylated tau mutant, by mutating its K274/K281 into glutamine to mimic disease-associated lysine acetylation), TauKR (non-acetylated tau mutant, by mutating its K274/K281 into arginine), and TauWT (wild-type human full-length tau). By transfecting these tau plasmids in HEK293 cells, we found that TauWT and TauKR induced mitochondrial fusion by increasing the level of mitochondrial fusion proteins.

Pozzolanic activity experimental dataset of calcined coal gangue.

The coal gangue in this dataset was subjected to a series of processes, including drying, crushing, and milling. Subsequently, the coal gangue powder was subjected to high-temperature calcination in a muffle furnace, with a heating rate of 4 ℃/min. The pozzolanic activity of coal gangue powder was investigated at various calcination temperatures (600 ℃, 700 ℃, 800 ℃, 900 ℃) and different holding times (1h, 2h).

Effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection during ovarian stimulation on ART outcomes.

Research Question: Does severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection during ovarian stimulation affect assisted reproductive technology outcomes?

Design: This retrospective cohort study conducted at the Reproductive Medicine Centre of The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University aimed to assess the effects of acute SARS-CoV-2 infection during IVF on treatment outcomes and the reproductive system. The study included 151 treatment cycles involving couples with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) during ovarian stimulation, along with 224 cycles of non-infected couples as a control group. Clinical characteristics and laboratory parameters were analysed, including total gonadotrophin dosage, duration of ovarian stimulation, number of oocytes retrieved, fertilization method, fertilization rate, and number of blastocyst embryos available.

UAV-PDD2023: A benchmark dataset for pavement distress detection based on UAV images.

The UAV-PDD2023 dataset consists of pavement distress images captured by unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in China with more than 11,150 instances under two different weather conditions and across varying levels of construction quality. The roads in the dataset consist of highways, provincial roads, and county roads constructed under different requirements. It contains six typical types of pavement distress instances, including longitudinal cracks, transverse cracks, oblique cracks, alligator cracks, patching, and potholes.

Ba-modified peanut shell biochar (PSB): preparation and adsorption of Pb(II) from water.

The impact of Ba-modified peanut shell biochar (Ba-PSB) on Pb(II) removal was studied and BaCl was used as a modifier. It was shown that the PSB obtained at 750 °C had the best adsorption effect, and the Ba-PSB had a larger specific surface area and a good adsorption effect on Pb(II). At pH = 5, concentration was 400 mg/L, time was 14 h, and temperature was 55 °C, the loading amount of black peanut shell biochar (BPSB), red peanut shell biochar (RPSB), Ba-BPSB, and Ba-RPSB reached 128.